Unit Four الصف الثالث الثانوى

Unit Four Writers and Stories 3rd year sec 2011
Listening script:
Interviewer: when did you start writing?
Writer: I have written stories and poems for as long as I can remember.
Interviewer: what was the first thing you wrote?
Writer: when I was seven, I wrote a poem which won 2nd prize in a national competition for school children.
Interviewer: when did you start writing stories?
Writer: when I was at university I wrote short stories for student magazine. My head was always full of ideas. While I was finishing one story, I was thinking of the next one.
Interviewer: wasn’t that very confusing?
Writer: not really. I used to write very quickly- I finished most short stories in two or three days. As soon as I’d finished one story, I’d start the next one.
Interviewer: do you still write like that?
Writer: no, I haven’t written any short stories for over 20 years. Now I only write novels - they take much longer.
Interviewer: so how do you write now? Do you have a fixed routine?
Writer: yes. I write from nine in the morning till three in the afternoon, with a ten minute break for coffee at midday. I write an average of a thousand words a day.
Interviewer: do you use a computer?
Writer: no, I’m old-fashioned- I use a pencil and paper. I’ve tried using a computer, but it gave me a headache. When I’m happy with what I’ve written, my secretary types it onto the computer. My publisher insists that I send everything as an e-mail attachment.
Interviewer: and do you check what you’ve written?
Writer: of course. I write one thousand new words a day for a week, then I spend two or three days checking the week’s work until I’m completely happy with what I’ve written. My last novel was changed six times before I was happy with it.
Interviewer: do you show other people?
Writer: no, not until a novel’s almost finished. Then I give it to two or three good friends and ask them for the opinions.
Interviewer: do they ever tell you they don’t like what you’ve written?
Writer: yes! Last year both of the people who read one of my books said they didn’t like how my story ended. So I changed it.
Interviewer: that’s very interesting. Thank you for talking to me.
Writer: it’s been a pleasure.
Reading Yehia Haqqi (1905-1992)
Yehia Haqqi was one of the pioneers of modern Egyptian literature. As well as being an important writer, he was an expert on Arabic culture. Yehia Haqqi was born in 1905 in the Sayyada Zeinab district of Cairo. He graduated in law and worked for a short time as a lawyer. In 1929, he began his career as a diplomat and he worked abroad for more than 20 years. The time he spent in France, Italy, Turkey and Libya gave him experiences he later used in his writing . At the same time as he was working, Haqqi was also writing stories. His first short story, published in 1925, established him as one of the greatest short story writers of the Arab world. Haqqi always wanted to help poor and disabled people. He had to go to hospital after an earthquake in Cairo, but gave his bed to a poor person who he thought needed it more. In 1955, he wrote a collection of short stories about the poor and the disabled which won an important prize. Another of his stories, the postman, was made into a film. Haqqi wrote in a new way about Arab society and customs in the twentieth century. Haqqi was also interested in the Arabic language and he developed a new style of writing which is respected today.
As well as writing his own novels and stories, Haqqi also translated Russian, French, Italian and Turkish literature into Arabic. He was a very strong believer in the power of education and supported many young Egyptian writers. Haqqi died in 1992, but is still thought of as the father of the modern short story and the novel in Egypt.
New Vocabulary
Reading Listening
رائد Pioneer يبدأ Start +v-ing
الأدب literature قصيدة شعر Poem
حديث Modern شاعر Poet
بالإضافة إلى As well as الشعر Poetry
كاتب مهم Important writer النثر Verse
مؤلف author يصر- يصمم insist
الثقافة culture يتذكر remember
ثقافي cultural يذكر remind
منطقة – حي district مرفقات attachments
يتخرج graduate منافسة- مسابقة competition
خريج A graduate قومي National
التخرج graduation دولي International
محامى lawyer محلى local
الحياة المهنية career يشوش- يربك confuse
دبلوماسي diplomat تشويش-إرباك confusion
سياسي politician في خلال يومين In two days
بالخارج abroad رواية Novel
على متن السفينة A board روائي novelist
خبرات- مواقف experiences نظام ثابت Fixed routine
في نفس الوقت At the same time منتصف النهار midday
ينشىء- يؤسس establish منتصف الليل Midnight
المعاقين Disabled people متوسط average
إعاقة disability موضة قديمة Old-fashioned
زلزال Earthquake مساير للموضة Fashionable
مجموعة Collection يسبب الصداع Give a headache
مجتمع Society ينشر publish
إجتماعى ( شخص) sociable الناشر publisher
عادات جماعية customs اجتماعي ( الشيء) social
زى خاص costume نموذج style
عادات فردية habits يحترم respect
تقاليد traditions محترم Respected
رجل البريد postman محترم respectful
شركة نشر Publishing company محترم respectable

