UNIT 15 الصف الثالث الثانوى لغة انجليزية شرح مميز

UNIT 15

Vocabulary:

available متاح / متوافر download (v) يقوم بتحميل (برامج أو ملفات) من الانترنت
enthusiastic about (adj.) متحمس بشأن gadget جهاز صغير
paperback (book) (كتاب) ذو غلاف ورقي screen شاشة
bleach (v) يُبُيض / يجعل لونه أبيض encyclopedia موسوعة / دائرة معارف
mixture خليط / مزيج press (v) يضغط / يكوي (الملابس)
recycle (v) يُعيد استخدام roller بكرة أو اسطوانة (تستخدم في ضغط الأشياء)
soak (v) ينقع أو يغمر في سائل recycling إعادة الاستخدام
availability توافر / إتاحة enthusiast (n) (شخص) متحمس
enthusiasm حماس / تحمس roll يدور / يلف / يسوي
recyclable قابل للاستخدام مرة أخري traditional books الكتب التقليدية
an electronic book كتاب الكتروني e-book reader جهاز لقراءة الكتب
up-to-date أحدث disappear completely يختفي تماما
e-mail بريد الكتروني / رسالة بالبريد الالكتروني website موقع علي الانترنت
theatre tickets تذاكر المسرح CD ROM (compact disk read only memory) اسطوانة
trademark علامة تجارية papyrus ورق البردي
logs قطع من الخشب chemicals مواد كيميائية
enormous quantity كمية هائلة compact disk قرص مضغوط
still pictures صور ثابتة moving pictures صور متحركة
upload يقوم بوضع أو رفع شيء علي الانترنت public libraries المكتبات العامة
enormity ضخامة / فداحة tourist places أماكن سياحية
recession كساد اقتصادي hindrance عقبة / عائق
turning point نقطة تحول a stumbling block عقبة / عائق / حجر عثرة
grow quickly تنمو بسرعة a common type نوع شائع
agricultural production الإنتاج الزراعي industrial production الإنتاج الصناعي
about the same size as تقريبا في نفس حجم ... pressing buttons الضغط علي الأزرار
reduce the price يقلل السعر available online متوافر علي الانترنت
bestsellers الكتب الأفضل بيعا أو رواجا partly جزئيا
digital رقمي a range of books مجموعة متنوعة من الكتب
adapt يُعدل / يتأقلم road accidents حوادث الطرق
collection مجموعة go wrong يتعطل
smooth ناعم / أملس / مصقول stationery الأدوات الكتابية
maps خرائط adverts إعلانات
menu قائمة الطعام wrapping لف / تغليف
leaflets منشورات / نشرة مطبوعة brochure كتيب به صور أو معلومات عن مُنتج
go online يستخدم الانترنت suppose يفترض
efficient كُفء latest technology أحث التكنولوجيا
generalize يُعمم motivate يُحفز
persevere يثابر / يستمر في عمل شيء برغم الصعوبات incentive حافز
uphold/upheld يدعُم / يؤيد log/logged يقطع (الأشجار)


Words and their antonyms:

enthusiastic متحمس apathetic غير مهتم
available متاح unavailable غير متاح
complete كامل incomplete غير كامل
miss the meeting يفوته الاجتماع attend the meeting يحضر الاجتماع
miss the train يفوته القطار catch the train يلحق بالقطار
rear خلفي front أمامي
ready مستعد / راغب reluctant / unwilling ممانع / غير راغب
deceptive خادع honest أمين
preserve يحافظ علي damage / neglect يتلف / يُهمل
paperback ذو غلاف ورقي hardback/hardcover ذو غلاف مُقَوي
selfish أناني unselfish غير أناني


