UNIT 7 الصف الثالث الثانوى لغة انجليزية شرح مميز

UNIT 7
Vocabulary:

rays أشعة unthinkable غير وارد التفكير فيه / مستحيل
commuter شخص يسافر الي ومن العمل diameter قُطر
engineering الهندسة / هندسي investment الاستثمار
massive هائل / ضخم base قاعدة
carve ينحت cliff الجُرف / منحدر صخري شاهق
illuminate يضيء / ينير monument أثر
(be) positioned يوضع في مكان معين raise يرفع / يربى
tunnel نفق underground مترو الأنفاق
regularly بانتظام tunneling شق الأنفاق
drilling machine ماكينة الحفر engineering project مشروع هندسي
invest يستثمر investor مستثمر
deduce يستنتج deduction استنتاج
storm عاصفة temple معبد
structure بناء the rising sun الشمس المشرقة
the Nile Valley وادي النيل flood فيضان / يفيض
statue تمثال weigh يَزن
weight وزن / ثُقل concrete خرسانة
combination خليط / مزيج attack هجوم / يهاجم
attempt يحاول / محاولة tonne طن
emperor امبراطور empire إمبراطورية
the Great wall of China سور الصين العظيم eventually أخيرا / في نهاية المطاف
iron bridge جسر حديدي design bridges يصمم الجسور أوالكباري
shut يُغلق pharaoh فرعون
pharaonic فرعوني steel الصلب
palace قصر plan خطة
plain واضح / سهل / ارض منبسطة obstacle عقبة
phenomenon ظاهرة phenomena ظواهر
privatization الخصخصة creativity الخلق والابتكار
steep شديد الانحدار lift يرفع
settlements مستوطنات / قري صغيرة natural disasters كوارث طبيعية
historical buildings مباني تاريخية maintain يصون / يحافظ علي
the Suez Canal قناة السويس the Indian Ocean المحيط الهندي
the Mediterranean Sea البحر المتوسط surely بالتأكيد
spectacular views منظر رائعة cable car عربة قطار هوائية
Table mountain جبل الطاولة (من أهم معالم كيب تاون في جنوب أفريقيا) work manually يعمل بطريقة يدوية
slaves عبيد convince = persuade يُقنع
agricultural زراعي commercial تجاري
industrial صناعي unemployment البطالة
slogan شعار prosperity الازدهار / الرخاء الاقتصادي
capital رأس المال welfare رفاهية / صالح
sculpture تمثال sculptor نحات / مَثَال



Words and their antonyms:

ancient قديم modern حديث
catch (the train) يلحق بـ miss (the train) يفوته
forget ينسي remember يتذكر
hesitant متردد confident واثق
build يبني demolish يهدم
massive هائل tiny ضئيل الحجم
maximum أقصي / الحد الأقصي minimum أدني / الحد الأدني
raise يرفع lower يخفض
illuminate يضيء darken يُظلم
unthinkable غير محتمل / مستحيل likely محتمل
different مختلف the same نفس الشيء
merits مزايا demerits عيوب
save يوفر waste يبدد


Prepositions and Expression:

get to يصل إلي be proud of فخور بـ
take pride in يفخر بـ be made out of مصنوع من
cut into rock يحفر في الصخر be attached to متصل بـ
reach a length of يصل طوله الي ride on a horse يركب حصان
a journey on the underground رحلة بالمترو attractive to جذاب لـ
connect .. with يوصل .. بـ in the same position في نفس المكان أو الموقع
cut into pieces يقطع إلي قطع صغيرة divide .. into يُقسم إلي
save them a lot of money يوفر لهم كثير من المال with a diameter of بقطر يبلغ
cut into a particular shape يقطع في شكل معين light up ينير / يضيء
provide water for agriculture يوفر الماء للزراعة force … to يجبر .. علي
accessible to متاح لـ related to مرتبط بـ
keep the attackers out يُبعد المهاجمين


Irregular Verbs:

shine/shone/shone يلمع stand/stood/stood يقف
show/showed/shown يبين spend/spent/spent ينفق/يقضي
shut/shut/shut يغلق split/split/split يشطر
sit/sat/sat يجلس spread/spread/spread ينتشر
smell/smelled/smelled
smell/smelt/smelt يشـم speed/sped/sped
speed/speeded/speeded
يسرع