Some definitions
Competition An organized event in which people or teams compete against each other.
Routine The usual way in which some one does something.
Red tape Official and unnecessary rules and prevent things from being done quickly.
Fashion The style of clothes, hair—etc that is popular at a particular time.
Literature Books, poems , plays etc that are considered to be very good and important.
District An area of a city or country.
Diplomat Someone is employed by the government to live in another country .
Politician Someone who works in politics.
Earthquake A sudden shaking of the Earth's surface that often causes much damage.
society A large group of people who live in the same country or area and share the same laws, ways of do something , religions ---etc.

Important Preposition
مسئول عن In charge of يفوز بجائزة لــ Win a prize for
مسئول عن Responsible for يكتب من أجل Write for
يطلب Ask for مملوء بــ Full of
يتحول إلى Change into يملأ-----بــ Fill----with
خبير فى Expert ( on- in ) مملوء بــ Be filled with
يتخرج من graduate from +المكان متوسط لــ Average of
يتخرج فى graduate in+التخصص مسرور من Happy with ( about)
خريج A graduate of مسرور من Delighted with
يعمل كــ Work as سعيد جدا بـــ Excited about
على متن السفينة-الطائرة On board مصر على Persist in
مجموعة من Collection of مصر على Insist on
تتحول على Be made into يترجم --- إلى Translate –into
يكتب عن Write about يؤمن- يعتقد بـــ Believe in

Important Sentences and Expressions
1. I wrote a poem which won 2nd prize in a national competition for school children.
2. My head was always full of ideas.
3. While I was finishing one story, I was thinking of the next one.
4. I haven’t written any short stories for over 20 years.
5. I write from nine in the morning till three in the afternoon, with a ten minute break
6. I’m old-fashioned- I use a pencil and paper. I’ve tried using a computer, but it gave me a headache.
7. My publisher insists that I send everything as an e-mail attachment
8. I spend two or three days checking the week’s work until I’m completely happy with what I’ve written.
9. Yehia Haqqi was one of the pioneers of modern Egyptian literature
10. As well as being an important writer, he was an expert on Arabic culture.
11. He graduated in law and worked for a short time as a lawyer.
12. In 1929, he began his career as a diplomat and he worked abroad for more than 20 years.
13. His first short story, published in 1925, established him as one of the greatest short story writers of the Arab world.
14. He gave his bed to a poor person who he thought needed it more.
15. Haqqi wrote in a new way about Arab society and customs in the twentieth century.
16. As well as writing his own novels and stories, Haqqi also translated Russian, French, Italian and Turkish literature into Arabic.
Language Notes on Vocabulary
 Prize ( in a competition ) جائزة # He won the match and got the first prize.
 Present ( in an occasion ) هدية # I bought her a dress as a present for her birthday.
 Reward مكافئة # He did his work well and so I gave him a reward.
 Award جائزة رسمية # Dr Zewail was awarded the Noble Prize.

 Full of مملوء بــ # The boat was full of people.
 Fill الشيء with # I filled the cup with tea.
 الشيء ( be ) filled with # The cup is filled with tea.

 Routine روتين شخصي # My daily routine is to go to the club.
 Red tape روتين حكومي # I had a lot of red tape to get my passport.

 graduated from تخرج من # My brother graduated from Cairo University.
 graduated in تخرج في مادة كذا # He graduated in medicine.
 a graduate of # He was a graduate of Cairo University.
 a + فترة زمنية مفرد + اسم # He took a two week holiday ( a holiday for two weeks )

 abroad بالخارج # He traveled abroad to do post graduate studies.
 aboard على ظهر سفينة / مركب # He went aboard the ship to go to Italy.
 a board لوحة # The teacher told us to look at the black board.

 as well as + v-ing ( اسم ) # He played as well as studying .
 فاعل(1) , as well as + فاعل(2) , فعل يتبع الفاعل الأول # He, as well as I , is a teacher.