Words and their synonyms:

pressing عاجل/ ملح urgent expensive غالي الثمن dear/costly/pricey
cheap inexpensive/low-priced get يحصل علي obtain
necessaryضروري/أساسي essential necessitous مُعوز/ محتاج needy
necessitate يُحتم/يستلزم entail misunderstand يسيء فهم miscomprehend
available متاح / يمكن الحصول عليه obtainable enthusiastic متحمس zealous / eager
gadget جهاز appliance/machine panic فزع / خوف alarm/fear
screen شاشة monitor bleach يُبيض make white
recycle يعيد استخدام reuse soak ينقع / يغمر في سائل immerse
soak up يمتص absorb enormity ضخامة immensity
complete تام / كامل utter / total completely تماما utterly / totally
remember يتذكر recall rear خلفي back
knock down يهدم pull down/demolish


Prepositions and Expressions:

roll in يتدفق بكميات كبيرة roll up يطوي
find information on the internet يجد معلومات علي الانترنت good for the environment مفيد للبيئة
get information from the internet يحصل علي معلومات من الانترنت be replaced by يتم استبداله بـ
replace … with يستبدل ... بـ draw on paper يرسم علي الورق
be produced from يتم إنتاجه من break into small pieces يكسر أو يجزأ إلي قطع صغيرة
cut down trees يقطع الأشجار cut down prices يقلل الأسعار
hold huge amounts of تحمل أو تتسع لكميات هائلة become part of history يصبح جزءا من التاريخ / لا يعد يستخدم
go on a business trip يذهب في رحلة عمل make new friends يتخذ أصدقاء جُدد
work for a charity يعمل لدي مؤسسة خيرية instead of بدلا من
business relationship علاقة عمل business meeting اجتماع عمل
a five-day programme برنامج يستغرق خمسة أيام receive an award for يتلقي جائزة عن
be mixed with chemicals يتم خلطها بمواد كيميائية trade with يتاجر مع
on the other hand من ناحية أخري the price goes down يقل السعر
for environmental reasons لأسباب بيئية range from … to … يتراوح من .. إلي ..
take up a lot of space تشغل حيزا كبيرا keep up with يواكب / يساير
work for the common good يعمل للصالح العام bring someone round يعيد شخص إلي وعيه
make way for يُخلي المكان أو الطريق لـ



Irregular Verbs:


sweep/swept/swept يكنس teach/taught/taught يعلم
swim/swam/swum يعوم/ يسبح tell/told/told يخبر
take/took/taken يأخذ throw/threw/thrown يرمي
tear/tore/torn يمزق undergo/underwent /undergone يتحمل/ يقاسي يخضع لـ / يجتاز
think/thought/thought يفكر undertake/undertook /undertaken يقوم بـ

Derivatives:

Verb Noun Adjective
download يُحَمِل download تحميل downloadable يمكن تحميله
enthuse (about) يتحمس بشأن enthusiast شخص متحمس
enthusiasm الحماسة enthusiastic (about) متحمس
bleach يُبيض bleach المادة الكيميائية المستخدمة في التبييض
mix يخلط / يمزج mixture خليط / مزيج mixed مختلط
press يضغط press ضغطة (عادة مفرد) pressed مضغوط
recycle يعيد استخدام recycling إعادة الاستخدام recyclable يمكن إعادة استخدامه
roll يدور / يسوي roller بكرة أو اسطوانة
print يطبع printing الطباعة printed مطبوع
programme يبرمج programme برنامج programmable يمكن برمجته
inspire يلهم inspiration الهام inspired مُلهَم

Words that go together

press conference مؤتمر صحفي press release بيان صحفي
reliable sources مصادر موثوق بها available information المعلومات المتاحة
download files يقوم بتحميل ملفات household gadgets أجهزة منزلية
home appliances أجهزة منزلية foreign press الصحافة الأجنبية
local press الصحافة المحلية recycled materials مواد يُعاد استخدامها
internet website موقع انترنت design a website يصمم موقع
enormous challenge تحدي هائل enormous obstacle عقبة هائلة
alleviate pressure يخفف الضغط atmospheric pressure الضغط الجوي
withstand pressures يتحمل الضغوط economic pressures الضغوط الاقتصادية
heavy burdens أعباء ثقيلة a controversial book كتاب مثير للجدل
the seven wonders of the world عجائب الدنيا السبع economic disaster / catastrophe كارثة اقتصادية
economic dimension البعد الاقتصادي exceptional circumstances ظروف استثنائية
an inspired leader قائد أو زعيم مُلهَم go dead يتوقف عن العمل / يتعطل
encyclopedic knowledge معرفة موسوعية turn the pages يقلب الصفحات
casual observation ملاحظة عابرة


