الوحدة 15 لغة انجليزية الثانى الثانوى Unit 15: Off the beaten track

Unit 15: Off the beaten track

Key Vocabulary

abandon = leave يهجر / يترك monastery دير
off the beaten track بعيدا عن الاماكن المألوفة site موقع
inhabitants سكان monuments آثار
persuade يحاول أن يقنع tombs مقابر
persuasion اقناع / حث temples معابد
settle down يستقر / يستوطن irrigate يروى
settlement مستوطنة / تسوية irrigation رى
spring ينبوع ماء history تاريخ
supply = provide يزود / يمد beauty جمال
supplies امدادات / مؤن oasis واحة
landscape منظر طبيعى agricultural زراعى
traveller مسافر museum متحف

Vocabulary

mosque مسجد / جامع wildlife الحياة البرية
church كنيسة limited محدود
palace قصر fox ثعلب
waterwheels سواقى المياه wolf ذئب
artefacts قطع أثرية Christian مسيحى
scenery منظر طبيعى جميل protect يحمى
forever الى الأبد treasures كنوز
naturally بشكل طبيعى remain يظل / يبقى
regularly بانتظام fertile خصيب
clearly بوضوح / من الواضح tourists سياح
lakes بحيرات hills تلال
normally بشكل طبيعى ancestors جدود
archaeologist عالم آثار location موقع
permanent job وظيفة دائمة travel agent وكيل سفريات
pond بركة travel agency وكالة سفر
palm trees أشجار النخيل newly discovered مكتشف حديثا
rethink يعيد التفكير فى tourist site موقع سياحى
a period of time فترة من الوقت grand كبير
attract يجذب traditional style أسلوب تقليدى
attractions مناطق جذب nature الطبيعة
air conditioning تكيف الهواء huge ضخم
floods فيضانات nature lover محب للطبيعة
disagreements خلافات man-made من صنع الانسان
square مربع convince يقنع
(1)
bank ضفة النهر restaurant مطعم
overland برا / عن طريق البر historian مؤرخ
experts خبراء The Middle East الشرق الأوسط
crowds جماهير lift يرفع
coastal town مدينة ساحلية experience خبرة / تجربة فى الحياة
monk راهب population سكان

Prepositions, Idioms & Expressions

get to يصل الى give attention to يعطى اهتماما بـ
far away from بعيد عن home to موطن لـ
above sea level فوق مستوى سطح البحر in the centre of فى وسط
all over Egypt فى كل أنحاء مصر attractive to جذاب لـ
reach a settlement يتوصل الى تسوية a centre for مركز لـ
at any time فى أى وقت over time بمرور الوقت
be cut into hills محفور فى التلال consist of يتكون من
supply with يزود بـ settle down يستقر
provide with يزود بـ famous for مشهور بـ
the furthest from الأبعد عن on the east bank على الضفة الشرقية
for sure بالتأكيد above sea level فوق مستوى سطح البحر

Antonyms كلمات و عكسها

Word Antonym
natural طبيعى unnatural غير طبيعى
limited محدود unlimited غير محدود
supply عرض demand طلب
popular مخبوب unpopular غير محبوب
famous مشهور unknown مجهول
beauty الجمال ugliness القبح

Derivatives المشتقات

Verb Noun Adjective
abandon يهجر / يترك abandonment هجر abandoned مهجور
inhabit يسكن inhabitant ساكن inhabited مسكون
persuade يقنع persuasion اقناع persuasive مقنع
settle يستقر / يستوطن settlement تسوية / مستوطنة settled مستقر
irrigate يروى irrigation رى irrigated مروى
travel يسافر traveller مسافر / رحالة
agriculture زراعة agricultural زراعى
beautify يجمل beauty جمال beautiful جميل
(2)
Confusable Words

