شرح كامل للوحدة 4 لغة انجليزية الثالث الثانوى المرحلة الثانية

Unit 4: Writers and Stories

Key Vocabulary

competition مسابقة / منافسة develop يطور / ينمى
old-fashioned موضة قديمة district حى سكنى / مقاطعة / منطقة
routine الروتين establish يؤسس / يثبت / يرسخ
attachments مرفقات law قانون
midday منتصف اليوم pioneer رائد
custom عادة style أسلوب
publisher ناشر prize جائزة

Key Vocabulary

interpret يفسر respected position مكانة / وظيفة محترمة
explosion انفجار rules قواعد
explode ينفجر obey يطيع
report تقرير period فترة
organisation منظمة literature الأدب
national قومى / وطنى culture الثقافة
confusing محير / مُربك career الحياة العملية
fixed ثابت / محدد diplomat رجل دبلوماسى
average متوسط diplomacy الدبلوماسية
insist يصر على diplomatic دبلوماسى
article مقالة experiences خبرات / تجارب (الحياة)
extra زيادة disabled معوق
syllable مقطع (فى كلمة) disability اعاقة
editor محرر (صحفى) postman ساعى البريد
deliver يوصل tour guide مرشد سياحى
sound يبدو journalist صحفى
collect يجمع lawyer محامى
collection مجموعة editor محرر صحفى
block of flats عمارة سكنية author مؤلف
society مجتمع travel agent وكيل سياحى
traditional تقليدى politician رجل سياسة
produce ينتج political سياسة
product منتج Russian روسى
achieve يحقق / ينجز Italian ايطالى
achievement انجاز Turkish تركى
(1)
a sports teacher مدرس ألعاب tools أدوات
regard = consider يعتبر handle يتعامل مع
support يؤيد / يدعم skills مهارات
article مقالة flexible مرن
fiction الأدب القصصى / خيال readily بسهولة / حالا
heart transplant زراعة القلب challenge يتحدى / التحدى
create يخلق retire يتقاعد
beliefs معتقدات usage استخدام
behaviour سلوك reinforce يدعم / يعزز / يقوى
graduate يتخرج / خريج encounter يواجه / يقابل
experience يجرب / يعانى tolerant متسامح
widen يوسع emphatic مشارك للآخرين
horizons مدارك / آفاق opportunity فرصة
revise يراجع park منتزه / مكان انتظار السيارات
exactly تماما excellent ممتاز
particular area منطقة معينة training تدريب
describe يصف soldier جندى

Prepositions, Idioms & Expressions

at night فى الليل attach … to يلحق / يوصل ... بـ
at midday فى منتصف اليوم be made into يتم تحويله الى
at midnight فى منتصف الليل an expert on / at / in خبير فى
at dawn فى الفجر graduate in law يتخرج فى القانون
a believer in مؤمن بـ typical of له نفس صفات أو مزايا كذا
compete with يتنافس مع succeed in ينجح فى
happy with سعيد بـ adjust to يتكيف / يتأقلم على
available for ملائم لـ / مناسب لـ It gave me a headache سبب لى صداعا
provide a model for يقدم نموذج أو قدوة لـ It’s a pleasure يسعدنى ذلك
do the homework يحل الواجب go out يطفى (النور)
cut down trees يقطع الأشجار establish himself as يحقق لنفسه مكانة كـ
e-mail attachments مرفقات بالايميل work for a publisher يعمل لدى ناشر
enter a competition يدخل مسابقة look old fashioned يبدو موضة قديمة
interested in مهتم بـ have lunch يتناول الغداء
give in يسلم / يستسلم at least على الأقل




(2)
Antonyms كلمات و عكسها

Word الكلمة Antonym العكس
old-fashioned موضة قديمة fashionable على الموضة
national وطنى international عالمى
flexible مرن inflexible غير مرن
experienced ذو خبرة inexperienced بلا خبرة
simple بسيط complicated معقد
important هام unimportant غير هام

Derivatives المشتقات

Verb فعل Noun اسم Adjective صفة
attach يلحق / يرفق attachment مرفق attached مرفق / ملحق
compete ينافس / يتنافس competition منافسة competitive تنافسى
publish ينشر publisher ناشر published منشور
fashion موضة fashionable مساير للموضة
law قانون lawyer محامى
collect يجمع collection مجموعة collective جمعى
write يكتب writer كاتب written مكتوب

Definitionsتعريفات

Competition منافسة
مسابقة a situation in which people or organisations compete with each other
old-fashioned not modern and not fashionable any more
Routine الروتين the usual way in which you do things
Midday منتصف اليوم Twelve o'clock in the middle of the day.
Publisher ناشر person or company that produces books, magazines, etc., and makes them available for people to buy
Attachments ملحقات something you attach to/send with an e-mail
Custom عادة something that people do in a society because it is traditional
Develop يطور / ينمى to make a new product or idea successful
District حى سكنى
مقاطعة / منطقة an area of a city or country
Establish
يؤسس يثبت / يرسخ to achieve or give someone a respected position in society or in an organisation