Read the following passage carefully:

In Ancient Egypt, a type of tall grass called papyrus, which grew in the Nile valley, was used for writing and drawing on. Before it could be used, the leaves of the grass were soaked in water, pressed together and then dried in the sun.
The first real paper was made by the Chinese two thousand years ago. In the eighth century, Arab travellers who traded with China learned how to make it, too. At first, paper was very expensive because it was made from cotton, but later it was produced from wood and so became much cheaper.
To make paper from wood, logs are broken into small pieces which are then mixed with chemicals and bleached. Water is removed from the mixture, which then passes through hot rollers to produce continuous pieces of dry paper.
Every year, millions of trees are cut down to make new paper Fortunately, the type of tree that gives us the best wood for making paper grows very quickly, but old paper can also be recycled. Most of today's newspapers and magazines are made from recycled paper.
For hundreds of years, an enormous quantity of paper has been used to produce books, especially very large books like encyclopedias. Now, encyclopedias and other books can be put onto CD-ROMs: special computer disks which can hold huge amounts of information. Sound and pictures can also be put on CD-ROMs.
Many people think that soon everybody will have a computer and we will get all our information from the internet or from CD-ROMs. They believe that public libraries will no longer be needed and that printing will become part of history.


Definitions:

available if something is available , you can get it , buy it or use it
download to move information from one part of a computer system to another
enthusiastic showing a lot of interest and excitement about something
gadget a small tool or machine that helps you do something
paperback a book with a soft paper cover.
screen the flat, glass part of a TV or a computer.
bleach to make something white or lighter in colour by using chemicals or sunlight.
encyclopedia a book that contains facts about many subjects.
mixture something that is made by mixing two or more different substances together.
press to push something firmly and steadily .
recycle to put used objects or materials through a process so that they can be used again.
roller a cylinder –shaped piece of wood , metal etc that can be rolled over and over
soak to cover something with liquid for a period of time.


Language Notes

۩ fit يناسب (من حيث المقاس) ۩ suit يناسب (من حيث الشكل) ۩ match يتماشي مع (للأشياء)
● That jacket fits you perfectly.
● That blue shirt suits you. You look nice in it.
● Does this shirt match these trousers?

۩ together = with each other معا / سويا ۩ altogether = completely تماما
● You mix all the dry ingredients together before you add the milk.
● It's all right working with him, but living with him would be a different matter altogether.

۩ trade with يتاجر مع ۩ trade in يتاجر في (سلعة معينة)
● India began trading with Europe in the 15th and 16th centuries.
● The company has been trading in oil for many years.

۩ later فيما بعد / في وقت لاحق ۩ (the) latter = the second (الشيء أو الشخص) المذكور ثانيا
● Later that month we got another letter from them asking for more money.
● She offered me more money or a car and I chose the latter.
لاحظ استخدام on مع الكلمات والتعبيرات الآتية :

on an island on a farm on foot on display معروض
on purpose عمدا on the whole بصفة عامة on his way to on holiday/vacation
on the internet on the telephone on the radio on duty في الخدمة
on business on Monday/Friday a tax on ضريبة علي restrictions on قيود علي
an effect on
تأثير علي an influence on تأثير علي a conference on
مؤتمر عن information on
a book on on the advice of بناء علي نصيحة on the plane on the train
on the menu
فى قائمة الطعام on the staff من ضمن هيئة العاملين on admission عند الدخول contact him on يتصل به علي رقم ...