 historic / historical:
 historic: ذو أهمية تاريخية
historic building مبنى / place مكان / event حدث / moment لحظة / day يوم/
date تاريخ / site موقع / occasion مناسبة
 historical: مرتبط بدراسة التاريخ
historical research بحث / papers أبحاث / studies دراسات / plays مسرحيات /
films أفلام / novels روايات / events أحداث / sites مواقع / places أماكن

 hard / hardly:
 hard:(adj.) (v. to be صلب / صعب (تأتى قبل الاسم الموصوف و بعد
- Iron الحديد is a hard material.
- There were a lot of hard questions in the exam.
 hard: (adv.) باجتهاد (تأتى بعد الفعل الأساسى)
- They always had to work very hard to earn their living.
 hardly: (adv.) almost no بالكاد / تقريبا (تدل على النفى)
تأتى قبل الفعل الأساسى و غالبا يسبقها can / could أو يليها ever / any
- I could hardly hear her at the back.
- We hardly ever go to concerts.
- I have hardly any money left.

 like / alike / as:
 like: مثل (تفيد التشبيه) / على سبيل المثال
- We are very fond of Mary. She is like a daughter to us.
- I like colours like white and red.
- He is like his father, but taller.
 alike: similar متشابه / على نمط أو منوال واحد
- The children all look very alike.
- My father treated us all alike.
 as: (suchكـ (يليها مهنة) / مثلما (تدل على الطريقة) / مثل (يسبقها
- After his degree, he soon found a job as a journalist.
- My uncle advised me to do as he does, and grow my own vegetables.
- I like colours such as white and red.

Language Notes

 track:
keep track of يتتبع lose track of يفقد تتبع
off the beaten track نائى / منعزل on the right track فى الطريق الصحيح
on the wrong track فى الطريق الخطأ make tracks for home يعود الى المنزل
be on the track of يتعقب

 be located: lie تقع
- St. Catherine located in the centre of Sinai.

(3)
 have gone: disappeared تختفى
- Some ancient Egyptian cities have gone under desert sand.

 persuade + مفعول + to + مصدر: يقنع
- He persuaded me to buy a new mobile phone.

 as long as: if طالما / اذا
- You can stay in the flat as long as you pay the rent.

 mind + اسم / v. + ing: يمانع
- Do you mind the smell of the tobacco?
- Would you mind opening the window?

 be used to + مصدر: يستخدم لـ
- Wood is used to make furniture.

 be used for + v. + ing: يستخدم لـ
- Wood is used to make furniture.

 لا حظ أن كلمة oasis مفرد و يأتى الفعل معها فى صيغة المفرد و جمعها oases
- Dakhla Oasis has a population of 75,000 people.

 لاحظ أن كلمة water اسم لا يعد و تعامل معاملة المفرد
- Water from the Nile is used to irrigate farmers' fields.

 يأتى بعد كلمة many اسم جمع و يأتى معها الفعل جمع
- Many visitors to Egypt are interested in the history of the Pyramids.

 يأتى مع الفاعل الجمع فعل فى صيغة الجمع فى زمن المضارع
- A monastery is a building where monks live.