Derivatives:

Verb Noun Adjective
attract يجذب attraction جذب attractive جذاب
tour يقوم بجولة سياحية tourism السياحة
tourist سائح tourist / touristic سياحي
deduce يستنتج deduction استنتاج deductive استنتاجي
forget ينسي forgetfulness النسيان forgetful كثير النسيان
illuminate يضيء illumination إضاءة illuminating مضيء
repeat يكرر repetition تكرار repetitive متكرر
Words that go together

a massive project مشروع هائل a work of engineering عمل هندسي
geographical location موقع جغرافي building site موقع البناء
building materials مواد بناء building construction إنشاء المباني
ceramic tiles بلاط سيراميك road construction إنشاء الطرق
environmental pollution التلوث البيئي ultraviolet rays الأشعة فوق البنفسجية
infrared rays الأشعة تحت الحمراء investment opportunities فرص الاستثمار
encourage investments يشجع الاستثمارات foreign investment الاستثمار الأجنبي
massive efforts جهود هائلة remove obstacles يزيل العقبات
make a plan يضع خطة dominate the headlines تتصدر عناوين الأخبار


Read the following passage carefully:

Building and engineering
Egypt has many amazing works of engineering, both ancient and modern. At the south of Aswan, for example, Abu Simbel is the site of two temples which were carved into a cliff in about 1250 BCE. The larger temple was positioned so that at certain times of the year, the rays of the rising sun would illuminate the statues of Ptah, Amun-Re, Ramses II and Re-Horakhty.
In 1954, the government decided to build the Aswan High Dam. This meant that the Nile Valley would be flooded and that Abu Simbel itself would be under water. It was unthinkable that Egypt should lose one of its most important monuments, so plans were made to rescue it.
The massive statues were cut into pieces which weighed over 30 tonnes each. These were raised over 60 metres up the cliff, where they were attached to a concrete base. The work took thousands of workers and more than three years to complete. Today, the temples, which were re-opened in 1968, are an amazing combination of ancient and modern engineering.
Many years after the building of Abu Simbel, China had a different problem which was solved by another great engineering project. Many years ago, enemies were attacking the rich towns of northern China. The emperor decided to keep the attackers out, so work on the Great Wall of China began in 220 BCE and continued for hundreds of years. Eventually, the wall reached a length of 6,400 km. It is the longest structure ever built and was all made without machines. Its five-meter width is wide enough for soldiers to ride along on horses to stop attackers from climbing over the wall.
Definitions:

commuter someone who regularly travels to work, especially a long distance
diameter a line that goes from one side of a circle to the other and passes through the centre
engineering the work of designing the way roads, bridges, machines, etc. are built
investment something that you buy because it will be valuable or useful later
massive very big
base a low hard surface on which other things can be built/the lowest part or surface of something
carve to cut something, especially stone or wood, into a particular shape
cliff a high steep rock or piece of land
illuminate to make light shine on something
monument a large structure that is built to remind people of an important event or famous person
positioned put something or someone in a place
raise to move or lift something to a higher position
rays narrow beams شعاع of light or energy from the sun
unthinkable impossible to imagine or accept

Language Notes:

commute from .. to .. / commute between .. and … يسافر يوميا الي مكان العمل ومنه
commute يُخفف العقوبة
travel يسافر أو السفر عموما

• Remind someone to do something / Remind someone of something يذكر شخص بشيء
● Remember = يتذكر •remember about يتذكر عن
•I can’t remember her name.يتذكر
• Please, remind me to bring my camera.
• He reminded me of my promise. • Remember me to your family. بلغ تحياتي إلى الأسرة
•Compare ..to يُشبه شيء بآخر
• Poets often compare sleep to death.
•Compare ..with يقارن شيء بشيء آخر من نفس النوع
• The police compared the suspect's fingerprints with those found at the crime scene.
•Compared to/with بالمقارنة بـ
• Compared to our small flat, Bill's house seemed like a palace.

•in comparison (with/to something)
• In comparison to/with other video games, this one isn't very exciting.