•Have = have got = own يملك
• I have a car = I have got a car.
• Do you have a car ? = Have you got a car?
• I don't have a car. = I haven't got a car.
•في الماضي نستخدم had للتعبير عن الملكية :
• I had a car when I was in London.
•نستخدم will have للتعبير عن الملكية في المستقبل:
• I will have a computer next week.

•تستخدم have فقط للتعبير عن الملكية بعد to و الأفعال الناقصة مثل must / should وغيرها ولا يمكن استخدام have got بهذا الشكل:
• I want to have a camera.
• I should have a lot of money to buy this car.

•لاحظ أن have تستخدم بمعاني أخري غير يملك وفي هذه الحالة لا نستخدم have got
Have a meal / have a party / have a holiday / have an accident

Exercises on Vocabulary and Language Notes:
Choose the correct answer:
1- My mother has a special (gauge – garage - gadget – garbage) for cutting vegetables.
2- Ali is really (enthusiastic – egotistic – aquatic – fanatic) about his university course. He can't wait for the beginning of the term.
3- I'm going to (downtown - download – downstream – downplay) some information from the internet for my school project.
4- The television picture is really clear. You have an enormous (steam – scream – screen – beam).
5- This novel is not (bearable – affordable – avoidable – available) as an e-book yet, but you'll be able to get it next year.
6- The best thing about a (paperback – paperwork – paperclip – paper shop) is that you can easily carry it and read it at any time.
7- Her brother has not shown any (idealism – symbolism - enthusiasm – patriotism) for any sport of any kind.
8- I wanted to complain to the manager of the shop, but he was (unattainable – unavailable – unavoidable – unbelievable).
9- Today, paper, plastic and glass can all be (recycled – replaced – recited – retarded).
10- Before you can cook these beans, you have to (bleach – drown – sink - soak) them for 3 hours.
11- The story is an interesting (furniture - torture– encyclopedia - mixture) of fact and fiction.
12- You can (press – bleach – approach - attach) white shirts to keep them looking clean.
13- (Encyclopedias – CD-ROMs – Biographies - Screens) can hold a lot of information and are small enough to carry in your pocket.
14- Oil and water don't (fix – prefix – suffix - mix). Even if you shake them together they separate into two layers.
15- To start the machine, just give this button a (bless – brass – press – stress).
16- The vase (pulled - rolled – pushed – walked) off the edge of the table and smashed.
17- These shirts are all (reached – pinched - - bleached – watched).
18- A/An (CD-ROM – encyclopedia – screen - gadget) is a disc on which large quantities of information can be stored.
19- A/An (novel – story - encyclopedia - tale) is a large book that contains facts.
20- To bleach is to make something (right – fight - white – wide) by using chemicals.
21- A/An (process – mixture – operation - development) is something made by mixing two or more things together.
22- To (confess – depress – press - undress) is to push something hard.
23- To (repeat – retreat – renovate - recycle) is to put used objects through a process so that they can be used again.
24- A (roller – ruler – boiler - beaker) is a round piece of wood or metal that can be rolled.
25- To (stock – shrink – soak - remove) means to cover something with liquid for a period of time.
26- Grants are (deniable – available – collectable - enviable) to students who have high grades.
27- Hala was full of (ecotourism – escapism – enthusiasm – socialism) for the plan.
28- You can get this novel as an (e-book / e-mail / e-learning / e-commerce) from the bookshop over there.
29- I'm going to (download – upload – load – afford) some software from this website.
30-When you are reading an e-book, you can turn the pages by (pleasing – deleting – pressing – avoiding) buttons or by touching the screen.
31- When we use less paper, hundreds of forests will be (destroyed – demolished – built – saved).
32- (Recycling – Receiving – Reappearing – Recording) is definitely good for the environment.
33-She is not very (fantastic – climatic - enthusiastic – diabetic) about the idea.
34- When more and more people buy something, the price (goes up - goes down – goes away – goes out).
35- Papyrus was used for (shrinking - writing – counting – sneezing) and drawing on.
36- The first paper was (done – gone – made – looked) by the Chinese two thousand years ago.
37- When paper was made (of - from – in – at) wood, it became much cheaper.
38- Every year, millions of trees are cut (in – of – with – down) to make new paper.
39- Most of today's newspapers and magazines are made from (recited – recycled – removed – redone) paper.
40- CD-ROMs can (hold – catch – touch – fetch) huge amounts of information.


Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write them correctly:
1- In the near future, we will get all our information from the interrupt.
2- Some people predict that printing will become part of geography in the future.
3- He poured the lecture into four small dishes.
4- The Arabs taught how to make paper from the Chinese.
5- Since the invention of paper, boots have been used to educate people and for enjoyment.
6- Some people believe that CD-ROMs will replace laboratories.
7- She bought a little garment for squeezing oranges.
8- To get coffee, put your money in the machine and dress the green button.
9- My cousin is a football enthusiastic. He never misses a match.
10- This information can be viewed on scorn or printed out.



.

Future Simple Passive

Will + inf. ------------------ will be + PP.
• راجع استخدامات المستقبل في الوحدة الأولي
•In the future, we will produce more of our energy from wind power.
= In the future , more of our energy will be produced from wind power.

• Today, they will announce plans to build a new road round the city center.
= Today, plans to build a new road round the city center will be announced.


Future Perfect Passive

•يتكون المستقبل التام من will have / shall have + PP.ويدل علي أن شيء سيكون قد تم قبل وقت معين في الماضي:
• ويستخدم هذا الزمن عادة مع الكلمات الدالة علي المستقبل مسبوقة بكلمة by
By (the year) 2100 / By tomorrow morning / by next October / by next Monday / by tomorrow evening / by next year / By this time next week / by 6 o'clock tomorrow / by next Christmas

• في المبني للمجهول يتكون هذا الزمن من : will have been / shall have been + PP.
• By the year 2100, we will have saved millions of trees and hundreds of forests.
= By the year 2100, millions of trees and hundreds of forests will have been saved.

• By 2050, they will have replaced the old building by modern offices.
= By 2050, the old building will have been replaced by modern offices.

By the time + present simple Future Perfect

• By the time she comes back home. I'll have finished all the exercises.
• By the time the exam begins, I'll have forgotten everything.

Choose the correct answer:
1. By next Christmas we (will be – are being - will have been – have been) here for eight years.
2. The builders say they (finish - will have finished – might finish – are finishing) the roof by Tuesday.
3. By the time we (got – had got – get – getting) to the party. Most people will have left.
4. By the time we get to the stadium. The match (will have started - is starting – was starting – had started) .
5. In the future, every new book will probably be (publish – publishing - published – publishes) as an e-book.
6. You can be sure the price (will be reduced – to reduce – is reducing – had reduced) when more people buy them.
7. Do you think CD-ROMs will ever (be replaced – be replacing – have replaced – replace) traditional books completely?
8. I think most bestsellers (will be read – will be reading – will read – will have read) as e-books.
9. I'm sure some kinds of books (won't replace – won't be replacing - won't be replaced - can replace).
10. I predict that in the future, mobile phones (will make – will be making – will have made - will be made) smaller.
11. By this time next week, (I'll have heard – I hear – I am hearing – I heard) my test results.
12. We (will be used – are using – are used - will use) less paper if we read e-books.
13. I don't think newspapers (will ever have replaced – never replace - will ever be replaced).
14. The new underground railway line (will have been built – will be building – has built – have built) by 2012.
15. I'm sorry but your car (won't repair – can't repair – repaired - won't be repaired) this week.
16. It is hoped that the road (is reducing - will reduce – will be reduced – will have been reduced) early morning traffic.
17. The new road (won't be finished – won't have finished – won't be finishing – has finished) until the year 2015.
18. Over 500 buildings (will knock – will be knocking - will be knocked – will have knocked) down to make way for the new road.
19. It is said that the number of road accidents (cut – cuts – will cut - will be cut) by 20%.
20. It is thought that between 30 and 40 lives a year (will be saved – will be saving – will have saved – will save).

Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write them correctly:
1. In the future, more electricity will generate from wind power..
2. More of the music we listen to will be downloading from the internet.
3. They will be published fewer traditional newspapers.
4. The price of phone calls will be reducing by 50%.
5. I finish this job by 10 p.m. tomorrow
6. By the time the firemen arrive, the fire destroys the building.
7. More cities will build in the desert by the year 2020.
8. Inflation تضخمincreases by 1% over the next twelve months.
9. You'll be received an e-mail giving full details next Monday.
10. The building will complete by next year.


Have + something + PP

لاحظ استخدام have في نفس زمن الجملة :
 هذا التركيب يعني أن شخصا آخر غير الفاعل هو الذي قام بالفعل:
يمكن أن يأتي هذا التركيب في الأزمنة المختلفة: 

Verb "to have" in different tenses:

Present simple have/has
Present cont. am having/is having/are having
Present perfect have had / has had
Past simple had
Past cont. was having / were having
Past perfect had had
Future simple will have / shall have
Modals Can / may / should / must / be going to + have

• Did you paint the house yourself? - No, I had it painted.
• Is she typing the report herself? - No, she’s having it typed.

• Someone had cleaned the floor for me.
I had had the floor cleaned.
• Someone mended her bike the other day.
She had her bike mended the other day.

• Someone will fix the phone for me.
I will have the phone fixed.
•The photographer is going to develop the film for them.
They are going to have the film developed.
 و يمكن استخدام get بنفس الطريقة التي استخدمنا بها :have
• The barber is going to cut my hair.
I am going to get my hair cut.
• Someone is decorating her house.
She is getting her house decorated.
 لاحظ ما يلي:
Have + someone + inf.
Get + someone + to + inf.

• I had the mechanic repair my car.
• I got the mechanic to repair my car.


Reflexive Pronouns

الضمائر المنعكسة هي:

Singular مفرد: myself yourself herself himself itself
Plural جمع : ourselves yourselves themselves

 يستخدم الضمير المنعكس عندما يكون المفعول و الفاعل واحد:
 He hurt himself.  He bought himself a mew shirt.
 She looked at herself in the mirror.
 Hala cut herself when she was peeling يقشر the potatoes.
 I don’t want you to pay for me. I’ll pay for myself.
 يستخدم الضمير المنعكس للتأكيد ويأتي إما بعد الفاعل أو بعد المفعول:
 I myself did the job. / I did the job myself.
 ‘Who mended your bike?’ ‘Nobody. I repaired it myself.
 I am not going to do your homework. You’ll have to do it yourself.

يستخدم الضمير المنعكس بعد by بمعني "بمفرده " أو "بدون مساعدة" :

by myself = on my own = alone / without any help

 I went to the cinema on my own. = alone = by myself
 Did you paint that picture on your own? = without any help = by yourself.
 لا تستخدم الضمائر المنعكسة بعد حروف الجر الخاصة بالموقع أو المكان أو الاتجاه:
 She put her bag next to her.  The car was coming fast towards him.
 She took her dog with her.
يمكن أن نستخدم الضمائر المنعكسة بعد حروف الجر after / for / on
The children are old enough to look after themselves.
Try to depend on yourself.
يُستخدم الضمير المنعكس oneself ليشير الي الضمير one بمعني المرء أو الإنسان:
Talking to oneself is the first sign of madness.
 لاحظ الفرق بين : On his own Of his own &
on his own = alone / without help
 My aunt lives on her own.  Don’t help him. Let him do it on his own.

Of his own = belonging to him and to no one else تدل علي الملكية
 I’d like to have a car of my own.  He’s got no ideas of his own.

