UNIT 13 الصف الثالث الثانوى لغة انجليزية شرح مميز

UNIT 13

Vocabulary:


argue for يحاول إثبات صحة شيء /يجادل لصالح / يدافع عن check يفحص / يراجع / يتأكد من أمر ما
encourage يشجع inspector مفتش
personal شخصي positive ايجابي
role دور be in charge of مسئول عن
effective فعال / مؤثر flight رحلة طيران
impress يؤثر في / يترك انطباعا قويا في (الشخص) impressive مؤثر / مبهر
licence رخصة nursing التمريض
solo منفرد / عمل منفرد suitable مناسب
impression انطباع literary أدبي
queen ملكة prince أمير
paramedic مسعف princess أميرة
course مقرر تعليمي ruler حاكم
course of treatment الجرعات اللازمة للعلاج president رئيس
prime minister رئيس الوزراء minister وزير
antiseptic مُطهر wounded soldiers جنود جرحي
open a school يفتتح مدرسة flying الطيران
a solo flight رحلة طيران منفردة the Pacific Ocean المحيط الهادي
fly a plane يقود طائرة the British army الجيش البريطاني
the Second World War الحرب العالمية الثانية a plane crash حادث تحطم طائرة
nursing school مدرسة للتمريض nursery school حضانة
hygiene النظافة الشخصية sanitation الصحة العامة
admire يُعجب بـ admiration إعجاب
questionnaire استطلاع رأي / استبيان occupation = situation المهنة أو الوظيفة
qualities صفات standard مستوي
physical fitness اللياقة البدنية document مستند
additional information معلومات إضافية the Crimean War حرب القرم
religious matters مسائل دينية political matters مسائل سياسية
persuade يقنع confident واثق
degree درجة / شهادة علمية join the university staff ينضم لهيئة التدريس بالجامعة
a research assistant باحث مساعد a government inspector مفتش حكومي
alternative بديل zone منطقة
compassion حُنو / شفقة social worker أخصائي اجتماعي
dentist طبيب أسنان poor lighting إضاءة ضعيفة
overcrowded مزدحم / مكتظ technical equipment معدات أو أجهزة فنية
imitate يُقلد effective drugs عقاقير فعالة
vaccine مصل / لقاح vaccination التلقيح (ضد الأمراض)
coordinator مُنسق women's rights حقوق المرأة

Words and their antonyms:

suitable مناسب unsuitable غير مناسب
positive إيجابي negative سلبي
brave شجاع cowardly جبان
bravery الشجاعة cowardice الجبن
effective فعال ineffective غير فعال
well-known مشهور / معروف unknown غير معروف
encourage (to) يشجع discourage (from) يثني شخص عن (عمل)
formal رسمي informal غير رسمي
personal شخصي public عام
impressive مؤثر / مبهر unimpressive غير مؤثر
persuade (to) يقنع dissuade (from) يُثني عن / يقنع بالعدول عن
waste يبدد conserve يحافظ
Words and their synonyms:

brave شجاع courageous bravery الشجاعة courage
suitable مناسب appropriate join يربط / يوصل link
encourage يشجع motivate positive ايجابي constructive
role دور part impressive مؤثر / مبهر magnificent
ruler حاكم governor assistant مساعد helper
waste يبدد squander equipment جهاز apparatus
conceit غرور arrogance increase يزداد augment
certainly بالتأكيد / بلا شك unquestionably die pass away
flying الطيران aviation arguable مثير للجدل questionable
endanger يُعرض للخطر jeopardize


