Unit 8: The Necklace الثانى الثانوى لغة انجليزية الوحدة الثامنة

Unit 8: The Necklace

Key Vocabulary

act يمثل / يتصرف ball (dance) حفلة رقص
army جيش debts ديون
canoeing التجديف بالقوارب identical متطابق
collection مجموعة manual (work) (عمل) يدوى
continuously باستمرار necklace عقد / قلادة
except (for) ما عدا savings مدخرات
copy ينسخ / نسخة valuable قيم / ذو قيمة
admire يعجب بـ admiration اعجاب

Vocabulary

specific محدد decade عقد (عشر سنوات)
military force قوة عسكرية poetry شعر
armed forces القوات مسلحة fireman رجل اطفاء
force قوة / يجبر diamond الماس
arms أسلحة replacement بديل
flood فيضان / يفيض repay يسدد (الدين مثلا)
lake بحيرة ashamed خجلان
grandparents أجداد / جدود cost يكلف / تكلفة
guest ضيف / ضيفة exhausted منهك / مرهق
host مضيف character شخصية
hostess مضيفة twins توأم
visitor زائر wedding زفاف / قران
college كلية well-paid ذات أجر جيد
cart trust ثقة / يثق فى
government clerk موظف حكومى social status مكانة اجتماعية
impressive مؤثر assume يفترض
repair / fix / mend يصلح appearance مظهر
free time وقت الفراغ shape شكل / يشكل / يكون
spare time وقت الفراغ garage جاراج
occasion مناسبة mechanic ميكانيكى
occasionally أحيانا pocket
physical work عمل بدنى documents وثائق / مستندات
mental work عمل ذهنى rectangular مستطيل الشكل
activities أنشطة briefcase
attractive جذاب once a year مرة فى السنة
century قرن (مائة عام) twice a year مرتان فى السنة
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franc فرنك (فرنسى) including بما فى ذلك
several times عدة مرات missing مفقود
face يواجه (مشكلة) traditional تقليدى
heavy debts ديون ثقيلة canoe يجدف فى ذورق
non-stop بدون توقف print يطبع / طباعة

Prepositions, Idioms & Expressions

good at ماهر فى owe money to يدين بالمال لـ
go canoeing يذهب للتجديف بزورق fight against يحارب ضد
go camping يقيم فى معسكر fight for يحارب من أجل
go fishing يذهب للصيد download from يحمل من (الانترنت)
an invitation to دعوة لـ go on holiday يذهب فى أجازة
pay the debts يسدد الديون make money يجنى مالا
borrow….. from يستلف / يستعير ...من share … with يشترك فى شئ مع
lend …… to يعير / يسلف .... لـ perform in a play يمثل فى مسرحية
for + مدة زمنية لمدة play with a toy يلعب بلعبة
be made of مصنوع من a set of things مجموعة من الأشياء
work as يعمل كـ the way to success الطريق الى النجاح
pay back يرد / يعيد mix with يختلط بـ
attached / joined to موصل بـ earn money يكسب المال
have a rest يسترح join the army يلتحق بالجيش
have a holiday يقوم بأجازة go abroad بسافر للخارج

Synonyms مترادفات

Word الكلمة Synonym المرادف Word الكلمة Synonym المرادف
identical متطابق same ball رقص dance
valuable قيم expensive غالى ashamed خجلان embarrassed
exhausted مرهق (very ) tired several عدة many

Derivatives المشتقات

Verb Noun Adjective
tradition تقليد traditional تقليدى
replace يستبدل replacement بديل replaceableيمكن استبداله
value يقدر / يقيم value قيمة valuable قيم
copy ينسخ copy نسخة
act يمثل act فصل (فى مسرحية) acting تمثيلى
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Confusable Words

 dress / wear / put on:
 dress: get dressed يلبس / يرتدى ( فعل لازم أى لا يليه مفعول )
- Women take a long time to dress (get dressed)
إذا جاء بعده مفعول به غالبا يكون إنسان و يعنى مساعدة شخص على ارتداء الملابس
- Could you dress the children for me?
إذا جاء بعد dress ظرف (adverb) فانه يبين طريقة الارتداء.
- She dresses beautifully, doesn’t she?
 wear: be dressed in يلبس / يكون مرتديا (يليه مفعول و يصف عادة أو مظهر الشخص)
- When I saw him in the party, he was wearing his black suit.
- We wear heavy clothes in winter.
 put on: يقوم بارتداء / يلبس (يليه مفعول)
- While I was putting on my coat, the phone rang.
- Put on your coat – it’s cold.
- She put on her uniform and went to school.
- Hurry up. Put on your shoes. We are late for school.