 Choose the correct answer:
1- Dakhla is not like other oases because it is above (water-sea level-the ocean-the ground).
2- It's not difficult to get to Dakhla as long as you don't (mind-remind-brain-remember) a long bus or taxi journey.
3- Before road builders built roads across the desert, (hard-harder-almost-hardly) any visitors came to Dakhla.
4- (Doctors-Architects-Archaeologists-Historians) have found a tomb near El-Minya.
5- Most travellers to Egypt visit the famous (cites-sites-pots-sighs) in Cairo and Upper Egypt.
6- Egypt has many interesting (history-historian-historical-ugly) places to visit.
7- The monastery of St. Catherine (locates-is located-located-locating) in the centre of Sinai.
8- Fayoum Oasis is a very fertile (cultural-educational-agricultural-artificial) area.
9- Fayoum water wheels were designed to (lift-leave-left-rise) water from the river to the fields.
10- What makes a place (attract-attracted-attraction-attractive) to tourists?
11- He gave all his (historian-historic-history-historical) papers to the library.
(4)
12- Most travellers to Egypt visit the (antiquities-antibodies-antibiotics-antiseptics) in Cairo and Upper Egypt.
13- Sinai is (house-building-home-country) to wildlife such as the fox and the wolf.
14- Many of the Siwan women wear their (usual-original-local-traditional) clothes and jewellery.
15- The ancient Egyptians left us many wonderful (minutes-museums-monuments-moments) such as the statue of Amenhotep at Luxor.
16- My friend lives in a (remote-near-close-nearby) village. It is very difficult to visit him.
17- The (landmark-landlady-landscape-scenes) along the banks of the Nile is very beautiful.
18- My family lives in a big city, so we always go to the (countryside-courtyard-graveyard-court) for our holidays.
19- If you travel by train, you can relax and enjoy the (scene-sight-scenery-sightseeing).
20- A (monument-moment-museum-minute) is an old building or place that is very important.
21- A (mountain-top-tame-tomb) is a place where a dead person is buried.
22- He didn't mind (to go-going-go-goes) to the theatre with us.
23- St. Catherine in Sinai is a (palace-tomb-monastery-fortress).
24- The Giza Pyramids are (historically-history-historian-historic) buildings.
25- The Siwa Oasis (situates-situated-are situated-is situated) in the Western Desert.
26- Sinai has some of the most beautiful (landscapes-landfills-landslides-landfalls) in Egypt.
27- People often climb mountains in Sinai to look at the beautiful (countryside-scenery-border-citadel).
28- My uncle owns a hotel (at-on-off-with) the beaten track.
29- There are thousands of historical places all (under-above-below-over) Egypt.
30- There are ancient Roman (settlements-sentiments-statements-conclusions) all over Europe and the Middle East.
31- Hamid tried to (pretend-persuade-predict-protect) his friend to lend him his bike, but he refused.
32- Many of the (inhabitants-family-men-livers) of cities live in large blocks of flats.
33- It's quite difficult to find my family's village. It's really off the beaten (truck-trick-track).
34- In last year's floods, thousands of people had to (live-inhabit-design-abandon) their homes.
35- Last year, farmers in our region (supplied-built-replied-sold) the supermarkets with all their milk, cheese and meat.
36- Travellers have to take (treasures-supplies-palaces-bottles) of food and water when they cross the Sahara Desert.
37- The two families finally reached a (settlement-dispute-quarrel-battle) after years of disagreement.
38- Although he was quite busy, Ali didn't need much (persuasion-presentation-prevention-protection) to come to the beach with us.
(5)
39- Many people (settle-stay-live-leave) down in their twenties or early thirties.
40- Last year, we visited the (place-view-area-site) of an ancient settlement in the desert.

 Rewrite using the word(s) in brackets to give the same meaning:
1- An architect is one of the people who live in a place.
2- A settler is a place where a group of people live.
3- A string is a place where water comes naturally from the ground.
4- An island is a place in a desert where there are trees and water, which is normally provided by a spring.
5- A church is a building in which monks live.
6- Some travellers prefer a holiday off the beaten truck.
7- Dakhla is the furthest mountain from Egypt's main towns and cities.
8- Dakhla has a pollution of 75000 people.
9- Tel El-Amarna is one of the most famous sighs in El-Minya.
10- Tourists are so interested in visiting historian places.
11- Fayoum is famous for its watermelons.
12- A sit is a place where something important or interesting happened.
13- Landfill is a view across an area of land.
14- Biology is all things that happened in the past.
15- The cultural land around is Nile is very fertile.
16- Many visitor to Egypt are interested in the history of the Pyramids.
17- Dakhla is supplied of water by more than520 springs and ponds.