•excuse= forgive someone for doing something يعذر
• I'll excuse you this time, but don't be late again. • Please excuse my bad handwriting.
• Please excuse me for being so late today.
•تستخدم excuse me في عدة حالات:
1-عندما نريد أن نوجه سؤالا الي شخص:
• Excuse me, can you tell me the way to the museum, please?
2-عندما نخبر شخص أننا نريد مغادرة مكان:

• Excuse me a moment. I'll be right back.
3-عندما لا نتفق مع شخص بطريقة مهذبة:
• Excuse me, but I don't think that's the right answer.

•لاحظ استخدام الاسم بعد حرف الجر in فيما يلي
3 metres in height 5 inches in length 5 centimetres in depth

•وفي حالة عدم وجود حرف جر نستخدم الصفة
3 metres high 5 inches long 5 centimetres deep

•وعند استخدام الصفات من الأسماء الدالة علي الاتجاهات ، لا نستخدم the:
وهذه الصفات هي northern/ southern / western / eastern
• Alexandria is located in northern Egypt. = in the north of Egypt
•لاحظ الاختصارات الآتية :
•BCE = Before the Christian Era = BC (Before Christ) قبل العصر المسيحي (قبل الميلاد)
•CE =Common Era / the Christian Era = AD (Anno Domini) بعد الميلاد

•Ever + PP. = that have (has) ever been + PP
• The Great Wall of China is the longest structure ever built.
= It is the longest structure that has ever been built.
• It's the largest picture ever painted.
= It is the largest picture that has ever been painted.

Words often confused:

•lose (v) يفقد / يضيع / يخسر
•loss فقدان / خسارة
•loose غير محكم / غير مثبت جيدا / مفكوك

•illuminate يضيء / ينير •eliminate يمحو / يزيل / يستبعد / يهزم
•The streets were illuminated with coloured lights.
•Our team was eliminated in the first round.
•We should try to eliminate illiteracy in Egypt.
•Size حجم •Diameter قُطر
• I was amazed at the size of their garden.
• The diameter of the Earth is about 13,000 km.

•Know = have information about something يعرف
• There are instructions telling you everything you need to know.
• I have known him for years.
•recognize يتعرف علي / يعترف بـ (رسمياً)
• I didn't recognize you in your uniform.
• British medical qualifications are recognized in Canada.

● Listen to يستمع أو يصغي بانتباه ● Hear يسمع بدون قصد
•He listened to the news on the radio.
•She heard some noise outside.
•Raise your voice, please. I can't hear you.

● Cost يكلف ● Pay يدفع ● Charge يفرض أو يطلب ثمنا
• How much does a house like that cost in America?
• Can I pay by credit card?
• The restaurant charged us 40 pounds for the meal.