 ashamed / shy:
 ashamed: يشعر بالخجل من (خطأ / حماقة)
- I'm sorry! I feel quite ashamed of myself for forgetting to post your letter.
 shy: خجول بطبيعته
- My children are very shy in front of strangers.

 except (for) / expect / accept:
 except (for): ماعدا / باستثناء
- Everyone passed the exams except for Ali.
- Everybody understands except me.
 expect + to +مصدر : يتوقع
- We expect him to pass the exams.
 expect + فاعل + will + مصدر : يتوقع
- We expect he will pass the exams.
 accept + اسم : يقبل
- He accepted my invitation to dinner.

 couple / pair:
 a couple of: two (زوج ( اثنان من نوع واحد
- I'll be with you in a couple of minutes.
 couple: a husband and wife زوجان
- Mr and Mrs Tom are a nice old couple.
 a pair of: زوج من (شئ واحد يتكون من جزأين غير منفصلين)
a pair of shoes/glasses/trousers/scissors/gloves/jeans
زوج من (الأحذية/نظارة/بنطلون/مقص/قفاز/بنطلون جينز)


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 indoor / indoors:
 indoor (adj.): داخل المنزل أو مكان مغلق (صفة يليها اسم)
- Chess is an indoor game.
 indoors (adv.): داخل المنزل أو مكان مغلق (ظرف مكان)
- He spent the whole day indoors.

 outdoor / outdoors:
 outdoor (adj.): خارج المنزل (صفة يليها اسم)
- Football is an outdoor game.
 outdoors (adv.): خارج المنزل (ظرف مكان)
- He spent the whole day outdoors.


Language Notes

Ÿ Would yopu + mind + v. + ing: هل تمانع
- Would you mind leaving the door open?
 suggest + v. + ing:يقترح
- He suggested spending the evening in the club.
 suggest that + فاعل +مصدر : يقترح
- Tom suggested that I look for another job.
يمكن أن نستخدم should قبل المصدر
- Tom suggested that I should look for another job.
 spend + مفعول + v. + ing: يقضى
- He spent the evening writing invitation cards to his friend.
 spend money on: ينفق المال على
- She spent all her money on clothes.
 refuse + to + مصدر : يرفض أن
- He refused to lend me his new camera.
 لاحظ هذه التعبيرات مع tell
- tell the time يبين الوقت - tell the truth يقول الحقيقة
- tell a story يحكى قصة - tell the difference يبين الاختلاف
- tell a lie / lies يكذب
 afford + اسم / to + مصدر: يقدر على
- She is beautiful but she can't afford the kind of life she would like.
- He can't afford to buy a new computer,
 stop + to +مصدر: كي يفعل شيء
- On his way to work, he stopped to buy a newspaper.
 stop + v. + ing: يتوقف عن عمل شيء
- The doctor advised me to stop eating fatty food.