Grammar

The passive
المبنى للمجهول

 نستخدم المبنى للمجهول لكى تبين ما تكون مهتما به أكثر:
- My friend painted that picture last year. (You are interested in the friend.)
- The picture was painted by my friend last year.
(You are interested in the picture.)
 نستخدم المبنى للمجهول عندما لا تعرف أو ليس من المهم أن تعرف من قام بالحدث:
- Two books have been taken from our classroom.
(We do not know who took them.)
- Before roads were built across the desert, few visitors came to this town.
(It doesn't matter who built the roads.)
 نستخدم المبنى للمجهول عندما يكون واضحا من قام بالحدث:
- They were arrested at the airport. (Only police officers can arrest people.)

Present simpleالمضارع البسيط
Active مبنى للمعلوم Passive مبنى للمجهول
inf. مصدر / inf. مصدر+s/es
-Someone cleans this room every day. am/is/are + pp
- This room is cleaned every day.
(6)
Present continuous المضارع المستمر
Active مبنى للمعلوم Passive مبنى للمجهول
am/is/are + v. + ing
- Somebody is mending my car. am/is/are + being +pp
- My car is being mended.

Past simple الماضى البسيط
Active مبنى للمعلوم Passive مبنى للمجهول
التصريف الثانى للفعل
Somebody painted this room yesterday. was/ were + pp
This room was painted yesterday.

Past continuous الماضى المستمر
Active مبنى للمعلوم Passive مبنى للمجهول
was / were + v. + ing
-Somebody was washing the dishes when I arrived. was/were + being + pp
-The dishes were being washed when I arrived.

Present perfect المضارع التام
Active مبنى للمعلوم Passive مبنى للمجهول
Has /have + pp
- Somebody has planted some trees. has/have +been + pp
- Some trees have been planted.

Past perfect الماضى التام
Active مبنى للمعلوم Passive مبنى للمجهول
had + pp
-When Mr Ali arrived, she found that thieves had broken into her shop. had + been + pp
- When Mrs Ali arrived, she found that her shop had been broken into.

Future simple المستقبل البسيط
Active مبنى للمعلوم Passive مبنى للمجهول
will/shall + inf.
-The company will build new house here next year. will/shall + be + pp
-New houses will be built here next year.

Be going to سوف
Active مبنى للمعلوم Passive مبنى للمجهول
be going to + inf.
- My boss is going to give us a rise be going to + be + pp
- We are going to be given a rise.

Simple modals الأفعال الناقصة البسيطة
will / would / shall / should /can / could / may / might / has to / have to / had to / will have to / be to / needn’t / must / ought to / used to / going to


(7)
Active مبنى للمعلوم Passive مبنى للمجهول
Modal + inf.
- We may find more oil Modal + be + pp
- More oil may be found.

Perfect modals الأفعال الناقصة التامة
Active مبنى للمعلوم Passive مبنى للمجهول
Modal + have + pp
-Someone must have opened the door. Modal + have + been + pp
- The door must have been opened.