Idioms with reflexive pronouns: تعبيرات معينة تستخدم فيها الضمائر المنعكسة

 Enjoy yourself = have a good time
 Help yourself = take what you want
 Make yourself at home. = behave freely as if it were your own home
 He made a name for himself. = He became famous أصبح مشهورا
 Take care of yourself
 Behave yourself = be polite /behave well كن مهذبا
Choose the correct answer:
1. We got out of the water and dried (himself – myself – ourselves – itself).
2. I am going to the shops to get (me – myself – himself – herself) some tennis shoes.
3. I love you for (you – me – yourself – itself), not for your money.
4. The manageress spoke to me (myself – themselves – her – herself).
5. The house (itself – it's – themselves – its) is nice, but the garden is very small.
6. I'll go and see the minister (him – his - himself – ourselves) if I have to.
7. I often like to spend time (of my own – by myself – by himself – by itself).
8. You can do that by (your own – alone – yourself – me). You don't have to ask for help.
9. These facts are unimportant in (themselves – itself – them – oneself), but if you put them together, they may mean more.
10. One has to learn to control (yourself – myself – oneself – itself).
11. I must have my watch (repairing – repairs – repair – repaired).
12. I'll have someone (decorate – decorated – decorating – decorates) my flat.
13. She got someone (paint – painted – to paint – painting) the house.
14. She is having the computer (to fix – fixes – fixed – fix).
15. We are going to have the carpenter (make – to make – made – makes) some shelves for us.

Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write them correctly:
1. The animal had been left in the house by it for a week.
2. Peter was going to buy a bookcase, but in the end he made one itself.
3. I had to do the whole job of my own.
4. We haven't had the roof repairing yet.
5. She got someone cleaned the house.


Language Functions: Talking about the future

Questions Answers
Do you think we will (have libraries in the future)? Yes, I'm sure we will.
What do you think will happen (to the internet) in the future? It will (definitely) become more popular.
Do you think that (man will live on other planets one day)? I don't think that will happen in the near future.


Test on Unit 15

A- Language Functions
1- Respond to the following situations:
1- A friend asks you if you think people will read books in a hundred years time.
2- In a conversation, a friend uses the word gadgets. You do not understand the word.
3- A friend asks if you think people will have their own spaceships in fifty years.
4- A friend uses the words travel and journey in the same sentence. You do not understand the different meanings of these two words.

2- Say where these mini-dialogues are taking place and who the speakers are: (August 2002)
1- A: What's wrong with you?
B: My left eye hurts me.
A: Let me examine you.


2- A: Why are you late?
B: The metro has broken down.
A: But you are always late for the first lesson.
B: I'm sorry. I won't be late again.

B- Vocabulary and Structure
3- Choose the correct answer:
1- We have decided that your contact (will not be renewed – will not be renewing – was not renewed – has not been renewed) next month.
2- Sitting too long at the computer (will be made – will be making - will make – is made) your back and arms ache.
3- Running too many programs at the same time (will probably make - will probably be made – has probably been made – is probably made) the computer crash.
4- The project (will have been carrying – will be carrying - will have been carried – was carried) out by 2028.
5- By the time he (had come - comes – is coming – will come) back home, I will have finished all the exercises.
6- He blamed (himself – myself – yourself – itself) for what had happened.
7- By the end of the month, I (shall have taken – take – am taking – takes) all my exams.
8- We want to have our car (repainting – to repaint – repainted – be repainted).
9- My father is a golf (enthusiasm – enthusiast – enthusiastic –enthuse). He plays and watches it on TV whenever he can.
10- That play is very popular. You'd better check the (ability – availability – advisability - ambiguity) of tickets.
11- A (gadget – budget – garment - glove) is a small tool or machine that helps you do something.
12- To (download – overload – boatload - workload) is to move information from one part of a computer system to another.
13- An (enthusiasm – enthusiast – enthusiastic –enthuse) person shows a lot of interest and excitement about something.
14- A (drawback – backpack - feedback - paperback) is a book with a soft paper cover.
15- A (screen – scream – cream - siren) is the flat, glass part of a television or computer.
16- Is this shirt (achievable – available – avoidable – applicable) in a larger size?

4- Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write them correctly:
1- By the time we get there, Jim leaves.
2- A recent medical report has predicted that increasing numbers of people in developed countries will be suffered from high blood pressure.
3- A meeting will hold next Tuesday at 3 p.m.
4- He sought a piece of cotton in water and used it to clean the wound.
5- Reciting is important to help protect our environment.
6- He looked at her with a literature of admiration and curiosity.