● historic هام من الناحية التاريخية
● historical هام من الناحية التاريخية / مرتبط بدراسة التاريخ
Historic / historical monuments آثار تاريخية
Historical research أبحاث في التاريخ
Exercises on Vocabulary and Language Notes:
1- The factory plans to (resist – arrest - invest – detest) in new computers.
2- The rock was cut (into – with – of – at) a rectangular shape.
3- The quickest way to get to the city centre is to (come – do – travel – take) an underground train.
4- Some people (communicate - commute – complain – compete) long distances while others work close to home.
5- A journey on the underground (costs – pays – gives – makes) one pound.
6- People can (keep – waste – save – develop) money by travelling on the underground.
7- The ancient temple's (massive – active – alive – alternative) stone pillars had begun to crumble ينهار.
8- The first line of the Paris Metro system (started – opened – destroyed – made) in 1900.
9- My father studied (engineer – engineers – engineered – engineering) at university and has designed many important bridges.
10- Education is a/an (investment – wish – desire - demand) in the future of a country and its young people.
11- Nearly four million (competitors – commuters – contractors – conductors) travel to and from London every day.
12- The Great Wall of China was a/an (investment – conservative – contemporary – massive) project which took hundreds of years to complete.
13- That tunnel has a (size – diameter – weight – price) of 7 metres.
14- The height of the (street – stiff – staff – cliff) is 25 metres.
15- The artist (harvested - carved – curved – starved) the sculpture from a massive piece of stone.
16- At night, bright lights always (illuminate – eliminate – contaminate – originate) the front of the palace.
17- If you want to ask the teacher a question, you should (rise – arouse – rise – raise) your hand.
18- The Sphinx is (postponed – possessed – preceded – positioned) near the Pyramids at Giza.
19- The statue of the pharaoh is a famous ancient (moment – memory – monument – mount).
20- The statue is built on a hard (basic – base – case – brass) made of concrete.
21- The (width – breadth – length – wealth) of the Great Wall of China is 6,400 kilometres.
22- The Great Pyramid is about 150 metres (height – weight – high – low).
23- A (minute – monument – moment – cement) is a large structure that is built to remind us of an important event or a famous person.
24- A cliff means high (racket – pocket – rock – stick).
25- To (carve – crave – achieve - activate) means to cut stone or wood into a particular shape.
26- To (bright – sight – fight – illuminate) is to make light shine on something.
27- To (erase – chase – raise – praise) is to move something to a higher position.
28- Many years ago, enemies were (attracting – attacking – attempting – attending) the rich towns of northern China.
29- Building the Aswan High Dam meant that the Nile Valley would be (fed – fled – flooded – defeated).
30- The massive statues were cut into pieces which (weighed – laid – paid – waited) over 30 tonnes each.
31- (Continually – Individually – Manually – Eventually), the wall reached a length of 6,400 km.
32- The work began in 220 BCE and (started – continued – opened – offered) for hundreds of years.
33- It was (unattainable – uncontrollable - unthinkable - uncountable) that Egypt should lose one of its most important monuments.
34- Today, the temples are an amazing (coronation – combination – communication – connection) of ancient and modern engineering.
35- Plans were (done – taken – made – given) to rescue the temples.
36- The work took more than 3 years (to complete –complete – completed – completing).
37- The government is trying to (attack – attend – attract – attain) more tourists to Egypt.
38- He walked fast because he didn't want to (lose – miss – loose – loss) the bus.
39- This is the greatest monument ever (discovery – discover – discovered – discovering).
40- The government should provide more money (with – for – at – on) education.

Find the mistake in each of the following sentences then write it correctly:
1- A transporter is someone who travels a long distance to work every day..
2- He infected his life savings in his daughter’s business.
3- The explosion made a passive hole in the ground.
4- The funnel goes under the Nile.
5- A strong economy depends on a healthy manufacturing basic.
6- The statue was possessed at the entrance of the castle.
7- The government has made a plan to rise taxes.
8- It was unthinking that she could be dead.
9- The earth is discriminated by the sun.
10- Keep away from the edge of the stiff - you might fall.
11- Egypt has many amazed works of engineering.
12- There are a lot of history monuments in Egypt.
13- The street is 50 metres length.
14- We should stop people pollute the environment.
15- The Great Wall of China was built to keep the attackers of.


.


Making deductions الاستنتاج
•في حالة التعبير عن الاستنتاج في المضارع نستخدم:
must  I am certain that he isn’t clever.
can’t He can’t be clever.
may + inf.
might  Perhaps she speaks German well.
could She may speak German well.

•أحيانا يمكن أن تعبر الجملة عن الاستمرار وفي هذه الحالة نستخدم:

Must  What is Ali doing in his room?
Can't I'm not sure. He may be studying.
May + be + V+ing  What is Linda doing?
Might She must be working on her computer.
could
•في حالة الاستنتاج في الماضي:


•Must have + PP. تعبر عن استنتاج مثبت مؤكد في الماضي
•Can’t have + PP. تعبر عن استنتاج منفي مؤكد في الماضي
•May have + PP. تعبر عن شيء ممكن أو محتمل في الماضي
•Might have + PP. تعبر عن شيء أقل احتمالا في الحدوث
•could have + PP. = may have / might have + PP



•واذا كانت الجملة تعبر عن الاستمرار نستخدم:

•Must have  What was he doing in the early morning?
•Can’t have He must have been doing the exercises.
•May have + been + V+ing  The light was on in his room after midnight.
•Might have He must have been studying.
•could have
•The streets are wet. It must have rained last night.
• He was here a minute ago. He can’t have gone too far.
• He doesn’t get the same train any more. He may have changed his job.
(=Perhaps he changed his job)
• I haven’t seen Melissa for ages. She might have moved. (=Perhaps she moved.)