ملاحظات:
 لا يمكن استخدام الأفعال اللازمة (التى لا تأخذ مفعول به) فى صيغة المبنى للمجهول:
- She walked for three hours.
فعل لازم) walk (لايمكن استخدام صيغة المبنى للمجهول للأن الفعل
 إذا كانت الجملة منفية بـ don't / doesn't نستخدم am not / is not / aren't + p.p. أما اذا كانت منفية بـ didn't نستخدم wasn't / weren't + p.p.
- The police don’t allow big cars into the city centre. (Big cars…..)
Big cars aren’t allowed into the city centre.
- Mr David doesn’t allow smoking in his office. (Smoking….)
Smoking isn’t allowed in Mr David’s office.
- Tom didn’t answer exam. (The exam….)
The exam wasn’t answered by Tom.
 إذا كانت الجملة تبدأ بـ Nobody / No one نحول ever إلى never إن وجدت. و فى حالة عدم و جودها ننفى بـ not
- Nobody has ever beaten me at chess. (I….)
I have never been beaten at chess.
- No one must ever break the law. (The law…..)
The law must never be broken.
 إذا كانت الجملة تحتوى على مفعولين يمكن أن نبدأ بالمفعول الأول أو الثانى.
- He gave me a nice camera. (I / A nice camera)
I was given a nice camera.
A nice camera was given to me.
عندم نبدأ بالمفعول الثانى نستخدم حرف الجر to أو for
الأفعال التى تأخذ حرف الجر to هى:
give يعطى / offer يقدم / pass يمرر / write يكتب / sell يبيع / bring يحضر / show يبين / lend يسلف / read يقرأ / hand يسلم / deliver يوصل / tell يخبر / owe يدين / pay يدفع
الأفعال التى تأخذ حرف الجر for هى:
fetch يحضر / build يبنى / get يحصل على / find يجد / buy يشترى / save يوفر / leave يترك keep يحتفظ بـ / call يدعو / cut يقطع / make يعمل / book يحجز
 يمكن أن نستخدم الفعل get بدلا من verb to be عند التحويل إلى مبنى للمجهول خاصة مع التصريف الثالث من الأفعال الآتية:
catch يقبض على - arrest يقبض على - damage يدمر
destroy يدمر - kill يقتل - marry يتزوج- burn يحرق - beat يهزم
- The police caught the bank robbers. (got)
The bank robbers got caught.
(8)
 الأفعال آلاتية make/see/hear/watch يليها مفعول ثم مصدر و عند التحويل إلى مبنى للمجهول نستخدم to قبل المصدر.
- He saw them go out. (They…….)
They were seen to go out.
 نحول let إلى allowed to عند التحويل إلى مبنى للمجهول.
- He let me go. (I….)
I was allowed to go.
 فى حالة وجود ظرف (adv.) يوضع قبل التصريف الثالث.
- You must plan your work carefully. (Your work….)
Your work must be carefully planned.
 فى حالة الأفعال المتبوعة بـ (to + inf.) نستخدم (to be + p.p.) عند التحويل إلى مبنى للمجهول.
- I want you to tell me the truth. (be)
I want to be told the truth.
 فى حالة الأفعال المتبوعة بـ (v.+ ing) نستخدم(being + p.p.) فى المبنى للمجهول.
- I hate people telling me lies. (being)
I hate being told lies.
 إذا كان الفاعل و المفعول واحد نستخدم ضمير منعكس (myself / himself / herself / yourself / yourselves / themselves / itself / ) ثم be ثم pp.
- He doesn’t let others laugh at him. (be)
He doesn’t let himself be laughed at.
 هناك تعبيرات فى المبنى للمجهول تبدأ بـ it أو فاعل الجملة الثانية

1- It + be (فى زمن فعل 1 )+ p.p.من فعل 1 ) ) + that + باقى الجملة
2- فاعل 2+ be ((فى زمن فعل 1 + p.p.((من فعل 1 + to +………………..
1- نستخدم المصدر بعد to إذا كان الفعل الثانى مضارع بسيط أو مستقبل
2- نستخدمhave + p.p. بعد toإذا كان الفعل الثانى ماضى
Examples:
1- People say that he is a spy. (It / He)
It is said that he is a spy.
He is said to be a spy.
2- People expect that prices will go down. (It / Prices)
It is expected that prices will go down.
Prices are expected to go down.
3- The police think that he killed the woman. (It / He)
It is thought that he killed (had killed / has killed) the woman.
He is thought to have killed the woman.