 Habit عادة فردية # My habit is to get up early and go to the club.
 Custom عادة جماعية # It is a custom in Egypt to visit each other in feasts.
 Traditions تقاليد متوارثة # Our grand fathers' traditions were very difficult.

 experience خبرة ( لا يعد ) # This job really needs a lot of experience.
 experience موقف أو تجربة ( اسم يعد ) # He told me that he had a bad experience.
Language Functions




 Expressing opinion with reasons:-

•I think (charities) are important because (they help poor people).
•I believe (modern technology) is necessary as it (helps us to lead a comfortable life).
•In my view, he is good for the job since he has excellent qualifications.
•In my opinion, he should accept the job because it is well-paid.
•From my point of view, we should donate blood to save people's lives.
•If you ask me, he should study harder in order to get higher marks.
و للسؤال عن الرأي نستخدم
 What is your opinion of ( about ) --------?
 What do you think of ( about ) -----------?

 What would you say in the following situations:-
1. You ask your friend's opinion about your new car.
2. your friend thinks that Egypt will win the World cup. You don't agree.
3. You watch a new film and express your opinion.
4. Your brother thinks English is the most difficult subject. You agree.
5. Your friend asks your opinion about yesterday's match.

Choose the correct answer on vocabulary

1 – Early black and white photos show people in ( new- old-fashioned – stylish – modern ) clothes.
2 – The sun is at its strongest at ( night – evening – morning – midday )
3 – My ( routine – red tape – customs – traditions ) is to get up and walk.
4 – My friend and I are going to enter an athletics ( competition – composition – recognition supervision ) , we hope to win.
5 – I sent an e-mail with two ( attacks – attachments – attractions – e-mails ) . They were my photos .
6 – The verb of the word " attachment " is ( attend – attack – attract – attach )
7 – He is a publisher his work is to ( write – translate – publish – public ) stories and novels.
8 – Midday is 12 in the day, but ( mid year – midnight – mid evening – good night ) is 12 at night.
9 – It is not modern , it is ( stylish – modern – new-fashioned – old-fashioned )
10 – To( develop – divide – retire – involve )means to make a new product or idea successful.
11 – One of the first people to do something that others will continue is ( pioneer – engineer – journalist – chemist )
12 – Al Gamalya is a famous ( restrict – governorate – system – district ) of Cairo.
13 – I really enjoyed that book , it is written in a very simple ( style – road – draft – styles )
14 – my sister loves clothes and buys ( very old – traditional – fashionable – old-fashioned) dresses.
15 – Yehia Haqqi studied ( law – medicine – engineering – art )at university.
16 – Haqqi word as a ( ambassador – diplomat – writer – translator ) in different countries.
17 – He won a prize for one of the ( pack – school – collect – collection ) of his short stories.
18 – Haqqi spent most of his time working as a ( lawyer – politician – writer – diplomat )
19 – As well as( write – wrote – writes – writing ) two books , he wrote short stories.
20 – He is an expert ( with – on – that – by ) Arab culture.
21 – He worked( abroad – above – aboard – ashore ) for more than 20 years.
22 – His story , the post man , was ( make – made – makes – making ) into a film.
23 – He has a ( fixed – fixing – fax – mix ) routine in writing.
24 – She is a graduate ( in – from – of – off ) Oxford University.
25 – As ( long – soon – tall – far ) as I am concerned , this is an interesting book.
26 – They still wear ( habits – traditional – customs – tradition ) clothes in siwa Oasis.
27 – We always take a three ( months – month's – month – months' ) holiday at the end of the year.
28 – My friends , as well as my brother , ( studies – studying – study – is studying )
29 – Ali is ( graduated – graduate – graduating – a graduate ) of Ain Shams University.
30 – My father is a / an ( engineer – diplomat – politician – political ) . He is interested in politics.