• يمكن استخدام could بدلا من may / might :
• و يمكن أن تعبر could have + PP أيضا عن شيء كان من الممكن حدوثه ولكنه لم يحدث:
•Could have + PP.
• He hasn’t visited us for a long time. He could have been busy. (= He may/might have been busy)
• He was able to do the job but he didn’t.
He could have done the job.

Question tags
•السؤال المضاف للجملة معناه دائمـا "أليس كذلك؟"
•السؤال يكون عكس الجملة في الإثبات و النفي.
• في السؤال المضاف للجملة نستخدم دائما ضمير فاعل.
• Atef is a student, isn’t he? • Sara hasn’t got any money, has she?
•لاحظ الحالات الشاذة الآتية:
• تعبر let’s عن الاقتراح أما let us فتعبر عن طلب الإذن:
• Let’s go, shall we?
• Let us stay here, will you?
• في حالة وجـود am نستخدم في السؤال aren’t وفي حالة وجود am not نستخدم am:
• I am a teacher, aren’t I?
• I am not a lawyer, am I?
• لاحظ أن الكلمات everyone / someone / everybody / somebody / no one/ nobody يأتي بدلا منها في السؤال they:
• Everyone has done the homework, haven’t they?
• Everybody’s at the match, aren’t they?
• Nobody saw the robbers, did they?

• الكلمات something / everything / nothing يأتي بدلا منها في السؤال it:
• Something has happened, hasn’t it?
•الكلمات الآتية تعبر عن النفي ولذلك يكون السؤال مثبت:
seldom / never / scarcely / neither / little / few / hardly / rarely / no longer
• He no longer comes early, does he?
• There’s hardly any food, is there?
•في حالة الأمر المنفي نستخدم في السؤال will you :
• Don’t open the door, will you?
• في حالة الأمر المثبت نستخدم عادة won’t you و يمكن أيضا استخدام will you:
• Close that door, won’t you?
• لاحظ أن الجمل التي تبدأ بـ I think / I believe يكون السؤال المذيل على الجزء الثاني ولكن الجملة التي تبدأ بـ I don't think/I don't believe تعتبر منفية:
• I think Hala will win the race, won’t she?
•I don't think they are lazy, are they?
• لاحظ أننـا دائما نستخدم الاختصار في السؤال: don’t/didn’t/doesn’t/isn’t

•في حالة وجود have كفعل أساسي يمكن استخدام have أو do في السؤال:
• He has a car, doesn’t he? (OR : hasn’t he?)
•لاحظ استخدام Question tag مع التعبيرات الآتية :
•You'd better leave, hadn't you?
•You'd rather go, wouldn't you?
•لاحظ استخدام there في السؤال المضاف للجملة :
• There isn't any milk in the fridge, is there?
•لاحظ استخدام it بدلا من this / that في السؤال :
• This is not right, is it?
•في حالة وجود IF يكون السؤال علي الجزء الثاني من الجملة(جواب الشرط) :
• If she doesn't have a map, she'll get lost, won't she?
•في حالة وجود أكثر من فعل مساعد في الجملة نستخدم أول فعل مساعد في السؤال :
• They should have come earlier, shouldn't they?