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 Choose the correct answer:
1- A (clerk-sailor-captain-pilot) is someone whose job is to keep the records or accounts in an office.
2- He (formed-did-made-worked) money from writing.
3- An (Arm-army-art-ant) is part of a country's military force that fights on land.
4- (Swimming-Diving-Camping-Canoeing) is a sport using a long narrow boat.
5- Many people have holidays (canoeing-swimming-climbing-diving) on rivers or lakes.
6- This shop is open every day (except-expect-accept-exempt) for Fridays.
7- The city is flooded because it has rained (conveniently-continuously-cunningly-shortly) for the last three days.
8- In some countries, young men have to (connect-link-join-contact) the army and train for a year.
9- There's a wonderful (collection-connection-communication-community) of old books in our town library.
10- Before you can be in a film or play, you have to learn to (behave-play-speak-act).
11- My cousins look exactly the same. They are (classical-identical-practical-political) twins.
12- This gold necklace is (cheap-rich-high-valuable). It cost me a lot of money.
13- (Manual-Easy-Fast-Little) work can be very tiring. And it is not very well-paid.
14- I really (appeal-proud-hate-admire) my grandfather. He has spent his whole life working to look after his family.
15- She is going to spend some of her (papers-coins-savings-change) on a new car.
16- This morning I received an invitation (to-for-in-at) a meeting at my college.
17- I'm going to borrow a dictionary (to-from-by-with) one of my friends.
18- Her grandparents had to work hard (in-by-for-with) years before they could afford their own car.
19- The shirt I'm wearing is made (of-in-by-at) cotton.
20- Before he retired, my uncle worked (similar-such as-alike-as) a hospital doctor.
21- A (bracelet-watch-anklet-necklace) is a piece of jewellery worn around the neck.
22- A (ball-football-call-pal) is a large formal occasion when people dance.
23- His first novel sold 25,000 (hobbies-copies-duties-habits) in the first year.
24- He paid (for-back-at-with) all his debts.
25- She was (wearing-dressing-dressed-putting) a nice dress at the party.
26- He suggested that I (looking-to look-looks-look) for another job.
27- When they came to a cafeteria, they stopped (eating-to eat-to eating-to be eaten).
28- He has spent his whole life (working-to work-worked-to working) to look after his family.
29- (Savings-Coins-Currencies-Banknotes) are all the money you have not spent.
30- The band stopped (to play-playing-play-played) and there was silence.
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31- He suggested (go-going-to go-of going) to the theatre.
32- I tried (stop-to stop-stopping-stopped) him, but he had already left.
33- Would you mind (to lend-lends-lending-lent) me this CD?
34- He refused (answer-to answer-answering-for answering) my questions.
35- Adel lost his job. He borrowed money from all his friends and soon he had many (moneys-finances-savings-debts) which he could not pay back.
36- I'd prefer to do (manual-physical-hard-hand) work, such as to be a gardener, a builder or a driver, than to sit in an office all day like a banker or lawyer.
37- This work is very poor, John, and you should be (shy-ashamed-happy-pleased) of it.
38- Don't (say-tell-speak-advise) us the same story again!
39- Why don't you stop working and (give-do-make-have) a rest?
40- It isn't good to owe money. You should always repay your (presents-gifts-debts-benefits).

 Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write it correctly:
1- Mental work is a type of work done by people using their hands.
2- The museum is open every day accept on Sundays.
3- He wrote continue as many as four collections of short stories a year.
4- He used to go canoe on the river on Sundays.
5- I have a collect of modern poetry.


Grammar

Used to + inf. اعتاد على

 نستخدم مصدر used to + :
 للتعبير عن التناقض بين العادات فى الماضى و الحاضر.
- He used to swim everyday. He doesn't do this now.
 للتعبير عن التناقض بين مواقف فى الماضى و الحاضر.
- We used to live in a small flat in the city centre.
- People used to travel by horse and cart, but now they travel by car.
- The cities used to be smaller, but now they are much bigger.
- I used to play the piano, but now I play the violin.
- He used to smoke, but now he doesn't.
وفي حالة النفى نستخدم: مصدر didn't use + :
- I didn’t use to play computer games, but now I do.
وفي حالة السؤال نستخدم: مصدر to + + فاعل did + :
- Did you use to walk to school?
- Where did you use to live?
 تستخدم no longer بدلا من used to ويأتي بعدها الفعل في زمن الضارع البسيط:
- He used to smoke. = He no longer smokes.

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 تستخدمany more / any longer بدلا من used to مع نفى الفعل في المضارع البسيط و تأتى في نهاية الجملة:
- He used to smoke. = He doesn't smoke any more.

 Choose the correct answer:
1- Many hundreds of years ago, people (had paid-were paying-used to pay-uses to pay) for goods using salt instead of money.
2- When I was younger I (didn't used to enjoy-didn't used to enjoy-wasn't enjoying-hadn't enjoyed) swimming, but now I really love it!
3- My brother (was spending-didn't used to swim-used to spend-uses to spend) all his free time playing computer games, but now he prefers to read books.
4- When I was young, we (use-used-uses-are using) to live in Luxor.
5- When I was young, I used to (went-go-gone-had gone) swimming every weekend.
6- When she was young, she (used-doesn't use-isn't used-didn't use) to like going to bed early.
7- In the past people (used-use-were using-don't use) to work long hours.
8- My father (is using-uses-used-used to) live in Alexandria when he was a boy.
9- Lisa used to wear glasses but now she (does-doesn't-isn't-didn't).
10- (Did you use-Did you used-Do you use-Do you used) to go to bed early when you were young?
11- He (doesn't use-no longer-any longer-any more) smokes.
12- My brother (is used to-no longer-used to-used) have a beard but now he only has a moustache.
13- He (is used to-was used-is used for-no longer) eating out as he doesn't enjoy cooking at home.
14- She (used to-no longer-any longer-is used to) writes to us.
15- She used to have long hair but now she (isn't-doesn’t-wasn't-couldn't).