Find The mistakes in the following sentences:



1 – Yehia Haqqi worked like a diplomat.
2 – He developed a new style with writing.
3 – He graduated from medicine.
4 – Haqqi is thought of as the father of modern short poems.
5 – Hany worked as a law.
6 – They insisted that going by bus.
7 – I went aboard to do post graduate studies in Paris.
8 – I always got the first price in painting.
9 – The bag was filled of books, so I couldn’t shut it.
10 – She wears old-motioned clothes. They are very modern.
Grammar Study
Past Tenses





{ past simple – past continuous – past perfect – present perfect }

Past Simple:- التصريف الثاني للفعل و هناك فعل منتظم و فعل شاذ
• regular verbs: ( arrived – visited – played – studied ----------- etc )
• irregular verbs: ( go---went – send---sent – take----took -------etc )
لنفى الماضي البسيط نستخدم :- didn't + inf للسؤال عن الماضي البسيط نستخدم + did + subject + inf -------?الأداة
He went to school on foot. He didn't go to school on foot. How did he go to school?
يستخدم الماضي البسيط ليعبر عن :-
1. an action that happened and ended in the past.
# They visited their uncle yesterday. # I sent a letter to my brother last week.
2. past habit ( used to + مصدر .)
# When I was young , I used to sleep early . ( but now I no longer sleep early )
# I didn't use to get up early when I was young.
# Ali is used to playing in the club. ( up till now ) ولكن لاحظ هذة الجملة
3. describing actions in a story وصف أحداث في قصة
# Once up on a time, There was a king who -------------------
4. With the following expressions و مع هذه التعبيرات
# If only / I wish + past simple للتعبير عن أمنية غير موجودة في الوقت الحالي
$ I wish I were in London now . ( but I am in Cairo )
$ If only they visited me today.
# Suppose + past simple افتراض عير موجود في وقت الكلام
$ Suppose your father came now. ( he isn't here.)
# I'd rather = past simple للتعبير عن عكس الواقع
$ I'd rather you didn't do that. ( but you did. )
# It' time + past simple
$ It's time he arrived at school.
علامات الماضي البسيط هي :-
{ yesterday – last – ago – once – one day – in the past – the other day – in+ سنة ماضية ------ etc }
Passive :-
was – were + P.P
# A new school was built last year.
# a lot of photos were taken to us yesterday.



Past Continuous :-
Was – were + V – ing .
# I was reading the paper at 5 o'clock yesterday.
# While they were eating , the door bell rang .
* was – were + not + V-ing للنفي * الأداة + was – were + الفاعل + V –ing--------? للسؤال

يستخدم الماضي المستمر ليعبر عن :-
1- حدث كان مستمر في وقت محدد في الماضي They were watching the match ay 10 o'clock p.m yesterday.
2- حدثان في الماضي احديهما كان مستمر ( ماضي مستمر ) و الآخر قاطع له ( ماضي بسيط )
While I was playing the match , It rained.
3- حدثان أو أكثر كانا مستمرين في نفس الوقت في الماضي و يكون الحدثان هنا ماضي مستمر لأنه لا يوجد قاطع.
While my father was reading a book , my mother was cooking.
علامات الماضي المستمر :-
past Continuous ------------------ past Simple.
While=As =Just as
past Continuous -------------- past continuous. الحدثان مستمران في نفس الوقت
When + past simple ------------ past continuous . when + past continuous -------past simple .
# When I was speaking with Zeinab , Mohammad came.
# I was speaking to Zeinab when Mohammad came.
# As we were studying , the light went out.
# While he was running , he fell down. = While running , he fell down .
While + V – ing بشرط عدم وجود فاعل بعدها
during + اسم أثناء # During my stay in Luxor, I visited many places.
# While I was staying in Luxor , I visited many places.
# While staying in Luxor , I visited many places.
Passive
Was – were + being + P.P
# I borrowed my friend's car while mine was being repaired.
# The match was being watched at 5 o'clock yesterday.