(3)
Law قانون the system of rules that people in a country or place must obey
Pioneer رائد one of the first people to do something that other people will continue to develop
Style أسلوب a way of doing or making something that is typical of a particular person, group or period


Confusable Words

routine روتين (عمل نفس الأشياء فى نفس المواعيد كل يوم)
red tape الروتين الحكومى (الإجراءات الحكومية التى تؤدى إلى تعطيل العمل)
Ex: Getting up at dawn is part of his daily routine.
After a lot of red tape, he got his passport.

win (won / won) يفوز بـ / يكسب (يأتى بعده الشئ الذى نفوز به أو نكسبه)
beat (beat / beaten) يهزم / يتغلب على (يأتى بعده الشخص أو الفريق المهزوم)
gain (gained / gained) يكتسب / يزداد
earn (earned / earned) يكسب (من العمل الجاد)
Ex: win: (a medal ميدالية / a cup كأس / a race سباق / a competition مسابقة /
a match / a game an award / a prize) يفوز بـ / يكسب
beat: (someone شخص / a team فريق) يهزم
gain: experience خبرة/information معلومات / Knowledge معرفة) يكتسب
(weight وزن / height طول/ speed سرعة) يزداد
earn money / his livingيكسب المال / عيشه (من العمل الجاد)

habit عادة (شخصية ) custom عرف سائد فى المجتمع
Ex: I wish I could stop smoking. It is a very bad habit.
It is a custom in Western Europe for little boys to wear short pants بنطلون to school.

experience خبرة (اسم لا يعد و لا يسبقها أداة نكرة)
و يقصد بها المعرفة و المهارات التى يكتسبها الانسان فى العمل)
experiences مواقف / تجارب (و يقصد بها الأحداث التى يمر بها الانسان فى حياته)
experiment تجربة (تستخدم عندما نتحدث عن العلماء و أبحاثهم)
Ex: I'm afraid I don't have much sales experience.
His experiences in Germany were rather depressing.
They did a number of experiments last week.



(4)
Language Notes

a ten-minute break راحة / فسحة لمدة عشر دقائق
لاحظ عدم جمع الكلمات الدالة على الزمن أو الوقت اذا جاء قبلها عدد و بعدها اسم
Ex: a three-hour meeting اجتماع لمدة ثلاث ساعات
a two-week holiday اجازة لمدة اسبوعين

enjoy + v. + ing يستمتع بـ
Ex: I enjoy watching football matches on television.

finish + v. + ing ينتهى من
Ex: Have you finished reading the story?

the poor الفقراء – the disabled المعاقين
the rich الأغنياء – the injured المصابون استخدام the قبل بعض الصفات يحول الصفة الى اسم يدل على مجموعة
Ex: I read a collection of short stories about the poor and the disabled.

As well as + v. + ing / اسم بالاضافة الى
Ex: As well as writing novels, he also translated French literature into Arabic.
He studied English as well as French.

a day / an hour تستخدم a قبل كلمات معينة بمعني (في كل أو لكل)
Ex: Ali studies five hours a day.
He drives 80 miles an hour.