Prepositions and Expressions:

take up much of her personal life تشغل جزءاَ كبيرا من حياتها الشخصية play a positive role in يلعب دور ايجابي في
popular with مشهور لدي / محبوب من was born into a wealthy family وُلِد في أسرة ثرية
grow up ينشأ / يكبر work in a hospital يعمل في مستشفي
the first of its kind الأولي من نوعها break the world record يحطم الرقم القياسي العالمي
miss the record يفشل في تحطيم الرقم القياسي look after = take care of يعتني بـ
be determined to مصمم علي have a degree in Maths لديه درجة علمية في الرياضيات
write under a pen name يكتب باستخدام اسم مستعار be associated with مرتبط بـ
fly over long distances يطير لمسافات بعيدة lose her life تفقد حياتها
to start with كبداية ... to sum up باختصار
be awarded a degree يُمنح درجة علمية



Irregular Verbs:


seek/sought/sought يسعي إلي sing/sang/sung يغني
send/sent/sent يرسل sleep/slept/slept ينام
shake/shook/shaken يهز/ يرج speak/spoke/spoken يتحدث
shoot/shot/shot يطلق النار spell/spelt/spelt
spell/spelled/spelled يتهجي
shrink/shrank/shrunk ينكمش spin//span/spun يدور بسرعة



Derivatives:

Verb Noun Adjective
argue يجادل argument جدل / خلاف arguable مثير للجدل
argumentative مجادل / كثير الجدل
encourage (to) encouragement encouraging مُشجِع
feel encouraged يشعر بالتشجيع
suit يناسب suitability ملائَمة suitable ملائم / مناسب
impress يبهر / يثير الإعجاب impression انطباع impressive مؤثر / مبهر
confide (in) يثق confidence ثقة confident واثق
brave يواجه بشجاعة / يتحدي bravery الشجاعة brave شجاع
nurse يرعي (شخص مريض أو مسن) nurse ممرضة
nursing التمريض
discourage (from) يثني عن / يمنع من discouragement إعاقة /
تثبيط الهمة discouraged مُحبَط
discouraging (شيء) يسبب إحباط


Words that go together

admission charge رسم الدخول personal cleanliness النظافة الشخصية
a convincing argument حجة مقنعة assess the situation يُقيم الموقف
introduce new ideas يقدم أفكارا جديدة obey the rules يُطيع القواعد
strength of character قوة الشخصية to an unprecedented degree بدرجة غي مسبوقة
in varying degrees بدرجات متفاوتة master's degree درجة الماجستير
personal commitment التزام شخصي a positive attitude موقف ايجابي
a pivotal role دور حيوي أو أساسي downplay the role of يُقلل من أهمية دور ..
impressive achievement انجاز باهر a suitable opportunity فرصة مناسبة (مواتية)
hold a driving licence يحمل رخصة قيادة spectacular success نجاح مذهل
a constructive dialogue حوار بناء a campaign against حملة ضد
anti-social behaviour سلوك معادي للمجتمع





Read the following passage carefully:

Florence Nightingale
Florence Nightingale was born in 1820 into a wealthy family in Italy, but grew up and went to school in England. When she was 17, she decided that she wanted to be a nurse, although her family did not think that this was a suitable job for their young daughter. However, Florence's work in a London hospital was so effective that the British government asked her to be in charge of the nursing of wounded soldiers abroad. After working in Europe, she returned to England and opened the Nightingale School of Nursing in London, the first school of this kind.

The Queen of the Air
Amy Johnson was from the north of England and first became interested in flying while she was working as a secretary in London. In 1929, she was awarded her pilot's licence and a year later tried to break the record for a solo flight from Britain to Australia. She flew alone from London to Darwin in a small plane. This took 19 days and she stopped many times in Europe, Asia and on islands in the Pacific Ocean. Although Amy missed the record by just three days, she became very popular with the British people, who called her the Queen of the Air. Amy Johnson made many other long-distance flights, and in 1936 broke the record for a solo flight from London to South Africa. She also flew planes for the British army during the Second World War, and was killed in a plane crash in 1941.


