Unit 4 الثانى الثانوى شرح مميز

Unit 4
Teamwork
Squash رياضة الأسكواش Hockey رياضة الهوكى
Badminton كرة الريشة Tournament دورى
Attach يربط Tolerance تسامح
Sports centre مركز رياضى Wheel عجلة
Definitely بالتأكيد Beat يهزم
Intention نية Co-operate يتعاون
String خيط Pack الصيد فى مجموعة
Patient مريض For example على سبيل المثال
Show يعرض Pull يسحب
Hunt يصيد Footballer لاعب كرة القدم
Goalkeeper حارس المرمى Produce ينتج
Deliver يسلم Make sure يتأكد
Extra إضافى Scientist عالم
Pass يمر Cloud سحابة
Crowded مودحم Adult بالغ
Wind رياح Title لقب
Together معا Space فضاء
Personal experience خبرة شخصية Experiment تجربة معملية
Imagine يتخيل Partner شريك
Local area منطقة محلية Jokes نكات
Politics السياسة Fiction خيال
Illustrator رسام صور توضيحية Editor محرر \ رئيس تحرير
Daily يوميا Neighbor جار
Puzzle لغز Guide book كتاب إرشادى
Survival البقاء / النجاة Particular محدد
Mainly أساسا Feel better يشعر بتحسن
Prove يثبت Cage قفص
Tolerant متسامح Intolerant غير متسامح
Attached ملتصق Detached منفصل
Co-operative متعاون Complex معقد
Idiomatic Expressions
It doesn’t fit me لاتناسبنى من حيث المقاس
It doesn’t suit me لاتناسبنى من حيث المظهر
On your own بمفردك / معتمدا على نفسك
People of his age أناس فى نفس عمره
Ask for advice يطلب النصح
Do a job يقوم بعمل
Do a sport يمارس رياضة
Keep fit يحافظ على لياقته البدنية
Make a prediction يتنبأ
Make a decision يقرر
Work on a project يعمل فى مشروع
Lions hunt their prey in packs الأسود تصطاد الفريسة فى جماعة
Birds can cooperate on complex jobs الطيور تتعاون على الأعمال المعقدة
A good night sleep النوم جيدا ليلا
A high degree of intelligence درجة عالية من الذكاء

Prepositions
Come out يظهر Get into يدخل
Depend on يعتمد على Find out يكتشف
Good at جيد فى Attached to ملتصق بـ
Think of يفكر فى Listen to يستمع إلى
Look for يبحث عن Different from مختلف عن
Benefit from يستفيد من Part of جزء من
Plan for يخطط لـ Pass …to… يمرر ... لـ ...
Send into يرسل لـ Mix with يختلط بـ
A combination of مزيج من Good to عطوف على
Cooperation
A friend who is playing in an important football match this afternoon asks for advice. What will you say? "I think you should try to score lots of goals" this is helpful, but perhaps the best advice is "don’t forget you are part of a team. Pass the ball to other players."
There are many situations where groups of people need to cooperate to succeed, for example, surgeons, who work with a team of doctors and nurses to help patients; or scientists who have to work in large, complex teams to send people into space.
Animals also cooperate. For example, lions hunt their prey in packs, an elephants live in family groups to bring up their young and protect ill members. In a recent experiment, scientists showed that even birds can cooperate on complex jobs. Two birds were put into a cage with a box of food outside. The birds could see the food, but they had to pull pieces of string attached to the box to get the food into the cage. If both birds pulled the strings at the same time, they moved the box and at the food.
To be a successful team member, you may need to cooperate with people who are very different from you and who you may not like. To succeed, you will have to show tolerance and work with these people. Imagine what would happen if a nurse refused to help a doctor.
Notes
* Job وظيفة
* Work عمل
I look for a job.
My father is at work.
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* Prey فريسة
* Prayيصلى
Muslims pray in mosques.
Lions hunt their preys.