Past Perfect :-
had + P.P # After I had finished my work , I went home.
hadn't + P.P للنفي الاداه +had + الفاعل + P.P------? للسؤال
# Ali had won the first prize. *Ali hadn't won the first prize. * What had Ali won ?
# Ali had a car. * Ali didn't have a car. * What did Ali have? و لكن لاحظ
يستخدم الماضي التام ليعبر عن :-
1- حدثان تما فى الماضي – الاول ( ماضى تام ) و الثاني ( ماضى بسيط )
I sold the house which I had bought last year. أولا قمت بشراء البيت العام الماضي ثم قمت ببيعه بعد ذلك
When I reached the station , the train had left . غادر القطار قبل ان اصل ( I missed the train)
When I had reached the station, The train left. وصلت اولا ثم غادر القطار ( I caught the train )
علامات الماضي التام :-
*After – as soon as + ماضى تام -----------------------------ماضى بسيط
*before – by the time + ماضى بسيط -----------------------ماضى تام
ماضى بسيط منفى* until – till ماضى تام
*When +ماضى تام ------------------------------------------------ ماضى بسيط
*When + ماضى بسيط -------------------------------------------- ماضى تام
*When + ماضى بسيط -------------------------------------------- ماضى بسيط
فاعل* had( no sooner – scarcely – hardly )+ P.P --( than – when – when ) + ماضى بسيط (لم يكد--- حتى)
*(No sooner –Scarcely –Hardly )had + فاعل+P.P – (than – when – when) + ماضى بسيط (فى أول الجملة)

# After he had done the homework , he slept,
# they called me as soon as they had arrived.
# Before he slept , he had finished his home work.
# They had arrived by the time they called me.
# When they had cleaned the house , they furnished it.
# When they cleaned the house , they furnished it.
# When I reached the station , the train had left so I missed it.
# I had no sooner went out than it began to rain.
# Hardly had I finished when I slept.
لاحظ أن :-
 After + V – ing -----------------ماضى بسيط شرط عدم وجود فاعل # After eating , I went out.
 Before + V – ing -------------- ماضى تام شرط عدم وجود فاعل # Before going out , I had eaten.
 Having + P.P ------------------- ماضى بسيط = after # Having eaten , I went out.
 On + V – ing ------------------- ماضى بسيط = after – While # On eating , I went out.
 It was only when ماضى تام that ماضى بسيط # It was only when I had arrived that I know the truth.
 It wasn't until ماضى تام that ماضى بسيط # It wasn't until I had arrived that I realized the truth.

Passive
had + been + P.P

# After I had washed the car , I drove it to my work.
After the car had been washed , I drove it to my work.
# Before they built the house , they had bought the materials.
Before the house was built , the materials had been bought.






Present Perfect :-
have – has + P.P
# I have just arrived. # He has studied English for ten years.
haven't – hasn't + P.P للنفى الاداه + have – has + الفاعل + P.P -----? للسؤال
# He has played football. *He hasn't played football * What has he played?
# He has a car. * He doesn't have a car. * What does he have?
# They have a house. * They don't have a house. * What do they have?
يستخدم المضارع التام ليعبر عن :-
1 – حدث تم في الماضي وأثرة مازال موجود .
She has cleaned the room. (the room is cleaned now)
2 – حدث انتهي في وقت غير محدد في الماضي :
She has watched several films.
ولكن اذ ا حددنا وقت الحدوث نستخدم (ماضي بسيط)
She wrote several articles yesterday.
3 – يستخدم مع الحدث المتكرر (أي أن ذلك الحدث لم يتوقف) :
He has played 145 international matches. (he can play more)
ولكن اذ ا استخد منا الماضي البسيط مع حدث متكرر فمعناها أن الحدث توقف .
He played 145 international matches . (He stopped playing )
4 – يستخد م المضارع التام مع التعبير :
It is the first time - فاعل - مضارع تام
It is the first time I have been to Aswan.( I have never been to Aswan before )
علامات المضارع التام :-
For – Since – ever – never – just – already – yet – recently – lately – so far--------

 for + فترة زمنية { hours – days – weeks – months – years – along time – the last--- - ages }
 since + وقت محدد { o'clock – Monday – April – 2005 – last--- - ماضى بسيط - then }
 Have – Has فاعل ever + P.P ? # Have you ever seen a lion?
 فاعل have – has never + P.P # I have never seen a lion. (not )تعطى معنى النفي بدون
 فاعل have – has ( just – already ) + P.P # They have just arrived. حالا أو توا
Just = a moment ago – a short time ago # They arrived a moment ago.
 yet تأتى فى نهاية الجملة المنفية و السؤال # Have you finished your work yet ?
# I haven't finished my work yet.
 lately النفي و السؤال # I haven't seen her lately.
 recently الإثبات و السؤال # They have visited me recently.
لاحظ الفرق بين هاتين الجملتين
* He has been to Aswan. { He went and came back }
* He has gone to Aswan. { He is still there}