Definitions:

argue for to clearly explain why you think something is true or should be done
degree the qualification given to someone who has successfully finished a university course
encourage to try to persuade someone to do something, especially by making them more confident
inspector someone whose job is to check that something is of a good enough standard and that rules are being obeyed
personal involving someone's private life, their feelings, health and relationships
positive having a good or useful effect
role the position that someone has in a situation or activity
be in charge of to be the person who controls or is responsible for someone or something
effective producing the result that was wanted
flight a journey in a plane
impressive making you admire something
licence an official document that gives you permission to do something
nursing the job of looking after people who are ill, injured or very poor
solo done alone, without anyone else helping you
suitable right or acceptable for a particular purpose or situation


Language Notes

۩ teach يُلِم / يُدرِس ۩ learn يتعلم
● She taught English to foreign students.
● I'm learning to play the piano.

۩ argue for / in favour of يقدم حجة لصالح / يؤيد ۩ argue against يقدم الحجة ضد / يعارض
● He argued strongly for the proposal.
● They argued against the new tax.

۩ decide to + inf. يقرر ۩ decide that + يقرر أن ۩ decide on + n يختار
● They decided to sell their old house.
● He decided that he would look for another job..
● We've decided on Paris for our next holiday.

۩ train (somebody) in something يُدرب علي ۩ train (somebody) to + inf. يُدرب لكي
۩ train for + n يتدرب من أجل ۩ train to be / as + job يتدرب كـ (وظيفة)
● All staff will be trained in customer service skills.
● Employees are trained to deal with emergency situations.
● Brenda spends two hours a day training for the marathon.
● She's training to be a doctor.

۩ For this reason, … ولهذا السبب
• He was so ill. For this reason, he didn't go to work.

•لا تستخدم the قبل كلمة next إذا جاءت بعدها كلمات تدل علي الزمن
next week / next summer
● She's travelling to London next Monday.
•تستخدم the قبل كلمة next إذا جاءت بعدها اسم
•The next book I'm going to read is Gulliver's Travels.
● Read the next two chapters before Friday.

between بين اثنين •she sat between her parents.
among بين أكثر من اثنين •This mountain is among the highest in the world.

 هناك adverbs معينة يمكن أن يبدأ بها الكلام و يأتي بعدها جملة كاملة:
• Interestinglyمن المثير للاهتمام / undoubtedly بلا شك/ unfortunately للأسف/ luckilyلحسن الحظ / personally بصفة شخصية
• Interestingly, none of their three children ever married.
• Undoubtedly, public interest in folk music has declined.

•On (his) own وحيد / بمفرده of (his) own تدل علي الملكية
•I've been living on my own for four years now.
•I'd like to have a place of my own.

•Encourage to +inf يشجع علي •encourage + n يُشجع (شيء)
•discourage from + v+ing يمنع من •discourage + n يعوق (حدوث شيء)
•We should encourage our children to read.
•Violent TV programmes encourage anti-social behaviour.
•We should discourage people from polluting the environment.
•Aspirin may discourage tumour growth in some types of cancer.