 Find the mistake in each of the following sentences and write it correctly:
1- Amin is used to drive a very old car. This summer he bought a new car.
2- When my sister got married she moved to Minya. Before that, she uses to live with us in Dokki.
3- When I first met you, you didn’t used to wear glasses, but now you do.
4- People used to work very long hours, but now they didn't.
5- I use to watch TV every day, but now I only watch it once or twice a week.
6- I used to walking to school, but now I go by bus.
7- I don't use to play computer games, but now I play them occasionally.
8- When I was in Alexandria, I am used to go swimming every day.
9- Where did you used to go for holiday when you were a child?
10- The cities are used to be smaller, but now they are much bigger.
11- People used to travelling by horse and cart, but now they travel by cars.


(7)
4) Linkers of Result الروابط الدالة على النتيجة

1) فاعل+ فعل + so + صفه / ظرف + that + جملة 2 :
جدا لدرجة أن ( نحذف كلمة very ان وجدت)
- He was very clever. He answered all questions. (so…that)
He was so clever that he answered all questions.
- She ran very quickly. She could catch the train. (so … that)
She ran so quickly that she could catch the train.

2) فاعل+ فعل + such + a / an + (صفة) + اسم مفرد + that + جملة:
فاعل+ فعل + such + (صفة) + اسم جمع أو اسم لا يعد + that + جملة:
جدا لدرجة أن (نحذف كلمة very ان وجدت)
- It was a very hot day. We decided to stay indoors. (such….that)
It was such a hot day that we decided to stay indoors.
- These are very tight shoes. I can't wear them. (such…..that)
These are such tight shoes that I can't wear them.
 في حالة عدم وجود اسم noun نستخدم اسم مناسب :
- He was so lazy that he failed the exam. (such…that)
He was such a lazy student that he failed the exam.
 لاحظ أنه يمكن استخدام اسم فقط مع such ….. that في حالة عدم وجود صفة
- He was a coward. He ran away from the battlefield. (such)
He was such a coward that he ran away from the battlefield.

3) فاعل + فعل + صفة / ظرف + enough to + مصدر + …..
جدا لدرجة أن (تفيد الإثبات و نحذف كلمة very ان وجدت)
- He is very rich. He can buy an expensive car. (enough to)
He is rich enough to buy an expensive car.
تستخدم (اسم أو ضمير(for + بعد enough في حالة اختلاف الفاعل في الجملتين
- The test was easy. He passed it. (enough)
The test was easy enough for him to pass.

4) فاعل+ فعل + too + صفة / ظرف + to + مصدر + …..:
جدا لدرجة أن لا (تفيد النفى)
- Ali is very weak. He can't walk. (too ….. to)
Ali is too weak to walk.
تستخدم (اسم أو ضمير(for + بعد too في حالة اختلاف الفاعل في الجملتين
- The tea is very hot. I can’t drink it. (too…..to)
The tea is too hot for me to drink.

ملاحظات:
1- اذا استخدمنا enough بدلا من too ننفى الفعل و نستخدم عكس الصفة.
- He is too stupid to understand. (enough)
He isn’t clever enough to understand.
2- إذا استخدمنا too بدلا من enough نحذف النفى و نستخدم عكس الصفة.
- He isn’t strong enough to carry the heavy box. (too….to)
He is too weak to carry the heavy box.
5- الصفات المحببة تأتى مع enough أما الصفات غير المحببة تأتى مع too
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 Choose the correct answer:
1- It has been (so-very-too-such) a long time since he last saw his brother.
2- He isn’t (tall enough-too tall-so tall-such tall) to touch the ceiling.
3- He is (such as-too-so-very) stupid to pass the exam.
4- This mobile phone is (too-enough-very-such) expensive for him to buy.
5- He was (so-such-very-too) a coward that he ran away from the battlefield.
6- These are (so-very-such a-such) tight shoes that I can't wear them.
7- It was (very-enough-too-so) dark for me to recognize him.
8- It was (so-such-too-enough) cold yesterday that we decided to stay at home.
9- The suit was cheap (so – such – too – enough) for him to buy.
10- It was (so – too – such - such a) rainy day that we stayed indoors.