ملاحظات هامة:-
1. مضارع تام + since + ماضى بسيط # I have played tennis since I was ten.
2. It was + فترة + since + ماضى بسيط # It was two days since I saw her. ( I haven't seen her for 2 days )
3. فاعل (have – has) been + V- ing + for فترة = فاعل + began – started ( to مصدر –V–ing ) فترة ago.
# I have been writing this unit for five days.
# I began to write ( writing ) this unit five days ago.
4. فاعل last { the last time فاعل} ماضى بسيط when + جملة = فاعل + haven't – hasn't = P.P --- since جملة
# Hams last met Hana when they were in Tanta.
# Hams hasn't visited Hana since they were in Tanta.
5. فاعل (be) still + v – ing = فاعل haven't – hasn't + finished + v – ing – اسم yet.
# Mohammad is still doing his homework.
# Mohammad hasn't finished his homework yet.

Passive
have – has + been + P.P

# He has invited me to the party. * I have been invited to the party.
# No one has beaten me at chess. * I haven't been beaten at chess.
# They have been cleaning the house for two hours.
*The house has been cleaned for two hours.
لاحظ ان المضارع التام المستمر يتحول إلى مضارع تام بسيط عند التحويل للمبنى للمجهول.
Choose the correct answer on grammar
1-When the telephone rang, they ( watched – had watched – were watching – watch ) the match.
2-He ( climbed – climbs – was climbing – will climb )the tree when he suddenly fell down.
3-They ( leave – left – were leaving – will leave ) for England an hour ago.
4-On( watching – watches – watch – watched ) the film, Ali came.
5-They saw the fighting people while( were driving – drove – driving – drive ) home.
6-How did he ( go – went – going – goes ) to Aswan yesterday?
7-My sister ( cleaned – was cleaning – is cleaning – cleans ) the room while I was making tea.
8-The first map ( was drawn – drew – is drawn – draws ) by El_idrissi .
9-She cut herself while ( cook – cooked – was cooking – cooking )
10-What were you doing when I ( phoned – was phoning – had phoned –would phone)you last night.
11 – He ( play – played – was playing – had played ) the guitar, when I saw him.
12 – They saw the accident while ( were driving – drove – driving – drive )
13 – They( ran – were running – had run – are running )out of the bank when the police caught them.
14 – The Pyramids were ( building – built – builds – build ) by the ancient Egyptians.
15 – While she was cooking , her sister ( was doing – did – does – had done ) homework.
16 – As he was carrying the vase, he ( drops – dropped – had dropped – drop ) it on the floor.
17-They ( hadn't met – haven't met – didn't meet – won't meet ) since last year.
18-We ( had – have had – are having – were having )some difficulty recently with Maths.
19- I haven't written a letter since I ( traveled – will travel – have traveled – travel ) to England.
20-Shakespeare( has written – wrote – had written – was written ) 37 plays.
21-The e-mails ( have written – has written – have been written – has been written ) by Ayman.
22-Don't tell him. He has( already – yet – since – recent ) known.
23-He was born ( in – since – at – for ) 2006.
24-My brother( is going – will – has gone – has been ) to Paris, he came back last week.
25-They haven't visited us ( since – for – recently – already ) the last two years.
26-He hasn't studied English( recently – lately – ago – just )
27-Since I graduated, I ( worked – had worked – have been working – will work ) in this company.
28-He ( has been mending – has mended – will mend – mended ) the bike for an hour but he hasn't finished yet.
29- I prefer swimming ( on – to – than – over ) skating.
30-I last ( see – saw – has seen – have seen ) my friend was last week.
31-It is ages since we ( have heard – had heard – heard – was hearing ) some good news.
32-Have you done your homework ( yet – so far – since – already )? That is too fast.