Exercises on Vocabulary and Language Notes:
Choose the correct answer:
1- My older brother has a (decree – degree – licence - permission) in Maths from Cairo University.
2- Exercise can have a (positive – negative – captive - conductive) effect on your health and fitness.
3- Nurses have an important (row – rule – role - rate) in looking after patients in a hospital.
4- My parents have always (disappointed – depressed – discouraged - encouraged) me to work hard at school.
5- I'd prefer not to talk about that. It's something very (personal – public – famous - physical).
6- I found university work very difficult, but my friends were always very (judging – avenging – encouraging - managing).
7- It was a great football match. Both teams played very (negatively – positively – aggressively – cowardly).
8- She would be a good nurse. She has a very kind (abnormality – artificiality - personality – brutality) .
9- Your grades are (impress – impressive – impression - impressed), Jena.
10- To be in (charge – average – bandage - besiege) of is to be responsible for or in control of something.
11- Something which is (defective – reflective – effective - attractive) produces the right result.
12- A/An (licence – essence – absence - acceptance) is a document that gives permission to do something.
13- (Accounting – Injecting – Nursing - Hospitalizing) is a job of looking after people who are ill.
14- (Lonely – Only – Sauna - Solo) means done on your own, without help from another person.
15- If something is (recordable – suitable – achievable – readable), it is right in a particular situation.
16- Several companies have been (prevented – collapsed – licensed - banned) to sell these products.
17- The company denies that it has (praised – placed – rose - practised) discrimination against any of its employees.
18- The doctor (advised – devised – blamed - praised) him against smoking.
19- A (cruise – tour – voyage - flight) is a journey by air.
20- The radiation leak has had a disastrous (affect – infect – effect - dialect) on the environment.
21- It's an extremely (addictive – effective – adjective - collective) cure for a headache. It has no side effects.
22- The poor bird couldn't (fly – try – cry - dry) because it had a broken wing.
23- There's no doubt about Christine's (curability – disability – suitability - hospitality) for the job. She is very efficient.
24- To (bargain – challenge – review – argue) for is to clearly explain why you think something is true or should be done
25- A/An (collector – inspector – conductor - investigator) is someone whose job is to check that something is of a good enough standard and that rules are being obeyed
26- A (duty – responsibility – role - charge) is the position that someone has in a situation or activity
27- A (degree – referee – guarantee - retiree) is the qualification given to someone who has successfully finished a university course
28- Something which is (interesting – amusing – positive - legal) has a good or useful effect
29- To (engage – encourage – manage - package) is to try to persuade someone to do something, especially by making them more confident
30- (Additional – Conditional – Constitutional - Personal) means involving someone's private life, their feelings, health and relationships
31- As well as writing books on (social – sociable - society – variety) and culture, she also wrote poems.
32- Dr. Aisha Abd El-Rahman helped to improve women's (composition – disposition – depression - position) in society.
33- Her mother (discouraged – encouraged – managed - bandaged) her to get a good education.
34- She was (awarded - got – gave – rewarded) her degree in 1939.
35- He joined the university (stiff – staff – stuff - crew) as a research assistant.
36- She was employed as a government (actor – ambassador – inspector – ancestor) for the teaching of Arabic literature.
37- Her work (took up – took off – took down – took to) much of her personal life.
38- Her great work is still (appeared – applied - appreciated – appointed) today.
39- She taught at many universities across the Arab (village – town – city – world).
40- She (spent – left – went – did) her life doing the things she was most interested in.

Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write them correctly:
1- I tried taking tablets for the headache but they didn't have any affection.
2- Applicants must have a degrade in Engineering.
3- Children need lots of disappointment when they're learning new things.
4- The abductor reported that 20% of school children were unable to read or write.
5- The rural environment was having a possessive effect on the children's health.
6- Parents play an important reel in their child's learning.
7- She took full arsenal responsibility for all the arrangements.
8- Who will be in change of the department when Sophie retires?
9- Antibiotics are only deductive if you finish the whole course of treatment.
10- Many people have trouble sleeping after a long bright.
11- He borrowed his father's car to depress his friends.
12- He was arrested for driving without a degree.
13- The first solar flight across the Atlantic took place many years ago.
14- The house is not really syllable for a large family.
15- I broke the vase during an armament with my wife.


.




Relative Clauses عبارات الوصل

•يستخدم ضمير الوصل لربط جملتين و يحل محل اسم أو ضمير موجود غالبا في الجملة الثانية:
•تستخدم who لتحل محل الفاعل أو المفعول. أما whom فتحل محل المفعول فقط و غالبا تستخدم مكانها who:
• This is the woman. She owns the house.
This is the woman who owns the house.
• The talk was given by a man. He used to live in Russia.
The talk was given by a man who used to live in Russia.
• I spent two hours talking to Ali. I'd met him only once before.
I spent two hours talking to Ali, whom / who I'd met only once before.