خطوات تحويل الجملة من مبنى للمجهول إلى مبنى للمعلوم:
1- نحذف by و نبدأ بما يليها و اذا لم توجد نبدأ بفاعل مناسب.
2- نحذف v. to be و نضع الفعل فى نفس زمن v. to be المحذوف.
3- الفاعل يصبح مفعولا بعد الفعل.
- English is spoken in many countries in Africa. (People)
People speak English in many countries in Africa.
- The metro is being extended. (Engineers)
Engineers are extending the metro.
(9)
- The house has been painted. (We)
We have painted the house.
- Some letters were typed. (The secretary…)
The secretary typed some letters.
- What had been achieved wasn’t expected. (We………)

 Choose the correct answer:
1- This delicious cake (was brought-brought-was bringing-is bringing) here by Samia.
2- (They are thinking-It is thought-They were thought-They was thought) that girls do better at school than boys.
3- I (taught-had taught-were taught-was taught) to always keep my room tidy.
4- More electricity (will use-will be using-will be used-will have used) run the new factories.
5- Somebody (cleans-is cleaned-was cleaned-has been cleaned) the room every day.
6- Lunch (was served-was serving-had served-was being served) when we arrived.
7- Don't let yourself (be laughed at-laughed at-laugh at-were laughed at).
8- I don't mind (helped-being helped-helping-having helped) by others.
9- When he returned home he found that his jewels (had stolen-were stealing-had been stolen-has been stealing).
10- Paper (invented-was invented-was inventing-had invented) by the Chinese in the 2nd century.
11- The men (have been dug-were dug-are dug-have dug) a hole in the road.
12- Gulliver's Travels (wrote-was written-was writing-had written) by Jonathan Swift.
13- Houses (designed-are designing-were designing-are designed) to be warm in winter and cool in summer.
14- Our car (is being repaired-is repairing-has repaired-was repaired) this week.
15- These flats (was built-were built-has been buit-built) in 1965.
16- We (have invited-have been inviting-are inviting-have been invited) to a party at the weekend.
17- I expect we'll (telling-be told-told-tells) where to go.
18- (People are known-It is known-People known-It is knowing) that people have lived in the desert for thousands of years.
19- (It is believed-It believe- that wolves and foxes were hunted in Sinai 3,000 years ago.
20- Jonathan Swift (wrote-was written-is written-has been written) Gulliver's Travels.

 Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write it correctly:
1- Dr Magdy Yacoub is admiring for his medical achievements.
2- Mail doesn't deliver mail on Christmas Day.
3- Mona was severely punishing by her mother.
4- More money will spent on education.
(10)
5- Tickets can be buy on the day of the concert.
6- He will be given a prize of the teacher.
7- A lot of projects are being carrying out in the New Delta.
8- I remember being giving advice.
9- He has never being accused of cheating.
10- The contract must have checked before signing it.
11- My car has been damaging in the car park.
12- I didn't told me that Maria won the race.
13- Bicycles was invented in the 19th century.
14- America was discovering by Columbus.
15- Today windmills are using to make electricity.
16- They are repaired the streets this month.
17- Dinner was being cooking when I arrived.
18- Karen is going to prepared the refreshments.
19- The secretary will have typing the letter before 5 pm.
20- I want to be telling the truth.
21- Doctors are say that smoking is bad for health.
22- The price of the holiday is expecting to rise by 5 % next year.
23- The thieves are believed to has got in through the kitchen window.
24- This house was designing to keep people cool and comfortable.
25- Most of the old part of the town has being abandoned.


Language Functions

Persuading someone to do something
إقناع شخص بعمل شيء معين

I recommend (going to / visiting / reading..)اننى أوصى (بالذهاب الى / بزيارة / قراءة ..)
You really must (visit / read / go to..) يجب فعلا أن( تذهب / تقرأ / تذهب الى ....)
Can't I persuade you to (visit / go to..) ألا يمكن أن أقنعك بأن (تزور / تذهب الى ...)
It would be a pity if you didn't (see / read / go to..)
سيكون من المؤسف اذا لم تكن قمت (برؤية / قراءة / الذهاب الى..)