Find The mistakes in the following sentences:

1 – Twenty million people saw the film already.
2 – My parents use to live in a small flat .
3 – We revised for our test when the light went out.
4 – She played the piano since the age of six.
5 – Our block built five years ago.
6 –It's time he comes to school.
7 – After play the game , he washed.
8 – Did you used to smoke when you were young?
9 – Have you never visited the valley of kings?
10 – While the match , he was injured.
11 – Having wake up , he switched on TV.
General Exercises




What would you say in the following situation:-
1-You ask your friend's opinion about a shirt you've just bought.
2-Your friend believes that violent films are exciting. You don't agree.
3-You ask a friend if he likes living in the countryside.
4-Someone asks your opinion about modern technology.
5-You think your friend's favourite school subject is history, but you want to check .
6-You suggest spending the summer holiday in Alexandria.
7-Your friend tells you some very bad news.
8-You warn your sister not to play with matches .
9-Your friend wishes you success in your exams.
10- you think that some one will pass the exam.
Say where mini-dialogues take place and who the speakers are :-
1- A:- I'd like to deposit L.E 200 to my savings account, please.
B:- Certainly. Fill in this form.
Place: ……………Speaker A :………….…… Speaker B :………..… Function……………..
2- A:- Excuse me. I'd like to send this letter by Express Nail, please.
B:- Where to?
A:- London.
B:- You have to pay L.E. 32.
Place: ……………Speaker A :………….…… Speaker B :………..… Function……………..
3- A:- Are you being served, sir?
B:- No, nobody has come to serve me.
A:- Oh! Sorry sir. What would you like to have?
B:- I'd like to have a cup of tea.
Place: ……………Speaker A :………….…… Speaker B :………..… Function……………..

Translate into Arabic:
1- Some of the most important aims of education are to build up an Egyptian citizen who is able to face the future and to create a productive society. Education also aims at preparing a generation of scientists for the service of humanity.

2- Some Egyptian writers have written books and articles advocating the rights of women. They have called for women's equality with men. Now women have the same rights as men and even hold important positions in the society.
Translate into English:
لقد كتب نجيب محفوظ الكثير من الروايات التي ترجمت إلى لغات عديدة .*
يعتقد كثير من الناس أن الكتـاب الإلكتروني سيحل محل الكتاب العادي في المستقبل القريب .*

Read the following passage, then answer the questions:
Olive oil has been used by people of the Mediterranean countries, Greece, Italy and Spain for about 4000 years. Many people have realized the healthy benefits of using olive oil instead of other oils. As well as tasting delicious and being the healthiest cooking oil. Olive oil has many other uses such as cosmetics, hair conditioners and soaps. It is a
preservative; it keeps fish and cheese fresh for years. Perhaps more important, is olive oil's value as a medicine. Not only can eating olive lowers the risk of serious diseases such as cancer and heart disease, it can also have a healing effect on many stomach disorders and diseases. This could explain why people in the Mediterranean countries tend to live longer. It will make your food taste better and your life last longer.
a) Answer the following questions:
1. How can we keep fish last for years?
2. What is the value of olive oil as a medicine?
3. Why do the people in the Mediterranean countries tend to live longer?
b) Choose the correct answer a, b, c or d:
4. ……….. is one of the Mediterranean countries
a) Sudan b) Saudi Arabia c) Spain d) England
5. The underlined pronoun "it" refers to …………
a) list b) olive oil c) food d) life
Read the following passage, then answer the3questions:
A young woman is walking to her car in a car park. Suddenly a man jumps out at her from behind. She kicks him and while he's on the floor she jumps into her car and drives away unharmed. When the girl tries to kick the bad man, he grabs her and pulls her off balance and now she's on the floor, defenseless, with nowhere to rum. This little story teaches you two things: never walk alone at night and most importantly, use your brain and not your body to defend yourself against an attacker. Staying safe is all about not putting yourself in a dangerous situation. Avoid attack before it happens by using your common sense. This means walk with confidence; stay in well-lit areas make sure someone always knows where you are, and carry a mobile phone with you all times.
a) Answer the following questions:
1. What is the most important lesson you've learnt from the story?
2. Why shouldn’t you walk alone at night?
3. Is it very important to carry a mobile phone all times? Why?
b) Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d:
4. The young woman was unharmed because she …………..
a) was strong b) was weak c) was alone d) didn’t have a mobile
5. The writer s someone who is trying to make people …………
a) worried b) safe c) confident d) frightened

Write a paragraph about :
" Famous writers in Egypt "