* Personal شخصى
* Personnel هيئة موظفين
Personal cleanliness is important for health.
Who is the personnel manager in this company?
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* Bring up يربى
* Educate يعلم
I was brought up in a big house.
I was educated in Cairo.
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* On + صفة ملكية + own بمفرده = alone = by + ضمير منعكس
* On + my / your / his / her / its / their / our + own
I live on my own.
He plays with his own.
**هذه الصيغة مساوية فى المعنى لـ
He plays alone.
He plays by himself.
**يستخدم الفعل play مع الرياضى التى بها كرة
Play football / hockey / tennis / squash / volleyball …
**يستخدم الفعل do مع ألعاب العنف والقتال
Do judo / karate / wrestling / boxing …
**يستخدم الفعل go مع الرياضة التى تنتهى بـ ing
Go swimming / diving / running / walking / fishing
*/*/*/*/*/*/*/*/*/*/
Language functions
Asking for advice
طلب النصيحة
Which ….do you think I should choose? * If you ask me you should …
Can you give me advice about …? *If I were you, I'd ….
Can I ask you advice about …? *You should / shouldn’t …
Respond to each of the following
1-You have put on a lot of weight. You ask your mother's advice.
2-You advise your brother to drive carefully.
3-Your brother is playing football in the street. Advise him.
4-You ask your coach about which sport you would do.
5-You suggest spending the weekend in Fayoum.
6-A driver can't push the car alone, you offer to help him.
7-You thank your sister for lending you some money.
8-One of your friends has won the reading competition. You congratulate him.
9-Someone asks you "Which sport do you think I should choose?"
10-Someone asks you about the best way to keep fit.
11-You can’t remember difficult English vocabulary, ask your teacher for advice.
12-Your brother watches too much TV, give him advice.
13-Someone asks you "Why don’t you lose some weight?"
14-A friend wants to buy a new mobile and ask your advice about the best brand.
15-You meet a friend who had a fever, advise him.
16-Your father advises you to make more efforts for your studies.
17-You ask your teacher about what to do in your exam night.
18-You have just decided to do this evening.
19-Think about the next seven day. What are your arrangements.
20-Think about this time next year. Make a prediction about your future.
Say where these mini-dialogues are taking place and who the speakers are
A: I want to buy a new blouse, could you give me
advice about the latest fashion?
B: Floral blouses are now the latest fashion.


A: Show me your ticket, please.
B: Here it is.
A: Are you going to get off the next station?


A: Here is your seat, sir. I hope you will enjoy the film
B: Thank you.


A: You mustn’t feed the animals.
B: I am sorry.
A: Never mind.



A: please, give me your driving licence.
B: Why, sir.
A: you were driving over 120km an hour.



A: You mustn’t annoy the animals in the cage.
B: I am sorry.




A: Show me your driving licence.
B: Why?
A: You were driving over 120km an hour.