 Find the mistake in each of the following sentences and write it correctly:
1- The weather was too lovely that we spent the whole day in the open.
2- The mountain is so high for us to climb.
3- He was such late to catch the train.
4- He ran quickly enough that he could catch the train.
5- It was such a very difficult question that I failed to answer it.
6- The exam was so easy for us to answer all questions. (enough to)
7- He is so a fast swimmer that I think he could win the race.
8- He was so tired to do his homework.
9- The film is such interesting that it would be a pity to miss it.
10- He is weak enough to do any work.

Language Functions

Asking for information طلب معلومات

 Were you good at school?
 When did you begin your first job?
 When did you start working for the first time?
 What was your life like when you were young?
 Could you tell me what your life was like when you were young?
 Did you do anything when you were not working?
 What did you use to do when you were not working?
 What did you do in your free time?

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Test 6 (Unit 8 + Chapter 4)

A) Language Functions

1- Respond to each of the following situations:
1- You are interviewing an older person about their education. You want to know whether or not he or she was a good school student. What do you ask?
2- You want to know when this person began their first job. What do you ask?
3- You are interviewing one of your grandparents for a school project. You want to know what his or her life was like when he or she was young. What do you ask?
4- You want to know if this grandparent did anything when he or she was not working.

2- Say where each of the following two mini-dialogues take place and who the speakers are:
1- A: Please fasten your seat belt, sir. Place:
B: OK. Can I have a drink, please? Speaker A:
A: Sorry sir, you'll have to wait Speaker B:
until we take off.
2- A: Why are you late? Place:
B: The metro has broken down. Speaker A:
A: But you are always late for the first lesson. Speaker B:
B: I'm sorry sir. I'll not be late again.

B) Vocabulary & Structure

3- Choose the correct answer from a, b, c, or d:
1- I'm afraid I can't …………… a holiday this year.
a) buy b) pay c) afford d) earn
2- There are many ……………. pictures in the museum. Some are 1,000 years old.
a) valuable b) cheap c) rich d) high
3- The two ………… fought against each other on land for many years in a terrible war.
a) navies b) armies c) soldiers d) teams
4- I think that I did very well in the maths examination, …………. for Question 4, which I did not know the answer for.
a) including b) except c) unless d) however
5- A …………… is a long, narrow boat which is used to ride down rivers. You can use it for fishing, or as part of an exciting sport.
a) debt b) manual c) canoe d) raft
6- My mother wants to give me and my brother a key to the house, so she will need to make two ………………. of her key.
a) copies b) replacements c) extras d) additions

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7- Our teacher was sick, so today we had a(n) ………………. teacher.
a) second b) replaced c) replacement d) extra
8- If you put twenty pounds away in a safe place every week, after some years you will have quite a lot of ……………. .
a) valuable b) savings c) earnings d) money
9- I'm not very good ………… remembering people's names.
a) in b) at c) with d) on
10- In the past, many people ………….. to pay for things in cash.
a) use b) uses c) using d) used
11- Before the invention of cars, people …………… to walk more.
a) used b) use c) are used d) have used
12- ……………….. bite your nails when you were a child?
a) Did you used to b) Would you c) Had you d) Did you use to
13- I ……………… all my free time on Saturday tidying up my bedroom.
a) was spending b) use to spend c) used to spend d) spent
14- Did your mother ………………. before she had children?
a) use to work b) used to work c) had worked d) would work
15- Ehab ……………… all his homework before he went on holiday with his family.
a) used to finish b) use to finish c) was finishing d) finished
16- I ……………… live in Egypt. When I was younger, my family lived in France.
a) didn’t always used to b) didn’t always use to
c) hadn’t always d) wasn’t always

4- Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write it correctly:
1- Diamond necklaces are cheap pieces of jewellery.
2- He gave her some of his safe to buy a new dress.
3- He enjoyed working such as a clerk in Cairo.
4- In the past, Egyptian children didn't used to learn English until they were 11 or 12 years old.
5- What did you used to do during your holidays when you were a child?
6- When I was a girl I use to want to be a nurse, but now I would like to be a lawyer.