• تستخدم which لتحل محل الفاعل و المفعول غير العاقل:
• The job was very tiring. He applied for it a week ago.
The job which (that) he applied for a week ago was very tiring.
The job for which he applied a week ago was very tiring.

• لاحظ استخدام which لتشير إلي جملة كاملة قبلها:
• He got very bad marks in the test, which made his parents very sad.
• One of the boys kept laughing, which annoyed the teacher very much.

•تستخدم whose للملكية.
• The man felt very sad. His wife died in the accident.
The man whose wife died in the accident felt very sad.
•لاحظ أن هناك نوعان من عبارات الوصل ، النوع الأول يعطي معلومة أساسية عن الشيء أو الشخص أو المكان الذي نتحدث عنه ونستخدم في هذا النوع who / which / whom ولا نستخدم comma قبل أو بعد عبارة الوصل. ويمكن استخدام that بدلا من ضمائر الوصل المذكورة .
•The company which / that he works for sells computer.
The company for which he works sells computer
• The woman who / that killed her husband was sentenced to death. حكم عليها بالإعدام

•والنوع الثاني لا تقدم عبارة الوصل معلومة هامة عن الشيء أو الشخص أو المكان الذي نتحدث عنه ولا بد من استخدام comma قبل وبعد عبارة الوصل و لا تستخدم that في هذا النوع:
• Mr. Ahmed, who is 45 years old, is a famous politician.
• The company, which is in Cairo, employed 200 people.
•لاحظ أن that / who لا يسبقهما حرف جر:
•The man for whom he works is German.
•The man that he works for is German.
•The man who / whom he works for is German.
•لاحظ استخدام that بعد صفات التفضيل للإشارة إلي غير العاقل:

•وفي حالة وجود عاقل مع صفات التفضيل يمكن أن نستخدم that أو who:
•This is the best book that I have ever read.
•He was the best king that / who ever sat on the throne. العرش

• لاحظ في الجملة الآتية أنه لا يمكن استخدام that بدلا من which إلا إذا تركنا حرف الجر في مكانه الأصلي :
• The house cost him a lot of money. He lived in it.
The house in which he lived cost him a lot of money.
The house that he lived in cost him a lot of money.

What = the thing that / the things that
• The things that we saw astonished us. = What we saw astonished us.
• The thing that annoys him is that his friend always comes late.
= What annoys him is that his friend always comes late.

•يمكن استخدام to + inf. بدلا من عبارة الوصل إذا كان ضمير الوصل في الجملة يحل محل الفاعل وفي حالة وجود ما يلي :

The first / second/last/only

• Ali was the first student who arrived at school.
= Ali was the first student to arrive at school.

• He was the last man who left the ship.
= He was the last man to leave the ship.
•لاحظ تركيب الجملة الآتية:
It + is / was + اسم + who / that …
It + is / was + اسم + which / that …
It was Peter who broke the window.
It was the bus that delayed us.
• يمكن حذف ضمير الوصل في الحالات الآنية (مع ضرورة حذف TO BE أيضا):
• إذا كان بعده مبنى للمجهول :
• The book was made into a film. It was written 20 years ago.
The book which was written 20 years ago was made into a film.
The book written 20 years ago was made into a film.
• أو إذا كان بعده جار و مجرور (حرف جر واسم):
• The book is about famous writers. It is on the second shelf.
The book (which is) on the second shelf is about famous writers.

• أو إذا كان بعده اسم أو صفة بعدها اسم:
• John Smith was interviewed on TV. He is a famous runner.
John Smith, (who is) a famous runner, was interviewed on TV.

•تستخدم where بدلا من which و حرف جر إذا كانت تدل على مكان أو بدلا من there
• The shop was so big. He worked in it.
The shop in which he worked was so big.
The shop where he worked was so big.
• He went to Acapulco. He spent most of his holiday there.
He went to Acapulco where he spent most of his holiday.