Choose the correct answer
1-You should decide why you want to (make / have / do / form) a sport.
2-Keep (fat / fit / firm / fishy) to avoid laziness and diseases.
3-What (other / others / another / else) games can you do?
4-You can (lose / beat / win / gain) him because you are a bit faster.
5-When you want to do something, do it with others (on from / at / of) your own age.
6-Basketball is (an individual / an isolated / a team /a course) sport, people play it in two teams.
7-Think carefully before (forming / doing / saying / making) your decision.
8-The homework is extremely difficult but I can do it (in / for / on / from) my own.
9-Sports like squash are (double / team / group / individual) sports, you have to beat the person you are playing with.
10-My running (shirts / jackets / gloves / shoes) don’t fit my feet.
11-I think you are (fat / short / tall / heavy) enough to do basketball.
12-Which games can be played (as / such as / like / such) individual?
13-Scientists are trying to (give / do / make / take) a prediction about the form of life in the future.
14-You should be good (for / at / to / in) the sport you prefer to do.
15-I think the weather tomorrow will be cold and (rain / raining / rained / rainy)
16-it is going to be sunny because there isn’t a (foam / cloud / wave / lake) in the sky.
17-People should cooperate (with / for / on / from) the government to solve the problem of over-population.
18-lions hunt their (guards / young / babies / prey) in packs.
19-This cover should be well (detached / polished / attached / printed) to the book.
20-Elephants live in family groups to bring (down / in / at / up) their young.
21-The package was tied up with (string / cloth / metal / wood)
22-Egypt is one of the countries that enjoys religious (tolerate / tolerant / tolerable / tolerance)
23-You should ask the elders (about / on / for / at) advice.
24-The scientist is busy doing an (expert / experiment / experience/ examination)with some birds.
25-Lions can't be free in the zoo, they are kept in (pipes / caves / cages / ditches)
26-It is our duty to benefit (of / from / for / in) our natural sources.
27-The interviewer asked me about my (personal / personnel / reasonable / persistent) experience.
28-A sensible person should think (on / in / of / from) the feelings of the others.
29-Hazim (ht / passed / caught / held) the ball quickly to Ramy who scored the goal.
30-Through tolerance and cooperation, we can (improve / destroy / deform / distort) the quality of our life.
31-Our club is looking for new (managers / owners / members / founders) would you like to join it?
32-Before you leave the office, (take / make / do / have) sure that you lock all the windows.
33-The job of an (archaeologist / engineer / architect / illustrator) is to draw picture for books or magazines.
34-Eman likes telling (facts / sermons / speeches / jokes) that make us laugh.
35-Look out of the window and make a prediction about tomorrow's (whether / weather / hopes / ambition)
36-The wolf is one of the wild animals that hunt in a (zoo / cage / pack / back)
37-A team of brilliant surgeons (saved / destroyed / lost / missed) the life of the boy.
38-What are your plans (of / about / for / from) your next holiday?
39-Hala is crying, she (looks / goes / gets / grows) sad.
40-Perhaps one day, people will live on the moon because the earth is getting very (vacant / free / empty / crowded)
41-We hope our team will (win / lose / miss / score) a goal.
42-Can you tell me about the best (street / road / why / way) to study English?
43-I always advise my son not to mix (with / in / at / for) bad people.
44-The heavy loss of last year was due to a (connection / combination / contradiction / compensation) of bad management and inexperience.
45-For animals and humans, cooperation is important for their (survival / extinction / dying / disappearance)
46-These dogs have been trained to (breed / plant / hunt / raise)
47-A/An (kid / baby / young / adult) is a fully grown person.
48-I can't (imagine / imaginative / imagination / imaginary) myself flying a plane.
49-Doctors and nurses should work in (herds / flocks / personal / teams) to perform serious operations.
50-A (universal / national / local / global) magazine is the one that deals with the news of a particular area of a country.
Find the mistake in each of the following, then write them correctly
1-Family members usually show tolerant towards each other.
2-Mixing with people from other countries can improve the quantity of your life.
3-Please, tell us more about your personnel experience.
4-People should cooperate on the government to improve our country.
5-Doing decisions isn’t an easy thing.
6-Students should benefit for studying the computer at school.
7-May you past the slat to me?
8-Before you hand in your exam paper, make surely you have answered all the questions
9-Elephants live in family groups to bring about their young.
10-The Egyptians national football team list Oman 1:0.
11-He is playing in his own.
12-I'd like to go swim.
13-Would you pass the salt at me.
14-What do you plan to the next holiday?
15-Are falling better now?
16-Some wild animals usually hunt their prays at night.