Grammar Exercises:
1- Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d
1. He (must have – can't have – didn't have – can have) missed his train. He's usually late.
2. His watch (must have – might have – could have – can't have) cost a lot of money. It's made of plastic.
3. It (can't have – will have – must have – didn't have) been very windy during the night. There are branches all over the ground.
4. Tunnelling under the Nile (must have – may have – can't have – might have) been easy. I'm sure it was difficult.
5. My father (didn't have – won't have – shall have – must have) walked to work this morning. His car is still in the garage.
6. He can't walk. He (must – mustn't – shouldn't – won't) be ill.
7. He spends so much money. He (can't – shouldn't – must – won't) be rich.
8. You (can't have – must have – should have – will have) finished that book already. You bought it only yesterday and it is very long.
9. A: I don't know where my school bag is, Mum? B: It's not here. You (mustn't – can't – might – won't) have left it on the train.
10. A: Look, Hesham's keys are on the table. B: He (must have - can't have – might have – may have) seen them when he left this morning.
11. A: I rang you this morning, but you didn't answer. B: Sorry, I (can't – might not – may not – must) have been asleep.
12. A: He's only been in the laboratory for ten minutes. B: Surely he (must – can't – might – may) have finished the experiment already.
13. A: Ali fell off his bike this morning. Do you know if he's OK? B: His mother says he (might – will – can – didn't) have broken his arm.
14. He (can't have – mustn't have – must have – should have) been injured. There was blood on his face.
15. The streets are wet. It (must rain – can't rain – must have rained – should have rained) last night.
16. Mona is never late, (is she – isn't she – won't she – will she)?
17. I'm not rich enough to buy that car, (aren't I – don't I – can I – am I)?
18. Not everyone enjoys sport, (do they – don't they – didn't he – does he)?
19. Let's go out tonight, (will you – won't you – should we – shall we)?
20. She'd rather not sign the cheque, (did she – hadn't she – wouldn't she – would she)?
Find the mistake in each of the following sentences then write it correctly:
1- He can't be rich. He owns two cars and a large house.
2- He must be ill. He eats like a horse.
3- You've been travelling all day. You can't be tired.
4- They haven't lived here for very long. They must know many people.
5- Ali hasn't contacted me. He mustn't have got my message.
6- She must be here. I know for certain that she's away on holiday.
7- She must have arrived. I'm not sure.
8- She must have arrived yet. It's much too early.
9- I can't find the theatre tickets. They must fall out of my pocket.
10- I could go out but I didn't feel like it, so I stayed at home.
11- A: What do you think of my theory? B: I'm not sure. You must be right.
12- A: Do you know where Hala is? B: No, I suppose she should have gone shopping.
13- He doesn't speak Arabic. He must be Egyptian.
14- He never does any work, but he's always at the top of his class. He can't be very clever.
15- Tom might have written this letter because it is in French and he doesn't know French.
16- He mustn't have seen the accident. He was ill in bed when it happened.
17- She's been arrested for murder, isn't she?
18- She rarely reads the papers, hasn't she?
19- Neither of them attended the meeting, didn't they?
20- They dug the well a week ago, don't they?


Language to deduce information

Why do you think (they built the Suez Canal)? I think they must have (built it to make travelling by sea easier).
How do you think (they built the Suez Canal)? Well, they might have used (thousands of workers).
What problems and difficulties do you think there were in (building..)? I'm sure it can't have been easy.
Surely, it must have cost a lot of money.



Test on Unit 7

A- Language Functions
1- Respond to the following situations:
1- Your friend phoned you several times, but you didn't answer.
2- Your brother asks you how they built the Great Wall of China.
3- Someone asks you why the Pyramids were built.
4- You suddenly find out that there is no money in your pocket. You make a deduction.

2- Mention the place, the speakers and the language function in the following two mini-dialogues:
1- A: Your ticket and passport, please.
B: Here you are.
A: Would you like a window seat or an aisle seat?,
B: A window seat, please.

2- A: Have you got anything to declare, sir?
B : Just these two laptops.
A: You'll have to pay 300 pounds.


B- Vocabulary and Structure
3- Choose the correct answer:
1- The tunnel has a (diameter – size – circle - weight) of over eight metres.
2- The underground in Cairo has made it more attractive (to – with – from - of) business people and tourists.
3- Egyptians compare the Cairo underground system (for – with – at - in) those in London and Paris.
4- The Egyptian man feels very (sad – pessimistic – unconfident – proud) of the underground system.
5- Foreign (investment – commitment – agreement – appointment) in Egypt rose by 7% last year.
6- The computer is capable of storing (aggressive – decisive - massive - depressive) amounts of information.
7- A (commuter – babysitter – plumber - toddler) is someone who travels a long distance to work every day.
8- The Great Wall of China is 6,400 kilometres (length – beneath – long – strength).
9- Passing his driving test (shall – can – must – mustn't) have made Ahmed happy.
10- Ali was not at the meeting. He (must – can't – shouldn't – might) have read my e-mail in which I asked him to come.
11- He (must – can – will – might) have rung yesterday evening, but I'm not sure.
12- He (can't have – should have – shall have – have) finished that book already. I lent it to him only two hours ago.
13- The Cairo underground (can't have – couldn't have – might not have - must have) saved people a lot of money. It's cheaper than any other means of transport.
14- It (can't have – should have – could have – may have) been cheap. It's made of gold.
15- The Cairo underground (didn't have – shouldn't have - must have – have) made travelling around Cairo easier.
16- She (must have - might have – have to have – doesn't have) rung me this morning. I'm not sure.