•تستخدم when بدلا من which و حرف إذا كانت تدل على زمن:
• The day was remembered for long. They met on it.
The day on which they met was remembered for long.
The day when they met was remembered for long.

•لاحظ أننا إذا استخدمنا حرف جر في عبارة الوصل ، يأتي حرف الجر قبل ضمير الوصل:
• The death of his son was an experience from which he never fully recovered.
• It isn't a subject to which I devote a great deal of thought.
• Is that the film in which he kills his mother?
• The man with whom I spoke a moment ago is a university professor.
• The manager to whom I sent the letter didn't agree to give me the job.



•لابد من استخدام ضمير الوصل إذا جاء في مكان الفاعل و بعده الفعل:
•إذا حذف ضمير الوصل و كانت الجملة معلوم Active نستخدم :V.+ ING
• The man is very kind. He works in this office.
The man who works in this office is very kind.
The man working in this office is very kind.

• يمكن حذف ضمير الوصل إذا جاء مكان المفعول:
• The officer treated me very well. I met him at the police station.
The officer whom/ who/ that I met at the police station treated me very well.
The officer I met at the police station treated me very well.

Exercises on Grammar
Choose the correct answer:
1. My penfriend, (who – that – where – when) lives in Sweden, is studying biology at university.
2. Aisha, (which – whom – whose – that) father is a well-known doctor, is my best friend at school.
3. My brother (whom – whose – where – that) lives in New York is going to visit us soon.
4. Fruit (when - that – where – what) ripens on the tree tastes best.
5. Our flat, (which – that – whose – where) is on the fifth floor, overlooks the Nile.
6. My brother went to Alexandria university, (which – when – that – where) he studied architecture.
7. Last week, we had a meeting, (at which – for which – on which – by which) we found out about next year's school trip.
8. She's written an article (of which – with which - in which – in where) she describes the problems facing our country.
9. Dr. Aisha Abd El-Rahman, (that - who – what – where) is better known to some people as Bint El-Shatei, is one of the most famous people in Egyptian and Arab culture.
10. Dr. Aisha used to go with her father to meetings (at which – of which – to which – for which) she learned to read and write.
11. She went to Cairo University (what – whose – at where – where) she studied Arabic language and literature.
12. She wrote many books and articles (with whom - in which – of what – to where) she argued for a more positive role for women in the modern world.
13. Her work, (which – what – where – whom) had taken up much of her personal life, is still appreciated today.
14. Dr. Aisha, (whom – that – whose – who) father was an important man, was born in Damietta in 1913.
15. Dr. Aisha wrote many articles (at which - in which – of which – which) she discussed women and society.
16. Queen Victoria, (who – whose – where – when) was born in 1819, was educated in London alone, without meeting other children.
17. Queen Victoria, (that – when - who – where) died in January 1901, was queen of Britain for most of the 19th century.
18. Queen Victoria, (who – that – which – whom) ruled for more than 63 years, was queen for longer than any other British ruler.
19. Queen Victoria's husband, Prince Albert, died in 1861, (after which – with which – by which – from which) Victoria always wore black clothes.
20. I'm hoping to study science at university, (which – that - after which – of which) I'd like to work as a research assistant.
21. The city (that - in which – when – what) I was born is in the south of Egypt.
22. These days, women have as good an education as men, (that – where – whom – which) I think is a good thing.
23. Yesterday, I played a long game of tennis with my brother, (when – that – which – for which) made me very tired.
24. The nurse, (who – whose – that – where) responsibility is to look after young children, has worked at the hospital for ten years.
25. The person (who – whose – which – where) does most of the cooking in our family is my mother.

Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write them correctly:
1. 1837 was the year where Victoria became queen of Britain.
2. I've just read a newspaper article in that the life of a famous woman is described in detail.
3. My sister went to London University, what she studied history.
4. Lord of the Flies is a story in whom a group of school boys are shipwrecked on an island.
5. She asked me where I had been, to that I replied, "It's a secret".
6. Tomorrow, I'm going to a meeting at when we are going to discuss women's role in society.
7. He says he's busy, by where he really means he doesn't want to go out this evening.
8. He said something very cruel, for that I think he should apologize.
9. Cleopatra, whom was very beautiful, was the last pharaoh of Egypt.
10. Woman's Day, that marks an important event in 1919, is on March 16.
11. Alexandria, when my mother was born, is in northern Egypt.
12. I have been reading about famous women, that I have found very interesting.
13. Agatha Christie was a famous crime writer where books were translated into many languages.
14. He didn't want to lend me the money, that made me very angry.
15. He showed me round the town, who was very kind of him.


Language Functions:

Asking for reasons Giving reasons
Can you tell me why? (It's) because …
Why …? For (two/three) reasons
Is that the reason…? To start with …
Is that why …? Firstly / Secondly, because …
What (did you choose …) for? That's one of the reasons
What's the reason for …? Mainly because …

Study the following mini-dialogues:
1-A: I gave my mobile phone to my sister yesterday?
B: What did you do that for?
A: Mainly because someone bought me a new one for my birthday.

2-A: Can you tell me why you were late for school?
B: To start with, I didn't hear my alarm clock.

3-A: Why do you want to study science at university?
B: For two reasons. Firstly, because I enjoy science, and secondly because I want to be a doctor when I leave.

4-A: I was busy all day yesterday.
B: Is that the reason you didn't phone me?










Test on Unit 13

A- Language Functions
1- Respond to the following situations:
1- Your friend would like to know why you have decided to study engineering.
2- You want to ask your friend about the reason why he came to school late.
3- Your mother asks you why you didn't tidy up your room.
4- You ask your father the reason why he has decided to move house.

2- Mention the place , the speakers and the language function in each of the following two mini-dialogues: (August, 2004)
1- A: Today we are going to play the film "The Mask of Gold". If you
have any questions, keep them till the end.
B: Are we going to discuss our questions later?
A: Yes, but you have to follow up the incidents carefully.

2- A: The train which goes to Aswan will leave from platform 7 in about 5 minutes.
B: Thank you. I'll have to hurry to catch it.



B- Vocabulary and Structure
3- Choose the correct answer:
1- Some students need more (encouragement – discouragement – disturbance - disagreement) than others at school.
2- (Artificially – Abnormally – Personally - Cheerfully), I believe that everyone should study science at school.
3- A 14-year old Japanese boy has become the youngest person to complete a (lonely – solo – stereo - studio) voyage across the Pacific Ocean.
4- Before you can fly alone, you need to have a pilot's (qualification – permission – agreement -licence).
5- The (flying – flight – aviation – destination) from London to Cairo takes about 4 hours.
6- Some films are not (right – kind – cruel - suitable) for young children.
7- Doctors are always trying to find (effective – helpful – defective - infectious) new treatments for diseases.
8- My uncle is (of charge - in charge – with control – by charge) of the Science Department in a secondary school.
9- Alison Jones and her husband David, (when – where - who – whose) live in London, are celebrating their golden wedding anniversary.
10- The people (which - that – where – whom) live next door are very nice.
11- Solar energy is an idea (which - whose – that – where) time has come.
12- One of my neighbours throws rubbish in the street, (that - which – where – when) annoys me intensely.
13- He was educated at the local school, (after which – in which – with which – with where) he went on to Cambridge.
14- In 1963 we moved to Boston, (when – which - where – whom) my grandparents lived.
15- Bradford, (where – when – that – which) is my hometown, has a lot of splendid restaurants.
16- The woman (when - who – where – which) murdered her husband was sentenced to death.

4- Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write them correctly:
1- The house, where was completed in 1856, was famous for its huge marble staircase.
2- The treatment will continue until the patient reaches the point what he can walk correctly and safely.
3- I discussed it with my brother, that is a lawyer.
4- The view from the window is very depressive. I like it so much.
5- You need a university debris for most of these jobs.
6- Diet has a very important pole in the prevention of disease.

C- Reading Comprehension
5- Read the passage then answer the questions: (June, 2003)
Walking along the colourful street market, I realized it would be impossible to leave this place empty-handed. Dozens of brightly-dressed traders were selling various goods. There were imported fruits and vegetables, handmade clothes, beautifully crafted jewellery and much more. Cafés offered freshly ground coffee and were playing loud music. After I had finished my shopping for the day, I had to drag myself away carrying lots of heavy bags but feeling quite pleased with myself. Should you ever find yourself in Amsterdam, make sure you visit this fantastic European market. The combination of a lively atmosphere, delicious food and traditional goods makes this an experience not to be missed.
When I arrived in the early morning, the market had just opened, but the hustle and bustle of shoppers, tourists and street musicians had already started. The place was jumping with life. The fragrance of freshly cut flowers made the place look bright and festive. As I wandered along, looking at the freshly baked cakes and smelling the mouth-watering aromas of the different pies, I suddenly realized how hungry I was. When I tried one, it tasted delicious. One hour later, I discovered an amazing traditional market, the Albert Cuyp market. With its huge variety of goods and its lively atmosphere, it stands out from the other entire street markets.

A) Answer the following questions:
1-Why is shopping in the street market a unique experience, according to the writer?
2-How many days did the writer spend in the street market?
3-What advice did the writer give his readers?

B. Choose the correct answer:
4-The writer of the passage was in ------------.
a) Canada b) Holland c) Somalia d) Syria
5-The market looked very bright because of ------------.
a) freshly baked cakes b) fresh food
c) freshly cut flowers d) freshly ground coffee

6- Read the passage then answer the questions:
A few months ago, the pilot of a small plane had an unusual flight. A strong wind blew the plane sideways, and it touched the top of a tree. Both wheels of the plane were knocked off but the plane did not crash.
The pilot sent a radio message to the airport. He did not know how to land without wheels. The airport controller promised to help the pilot. He telephoned the airport firemen and told them what to do.
The firemen brought a long open lorry and drove to one end of the airport runway. The airport controller sent a radio message to the pilot. He told the pilot to land on top of the lorry. One of the fireman drove quickly along the runway and the pilot managed to land on the lorry. Part of the lorry was damaged and the tail of the plane was broken but nobody was injured. The fireman slowed the lorry down and then stopped. The pilot was very grateful. He gladly agreed to pay for the damage of the lorry.
A) Answer the following questions:
1- Why did the pilot send a radio message to the airport?
2- How was the fireman able to save the pilot?
3- What did the airport controller do to help the pilot?
B) Choose the correct answer:
4- The underlined word "He" in the last paragraph refers to ………….
a) the pilot b) the fireman
c) the airport controller d) the lorry driver

5- After the adventure, the plane was in need of ------------------
a) a new tail only b) two wheels only
c) a tail and two wheels d) a tail and four wheels
D- Writing
8- Write about 100 words about: (June, 2003)
You have received an invitation from an international space agency to travel in space. The trip will take one month, however, you can only take 4 things with you. Describe your feelings and talk about the 4 things you would take and why they are so necessary for you. Tell us about the first person you would tell about your trip and why you chose him/her.

9- A)Translate into Arabic: (June, 2003)
The government is trying to solve traffic problems by constructing new roads and flyovers. The number of vehicles is increasing every day. Roads are becoming too crowded for drivers to use.

B) Translate into English:

1- نفخر بأن التعليم هو المشروع القومي الأول في مصر.
2- الأمية مشكلة اجتماعية خطيرة ولا بد أن نبذل المزيد من الجهود لحلها.