Read the passage then answer the questions
It is obvious that money is anything that is widely used for making payments and accounting for debts and credits. Coins, banknotes and cheques are forms of money. As for gold, the attractiveness of gold and its resistance to corrosion تآكل ate two of the properties which led to its use for monetary transactions for thousands of years.
One of the most improvements over the simplest forms of early barter was the tendency to select one or two items in preference to there so that the preferred items partly accepted because of their qualities in acting as media of exchange. Commodities were chosen as preferred barter items for s number of reasons- some because there were conveniently and easily stored, some because they were easily portable, and some because they were durable. These commodities, being widely desired, would be easy to exchange for others and therefore they came to be accepted as money. So, it is almost impossible to define money in terms of its physical form or prosperities since these are so diverse. Therefore any definition must be based on its functions.
1-Why do people prefer gold to money?
2-What is the use of early barter system?
3-What is the definition of money?
4-THe underlined "obvious" is the same as (clear / different / difference / vague)
5-The (preference / physical form / property / function) of money is a must for its definition.
Translate the following
1-Not every decision is complicated. Most decisions are simple. When a decision affects your life and the lives of others in some important way, however, a cautious, careful decision is best.
2- I always prefer experienced teachers, doctors and lawyers because they are superiors to others. A man becomes wiser and more efficient by experience.
3-Many people say that they are too busy to go swimming or to play football. But they don’t have to do special exercises to be fit. In this case, walking or even cleaning the house is just as good for them as practising games.
4-Exercise is a good way to get rid of the street and frustration of the workplace. Consequently, people who exercise regularly feel better and do not get sick so often. This would benefit the company as a whole,
5-Sports are very useful for the character training. Boys and girls many learn at school about such virtues like unselfishness, courage and discipline but such learning can't have the same deep effect on them as that by experience.
6-The youth are the real power of any nation. Hence they must serve their country in time of peace. In time of war they must defend their country to the last breath in their lives.
7-Vegetables can now be grown throughout the year. Farmers have learned how to protect them from the weather and extreme temperatures. They do this by growing them in greenhouses made of clear plastic or glass to get the best results.


1-لكى تستمر الحياة بنجاح، لابد من التعاون بين الأفراد الذين يعملون معا.
2-ينبغى أن نتحلى جميعا بروح التسامح التى تحث عليها الأديان السماوية.
3-الصداقة شئ ثمين لا تقدر بثمن ولذلك ينبغى ان نختار أصدقائنا بدقة.
4-تكرم الدولة العلماء والأدباء البارزين فى مختلف المجالات كل عام.
5-إن الحياة فى معسكرات السباب تعلمهم التعاون والاعتماد على النفس.
6-يجب أن نتحد ونقف كرجل واحد من اجل رخاء مصر.
7-سيتضاعف عدد سكان العالم فى القرن القادم و سوف تكو مشكلة صعبة.
8-تعد الألعاب الأولمبية دعوة للسلام والتنافس الشريف بين الرياضيين.
9-تسعى الحكومة لتوفير احتياجاتنا لذا يجب علينا زيادة الإنتاج.
10-يسعى الفلسطينيين إلى استرداد حقوقهم المغتصبة.
Writing letter
Write a letter to your friend James telling him about the different activities you can do on the internet. Your name is Ahmed.

Grammar
Will + مصدر
◙يستخدم ( مصدر will+) فى الحالات الآتية
1- حقائق مستقبلية:
I will be 16 next week.
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2-تنبؤات:
I think you will enjoy our holiday.
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3-قرارات سريعة:
The phone is ringing, I will answer it.
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4-الوعد:
I will visit you next week.
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5-حالة if الأولى
If you drop this ball, it will bounce.
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6- التهديد
I will punish you if you don’t come on time.
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7-أيضا تأتى ( مصدر will+) مع تعبيرات معينة مثل
I am sure / I think / I expect / probably
I am sure it will be all right.
I expect we will win the match.
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8- الوعد
She promises she will be here soon.

Going to + مصدر
سوف
◙ تستخدم (مصدر + going to) فى الحالات الآتية
1- للتعبير عن خطط مستقبلية ، نية لحدث مستقبلى وقرارات مخطط لها.
I am going to do more exercise next year.
I have bought the tickets, I am going to travel to Aswan.
My brother is going to join the faculty of medicine.
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2-تنبؤ قائم على دليل (مع الإشارة لوجود الدليل فى الجملة)
There are no clouds in the sky. It is going to be sunny.
 ملحوظة هامة
I have decided now = will + مصدر
I have decided before = be going to + مصدر