Finding out more information
معرفة المزيد من المعلومات

 Can you tell me more about…? هل يمكن أن تخبرنى عن......؟
 What would I see there? ماذا سأرى هناك؟
 What is special about…? ما الشيء الذي يميز..؟
 How is …different from…? كيف يختلف ..... عن ...........؟



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Test 15 (Unit 15 + Chapter 7)

A) Language Functions

1- Respond to each of the following situations:
1- A friend is trying to persuade you to visit a place you have never heard of. You'd like more information about this place. What do you say?
2- You are trying to persuade a foreign friend to visit an interesting place which is off the beaten track. You think your friend will regret it if he or she doesn't go. What do you say?
3- A travel agent is trying to persuade you to go to a newly discovered tourist site. You want to know why this place is better than another. What do you ask?
4- You have met a foreign tourist who does not know your town. You think he or she would like this place even though it is off the beaten track. What do you say to persuade him or her?

2- Say where each of the following two mini-dialogues take place and who the speakers are:
1- A: So you want to borrow L.E. 200.000.
What do you want the money for? Place:
B: I want to buy some more land. Speaker A:
Thus I can expand my business. Speaker B:
A: Well, we can certainly lend you the money, but we’ll need to see a business plan and make sure you can pay the money back within the next five years.

2-A: Please fasten your seat belt and extinguish Place:
your cigarette. We’re landing. Speaker A:
B: Ok. I’m sorry. I didn’t see the sign. Speaker B:

B) Vocabulary & Structure

3- Choose the correct answer from a, b, c, or d:
1- The White Desert is so low that it is below …………………… .
a) water b) sea level c) the ocean d) the ground
2- The Electricity Company ………………… electricity to houses and businesses all over the country.
a) supplies b) gives c) takes d) carries
3- My …………… came from Syria two hundred years ago and settled in this town.
a) relatives b) ancestors c) family d) children
4- We went on a tour of Luxor and Aswan and there we saw many ancient …….
a) buildings b) places c) sites d) museums
5- The men had been travelling in the desert for days and they were extremely happy to come to an oasis and to drink the refreshing water of its ……………….
a) springs b) lakes c) oceans d) rivers
6- It was a ………….. event when Egypt won the African Football Championship.
a) real b) old c) important d) historic
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7- Some people say that there is not much …………. in the desert, but you can find some plants, as well as foxes, birds, snakes and many other animals.
a) animals b) wildlife c) there d) around
8- The ……………… of Siwa mainly make their money by producing oil from palm trees, selling figs, and through tourism.
a) family b) inhabitants c) men d) livers
9- The walls of St Catherine's Monastery ……………… to protect its treasure.
a) built b) are built c) were built d) were building
10- The tomb of the great king can still ………………….. .
a) seen b) be seen c) be watched d) have seen
11- The water wheels ……………….. to lift water from the river.
a) were designed b) designed c) are design d) were designing
12- People ……………. that this castle was built by a great Roman emperor.
a) are believed b) were believed c) are believing d) believe
13-survivors of this mornings accident …………… to the city's main hospital.
a) have taken b) took c) had taken d) have been taken
14- ……………… from very far away to visit the amazing monument.
a) They were travelled b) They travelled
c) It was travelled d) Travelled
15- Many cars …………… in Egypt.
a) made b) are made c) is made d) make
16- The Colossus of Rhodes was destroyed …………… an earthquake.
a) from b) to c) by d) at

4- Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write it correctly:
1- Historical land is used for growing crops and keeping animals.
2- Water from the Nile is used to drink farmers' fields.
3- The most fame sites in Egypt are the Pyramids at Giza.
4- Dakhla Oasis have a population of 75,000 people.
5- A monastery is a building where monks lives.
6- My father's lost glasses was found in the garden.

C) Reading

5- Read the following passage, then answer the questions:
Most countries in the world now welcome tourists because of the money they bring in تجلب. Many countries make great efforts جهود to encourage tourism, and many also depend on what they earn يكسب from it to keep their economies going.
People who like adventure will even try to visit countries. Companies regularly arrange trips through the Sahara desert or to Himalayan Mountains for whoever enjoys such trips, but the numbers of visitors are small. Most tourists try to choose whichever places have fairly إلى حد ما comfortable, cheap hotels, quite good food, reasonable معقول safety, sunny weather or unusual things to see. Their choice of a place for a holiday also depends on when they can get away, it is not very pleasant to go to a place when it is having its worst weather.