C- Reading Comprehension
5- Read the passage then answer the questions: (August, 2002)
Many people believe the legend that there is a curse on the tomb of Tutankhamen. The tomb of Tutankhamen was discovered by lord Carnarvon in 1920. He died from blood poisoning three months after opening the tomb. No one would have thought his death had anything to do with the tomb if it had not been for a letter from the writer Marie Corelli to the New York World newspaper. In this letter she said. that, she owned a book which told the story of the curse.
Not long after the death of Lord Carnarvon, an American who said he had caught a cold while visiting the tomb, also died.
As time passed, the list of people who had been 'punished' by the curse grew and for many people there was too much evidence for the story to be ignored. However, a number of facts have been forgotten.
In 1982 an American policeman who had a heart attack claimed it was because he had spent time looking after the Tutankhamen Exhibition in San Francisco. He was not believed when it was discovered that another man who had actually slept in the tomb while guarding it for seven years was not only alive but in good health. Thus the idea of the curse was proved to be a fallacy.


A) Answer the following questions:
1- What made the people think that Lord Carnarvon's death was caused by the curse of Tutankhamen?
2- Why did the man sleep in the tomb of Tutankhamen for seven years?
3- Do you really think there is a curse in the tomb of Tutankhamen? Why?

B. Choose the correct answer:
4-Lord Carnarvon died of...........
a) the curse of the tomb. b) blood pressure.
c) an accident. d) blood poisoning.
5- Many people could not ignore the story of the curse because ...........
a) they had no evidence, at that time. b) They had too much evidence, at that time.
c) they failed to find any evidence. d) they managed to prove that it was evident.

6- Read the passage then answer the questions:
Dr. Christina is one of a team of doctors who work in the Amazon Forest. They work to find out about the methods which local people use to treat diseases. Local people use medicines which come from plants, and the team want to know about these plants and study them to find the active component. Then they plan to experiment with them. Plant medicines were used for treating illnesses very long ago, and they are still common in many parts of the world. These plant medicines are safer and cheaper than scientific medicines and they work just as well for many diseases.
However, many people still use scientific medicines. Dr. Christina says that we are too dependent on scientific medicines which can be very dangerous and make people ill. Some diseases have become resistant to them. If the medicines stop killing bacteria and viruses, then they are more dangerous than useful. Many doctors do not recommend plant medicines, but this is because they do not understand them. Dr. Christina says, “We are learning about forest plants so that we can teach city people to use them.” She thinks we should use plant medicines for most of our illnesses, and keep scientific medicines for treating dangerous diseases.
A. Answer the following questions
1-What does Dr. Christina do at the Amazon Forest?
2-When can scientific medicines be dangerous?
3-What does the underlined word “them” refer to?

B. Choose the correct answer:
4-Plant medicines are ------------------ scientific ones for treating many diseases.
a)more effective than b)less effective than
c)as effective as d)more dangerous than
5- ----------------- use plant medicines more than other people.
a) Doctors and pharmacists b) city people
c) Forest people d) The medical school students

D- Writing
8- Write a paragraph of about 100 words about: (August 2003)
Some people like life in the countryside because it is calm, peaceful and away from pollution. Others like life in the city because it is livelier, more entertaining and faster. Which kind of life do you prefer? State why.

9- A)Translate into Arabic: (August 2002)
Egypt has a strong cultural history. Some of the greatest Arab writers, musicians and craftsmen are Egyptians. In the last century, Taha Hussein, Tawfik Al-Hakim and Naguib Mahfouz were probably the best known writers in Arabic.

B) Translate into English:
1- إن الخيال العلمي عادة ما يكون محاولة جادة للكتابة عن شكل الحياة في المستقبل أو في عالم آخر.
2- تبذل الحكومة أقصي جهدها لإيجاد فرص عمل للشباب وبناء مساكن لهم.