المضارع المستمر
Am
Is+ ing
Are
◙ يستخدم المضارع المستمر للإشارة إلى ترتيبات مستقبلية وخطط مكتملة
The class is visiting the museum next week. We are meeting at 8 o'clock on Monday.
Choose the correct answer
1-Hady has planned to get married next month. This means that he (will shall / is going to / would) get married next month.
2-My sister (will / is going to / would / has) be 14 next month.
3-The doorbell is ringing, I (am opening / open / will open / am going to open) the door.
4-That water is boiling. I (will / am going to / can't / won't) turn the gas off.
5-We (haven’t met / aren’t going to meet / won't meet / aren’t meeting) again until next week.
6-He has decided to go to the match. He (will / may / might / is going to) watch it.
7-What is the matter with Gehan? I think she (will / is going / can / is able) to faint.
8-Look at those black clouds. It (will / would / should / is going to) rain.
9-A)Tea or coffee?
B) I (am going to / will / might / may) have some coffee, please.
10-She has arranged to retire next month. She (will retire / may retire / is retiring / retires) next month.
11-Ola is in hospital. Oh really? I didn’t know. I (would / will / am going to / have) visit her?
12-When do you think you (would / will / could / are going to) finish work?
13-In the year 2020 it is thought that people (will drive / would drive / are going to drive / are driving) buy a digital camera.
14-When I have saved up enough money, I (would / could / should / am going to) buy a digital camera.
15-I feel terrible, I think I (am going to / will / might / should) be sick.
16-Ahmed (will / should / could / am going to)probably arrive at about 8.
17-They intended to buy a big house. They (may / are going to / should / will) buy it.
18-I hope the stadium (is going to / would / may / will) be full for the match on Sunday.
19-I am sure you (will / might / should / are going to) not fail. You are clever.
20-A)Oh, you have got the tickets for the play.
B) Yes, I (would / will / should / am going to) see it on Friday.
21-I expect I (see / will see / would see / am going) you tomorrow.
22-We (don’t meet / weren’t meeting / are going to meet / won't met) again until next week.
23-I (am going to work / am working / will work / working) hard this year.
24-He (fly / flying / will fly / is flying) to Paris tomorrow. He has arranged it with his boss.
25-I can't meet you this evening. A friend of mine (will come / shall come / is coming / is come) to see me.
26-A)I need to post this letter.
B) I (am posting / am going to post / will post / post) the letter for you.
27-I think the weather in England (is going to be/be/would be/will be) cold and rainy.
28-She (travels / is traveling / traveled / has traveled) to London next spring.
29-I expect he (would / should will / must) pass the exam.
30-I haven’t decided yet what I (will do / going to do / do / am doing) this evening.

31-The sun is going down, it is (going to be/ will be / would be / can be) dark in half an hour.
32-Look at the helicopter coming down. It is (going to land / landing / will landing / would land) in a minute.
33-I expect they (will / can / are going to / being) be here soon.
34-I promise, I (will do / am going to do / doing / would do) for you.
35-You (are going to be / will be / would be / will being) punished if you do this again.
Find the mistake in each of the following situations then write them correctly
1-Don’t worry, I am answering the phone at once.
2-The exam is quite easy, the pupils will do it well.
3-I think our team is winning the match.
4-My father has saved enough money, he will buy a new car.
5-I expect Ramy is passing the exam.
6-I am going to go shopping with out if you like.
7-The sky is clear, it will be fine.
8-Samy has got a visa to Canada. He will go there next month.
9-I am going to have a cold drink.
10-We will build a villa next year.
11-There is a long queue at the bus stop. The bus will be crowded.
12-It is very hot. I am opening the window.
13-My uncle is going to be 60 next month.
14-The bag is heavy. I am going to carry it for you.
15-The government will build a hospital in our district next year.
16-Football players pass the ball to each other until one player can win a goal.
17-Space scientists has to work in large, complex teams to send people into space.
18-He was saved by a teen of doctors.
19-Wolves usually hunt in a back.
20-The combine of the wind and rain made diving very difficult.
21-Her intend is to pass all her final exams.
22-My predict is that you will be a successful engineer.
23-What are you do at the weekend?
24-This year I will go swimming everyday.
25-I will go on a holiday tomorrow. I have arranged everything.