C) Reading Comprehension

5- Read the following passage, then answer the questions:
Helen Keller was born in1880 in Alabama to. Helen was healthy until the age of nineteen months when she developed a brain fever. The fever left her unable to hear, see or speak. Her father, Captain Keller, was determined to find help for his child. He contacted Dr Alexander Graham Bell to assist him. Dr Bell found Michael Anagnos, the director of the Perkins Institution for the blind. Mr Anagnos sent one of his best students, Annie Sullivan to help with Helen.
The students at the Perkins Institution made a doll for Annie Sullivan to give Helen. Ms. Sulllivan began using the doll to spell the word doll in Helen’s hand.
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Helen learned many words and soon wanted to learn to speak. Miss Sarah Fuller was her first speech teacher. Helen learned to use braille or raised print for reading and soon wanted to go on to college. Helen graduated from college with honors in 1904.
Helen Keller spent the rest of her life trying to make it easier for disabled people to learn. She won many awards for her work for the blind. Helen Keller died in 1968. She will be remembered by the world as a champion of the blind and disabled people.

A) Give short answers to the following questions:
1- What caused Helen to become deaf, dumb and blind?
2- How did Helen Keller read?
3- Why was Helen Keller given many awards?

B) Choose the correct answer:
4- The underlined word "child" refers to…………………….
a) Helen b) Annie Sullivan
c) Miss Sarah Fuller d) Alexander Graham Bell
5- Miss Sarah Fuller taught Helen Keller………………………………..
a) how to read b) how to speak
c) how to see d) how to walk

6- Read the following passage, then answer the questions:
Charles was a professor with a huge house and a fortune. Today he lives in a small caravan where there is only second hand furniture. There are no signs that he was a rich man. He gets his clothes and other things from charity shops.
This change is not a tragedy. Charles was happy to give the lifestyle of a rich man. He was tired of being a person who had everything and many people have nothing. He made the choice to give all his money away. He says it has brought him happiness. “A few years ago,” says Charles, “I was a millionaire, but I knew there were a lot of hungry people in the world.” So, he gave away all his money to charities. When he had some left, he gave away small banknotes in the streets of local poor areas.
Charles believes that many people want to earn a lot of money so that they will not have any worries. However, most people never make much money. He decided to drop out and has discovered that having only a little money makes you free. Are there any things he misses? “No, I’m much happier now. I wouldn’t go back to being rich for anything – no way.”

A) Give short answers to the following questions:
1- Would you like to be a millionaire? Why? Why not?
2- Compare Charles’ life in the past to his life now.
3- What does the underlined word "it" refer to?

(12)
B) Choose the correct answer:
4- According to the text, Charles has -----------------------------
a) a family b) a huge house
c) everything in the world d) only a little money
Now Charles is very happy because----------------------------.
a) he is a millionaire b) he has no money
c) he misses nothing d) he lives in a small caravan

D) The Novel

7- A) Answer the following questions:
1- What was the opinion of Ayman’s family about the story of the big spider Ayman had seen?
2- What would happen to local business if people heard and believed Ayman’s story? Mention two results.

C) Complete the following sentences:
1- The police got protective clothing from ……………………………………………
2- Colonel Mikhail and his men are going to be in danger from the spiders until ……………………………………………………………….

B) Read the following quotation and then answer the questions:
"Let's hope it is a known species."
1- Why did Colonel Mikhail hope so?
2- What sort of species did it turn out to be?

E) Writing

8- Write a paragraph about 100 words about an object you like. It could be a mobile phone, a necklace, a watch or any other cheap or expensive object.

F) Translation

9- A) Translate into Arabic:
The high cost of living is one of our most difficult problems. To bring the prices down, both the government and the individuals should work together. Investment should be increased and consumption should be cut down.

B) Translate into English:
1- من حقك أن تعبر عن رأيك بحرية و لكن يجب أن تحترم الآخرين
2- يجب أن يسعد الناس بحياتهم و أن يكونوا فخورين بما لديهم.