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One big problem for a nation wishing to attract tourists is the cost of building hotels for them. Building good hotels swallow up تبتلع a lot of money, and many of the countries that need the tourists are poor. What they spend on building has to be borrowed from foreign banks. Another problem is that more and more big international companies are building hotels all over the world, so that the profits from a hotel often do not stay in the country in which it has been built.

A) Find short answers to the following questions:
1- What would happen to some countries if tourism stopped?
2- Which places do tourists prefer?
3- Mention two problems that face countries wishing to attract tourists.

B) Choose the correct answer:
1-The underlined word "it” in the first paragraph refers to .............
a) the country b) tourism c) economy d) hotel
2-Some people don't go to a place for a holiday although they like it.....
a) because it is not very pleasant b) because of bad weather
c) because it is fairly comfortable d) because they are badly treated

6- Read the following passage, then answer the questions:
Dale Earnhardt was born in April 1951 in Kannapolis, North Carolina. His interest in racing started when he was watching his father race. Dale did not begin racing until 1975, two years after his father’s death. His big break-through came in 1978. He won his first championship in 1980. He began to drive for Richard Childress. His first Daytona 500 win came in February of 1998. Dale’s favorite things to do were hunting, fishing, boating, and watching the Atlanta Braves play. Dale became known as “The Intimidator” because of the way he intimidated other drivers. Dale owned cars for three other drivers: his son, Dale, Jr., Steve Park, and Michael Waltrip.
On Sunday, February 18, 2001, Dale Earnhardt was coming in on the final lap of the Daytona 500. Michael Waltrip and Dale Jr. were numbers one and two in the race. Dale tried to slow the rest of the racers so one of the two could win. When Dale did this, he hit the wall head-on, going about 180 miles an hour. Michael Waltrip was the winner of the Daytona 500. This was Michael’s first win in sixty-four races, and many people were cheering! Meanwhile, crews rushed to Dale’s car to check on him. He was operated on, but they were not able to bring him back to life.

A) Give short answers to the following questions:
1- When did Dale’s interest in racing start?
2- What were Dale’s favourite hobbies?
3- Why was Dale known as “The Intimidator”?

B) Choose the correct answer:
1- Dale’s first Daytona 500 win was in……………………………… .
a) 1956 b) 1983 c) 1980 d) 1998
2- ……………………… won the Daytona 500 on February 18, 2001.
a) Michael Waltrip b) Dale Jr.
c) Dale Earnhardt d) Kelly King
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The Novel

7- A) Answer the following questions:
1- What difficulties did Wafaa and the officers face in Sinai?
2- How was Wafaa Sultan brave?

B) Complete the following:
1- In the second Wadi in Sinai, the cars couldn’t speed up because ………………..
2- After crossing the second Wadi in Sinai, Osama drove very fast in order to …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

C) Read the following quotation, then answer the questions:
"We have a young man's life in our hands."
1- Who did Wafaa Sultan refer to?
2- Why was Wafaa Sultan worried?

D) Writing

8) Write a paragraph about 100 words about tourism and its importance for tourist countries.

Translation
8- A) Translate into Arabic:
Most tourists come to Egypt to visit the antiquities in Cairo and Upper Egypt. Yet, there are other wonderful historic sites in other parts of the country, which are worth visiting, such as Sinai, El Minya and Siwa Oasis. We should encourage tourists to visit these places.

B) Translate into English:
1- لقد وهب الله مصر الكثير من الأماكن السياحية الجذابة و الطقس الرائع.
2- تتأثر السياحة كثيرا بالأحداث الجارية فى العالم