4- Find the mistake in each of the following sentences then write it correctly:
1- The pieces of the statues were attached to a concrete basic.
2- At certain times of the year, the sun eliminates the statue of Ramses II.
3- The temple was curved into a cliff.
4- There can't have been a thunderstorm. The streets are covered in sand.
5- Ali must have forgotten. He's got very good memory.
6- He must have behaved badly. I'm not sure.

C- Reading Comprehension

5- Read the passage then answer the questions: (June, 2006)
Count me out
Call me old-fashioned. Call me old. Call me what you want, but I refuse to become part of this new Internet world. I don't possess a computer at home or at the office. Actually, I stopped going to an office 35 years ago, when all communications were done in a relaxed manner, with a pen, a typewriter, or, if the matter was of world-shaking importance, over the telephone. Tell me what you think of the following ad that appeared the other day in the newspaper. It was for a cure for cancer and this is what it said: "Awareness is the key. Visit spfulford.com at the awareness site." There was no address or telephone number for the site. So what do unfortunate people without a computer do if they are seeking a cure for their illness?
There are, I am told, certain advantages in having access to the latest marvel of the age, the Internet. There are activities for Internet users besides having fun. They can pay bills, order groceries, or discuss illness with their doctor. In the future the Internet may develop "consciousness." In other words, the Internet will be able to think, have feelings, and may well be able to act on its own. If this is right, I may change my attitude about computers. As I grow older each day, I would like a gadget that not only thinks for me but also accepts responsibility for all my mistakes.


A. Answer the following questions
1-What did the writer think was wrong with the Internet ad for a cancer cure?
2-What are three things that people do on the Internet?
3-Which of the writer's points of view do you disagree with? Explain your reason in one sentence of your own.
B) Choose the correct answer:
4-The Internet may develop "consciousness" means it will be able to---------------.
a) cure diseases b) take responsibility for our action
c) cure diseases d) think for the writer
5-When the writer was younger, people communicated with each other by-----------.
a) advertising on the web. b) writing letters or talking on the phone.
c) communicating with computers. d) using mobile telephones.

6- Read the passage then answer the questions:
With the introduction of the Internet into our daily lives, we have changed from a society that works from 8 to 2 pm into a twenty-four hour society. You can buy your grocery at midnight, book your holiday on the internet at 3 am and do business online at dawn.
Before you join the 24-hour revolution, take a minute to listen to what your body is trying to tell you. This "round the clock" lifestyle is not what the Great Creator intended for us.
In an area of our brains, we have a "body clock" that controls our body's natural rhythms. It tells us when it is the right time to eat, sleep, work or play. It plays an important part in our physical and psychological well-being. It is, in fact, what makes us control many things including our hormones, temperatures, immune system and activity. If we try to ignore our body clocks, or even to switch them off for a while, we run the risk of seriously damaging our health. Accordingly, we need to have a daily routine.

A) Answer the following questions:
1- Mention TWO only of the functions of the "body clock"?
2- Are you for or against the daily routine? Why?
3- What does "It" in the third paragraph refer to?

B) Choose the correct answer:
4- A 24-hour society means a society that works ……………………….
a) day and night b) day only c) night only d) from 8 pm to 2 pm
5- If you switch off your "body clock", …………………………. .
a) you'll miss the train b) you'll damage your health
c) you won't attend the match d) you'll be late for school
D- Writing
8-Write a paragraph of about 100 words about: (June, 2006)
"Thinking about the future"
What will life be like then? Will it be better, worse or the same as now? Think about: technology, medicine, education, food, work and people.

9- A) Translate into Arabic: (June, 2006)
In her speech entitles, "Culture: The Most Effective Language of Peace", Mrs. Mubarak assured that definitions of peace vary. For many, it means absence of war and violence, while others see that it represents the quest for inner peace and security. But for many more, peace is a prerequisite for development and democracy.

B) Translate into Arabic:

1- حصلت مصر علي كأس الأمم الأفريقية هذا العام، محققة بذلك إنجازا عظيما.
2- لابد أن نعيد النظر في الخريطة السكانية لمصر ونشجع الناس علي الانتقال إلي المدن الجديدة.