 Choose the correct answer:
1- Early black and white photos show people in (old-fashioned / black-fashioned / white-fashioned / torn) clothes.
2- The Sun is at its strongest at (midnight-evening-dawn-midday).
3- I do not really have a (protein-routine-valentine-bulletin) during the holidays.
4- My friend and I are going to enter an athletics (connection-combination-competition-compression). We all hope to win something.
5- I sent an e-mail with two (attachments-letters-parts-posts). They were photos of my friends.
6- I really enjoyed this book. It is written in a very simple (system-design-style-way).
7- Yehia Haqqi came from a poor (district-capital-road-way) of Cairo.
8- My brother wants to be a lawyer when he graduates, so he's studying (fashion-law-medicine-straw) at university.
9- Magdi Yacoub was one of the first heart transplant (captains-players-pioneers-astronauts).
10- Scientists are paid to (avoid-develop-work-do) new medicines every year to help people.
(5)
11- In my grandfather's village, they still follow the same traditional (customs-habits-stations-costumes) that he used to follow when he was a boy.
12- My sister loves clothes and buys very (changeable-believable-fashionable-comparable) dresses.
13- His first job was as a (law-lawyer-lawful-lower).
14- A (diplomat-publisher-producer-performer) is someone who produces books, newspapers or magazines.
15- My parents gave me a (team-competition-connection-collection) of modern short stories for my birthday.
16- Yehia Haqqi was an important twentieth century (writer-fighter-teacher-comedian).
17- I have a ten (minutes-minute-minute’s-minutes’) break for something to eat at midday.
18- When I was seven I wrote a poem which (beat-gained-earned-won) a prize.
19- I enjoy (read-reading-with reading-to read) novels when I was a young child.
20- As well as being an important writer, he was an expert (with-of-on-about) Arabic culture.
21- He graduated in law and worked as a (doctor-dentist-teacher-lawyer).
22- In 1929, he began his (carrier-career-courier-carefree) as a diplomat
23- The time he spent abroad gave him (experiments-explosions-expenses-experiences) he later used in his writing.
24- Haqqi’s first short story was (declared-published-advertised-consumed) in 1925.
25- As well as (write-writing-wrote-to write) novels, he also translated French literature into Arabic.
26- Haqqi’s story, The Postman, was (done-worked-played-made) into a film.
27- Haqqi was interested (in-at-of-by) the Arabic language.
28- He (spoilt-did-devolved-directed) a new style of writing which is respected today.
29- He was a very strong believer (in-at-of-with) the power of education.
30- It was interesting hearing about his (experiments-experts-exports-experiences) as a policeman.
31- A lot of people (support-suppose-suggest-import) Al Ahly Club.
32- They told us that we have to give (up-off-out-in) our homework on Thursday.
33- They cut (out-down-into-on) five trees in the bark.
34- Yesterday evening, I (devised-reversed-revised-reserved) for my English test.
35- He writes two short stories (in-a-an-some) month.
36- Using the computer for a long time (does-makes-works-gives) me a headache.
37- He (tested-experienced-examined-touched) many different and interesting ideas in his work.
38- Education can give everyone the (opportunity-occasion-opposition-supposition) to be successful.
39- His first short story (developed-did-provided-established) him as one of the great short story writers of the Arab world.
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40- My wealth people offer help to the poor and the (disability-ability-disables-capability).
41- When the employee reaches the age of 60, he / she (recycles-retires-starves-survives).
42- Solving the problem of shortage of water is one of the (challenges-charities-changes-charms) faced by many countries today.
43- After he (graduated-generated-graded-grew) in law, he worked as a lawyer.
44- Have you finished (read-to read-have read-reading) the magazine?
45- My uncle works in politics. He is a (magician-musician-diplomat-politician).
46- My brother is a journalist. He wrote (an essay-an article-a composition-a letter) about the bad effects of global warming.
47- Small supermarkets have to cut their prices to (compete-contain-confess-conclude) with the big supermarkets.
48- If you don’t (break-crash-obey-disobey) traffic rules, you’ll be punished.
49- This painting is (lyrical-historical-typical-economical) of his early work.
50- My cousin works (out-on-up-for) a computer company in Cairo.

 Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write it correctly:
1- She sent me the report as an e-mail letter.
2- Yehia Haqqi was a strong belief in the power of education.
3- His first job was as a law.
4- My sister loves clothes and buys very fashion dresses.
5- A publication is someone who produces books, newspapers or magazines.
6- He wrote a collective of short stories about the poor and the disabled.
7- Yehia Haqqi was an important twentieth century writing.
8- Yehia Haqqi was one of the astronauts of modern Egyptian literature.
9- Yehia Haqqi was born in 1905 in the Sayyida Zeinab country of Cairo.
10- Haqqi wrote about Arab society and costumes in the twentieth century.
11- Yehia Haqqi is thought of as the mother of the modern short story in Egypt.
12- Yehia Haqqi's novels were translated with many languages.
13- Yehia Haqqi developed a new stale of writing.
14- He was interested on the ancient Egyptian history.
15- This dress look old-fashion.

 Translate into English:
1- There has been a massive explosion in the types of writing that we see now. Traditionally, there were books, magazines, articles, letters, notes and reports. Now we have e-mails, web pages, texts and many more.
2- In the modern world, most people do more than one job in their working career. Jobs and the skills needed to do them change with new technology and new ideas. People need to be flexible to adjust readily to new challenges.
(7)
3- Reading literature improves your education. It can reinforce your experiences and describe new and exciting experiences. It introduces you to other people’s experiences and cultures which help you to become more tolerant and emphatic towards and others.

 Translate into English:
1- كان يحيى حقى يؤمن بقوة التعليم و قام بتدعيم العديد من الكتاب المصرين الشباب.
2- كان يحيى حقى خبيرا فى الثقافة العربية.
3- ان قراءة الأدب توسع مداركنا و تعلمنا أدوات جديدة للتعامل مع خبرات المستقبل.
4- يعتبر يحيى حقى من رواد الأدب المصرى الحديث.
5- كتب يحيى حقى مجموعة من القصص القصيرة عن الفقراء و المعاقين.
6- كان يحيى حقى مهتما باللغة العربية و قام بتطوير أسلوب جديد فى الكتابة.


Language Focus

Past Simple Tense زمن الماضى البسيط

 Form: التكوين

Active المبنى للمعلوم التصريف الثانى للفعل
Passive المبنى للمجهول Was / were + pp
Ex: At the age of seven, my parents took me to Jordon.
At the age of seven, I was taken to Jordon by my parents.

 Usage: الاستخدام
 يعبر الماضى البسيط عن حدث بدأ وانتهى فى الماضى.
- We met in 1987. - We didn’t meet in Egypt. Where did we meet?
 يستخدم الماضى البسيط مع الكلمات الآتية:
Yesterday أمس - ago منذ last .. ... الماضى - In the past فى الماضى
Once ذات مرة - once upon a time ذات مرة - In old times فى العصور القديمة
In ancient times فى العصور القديمة - one day فى يوم من الأيام
The other day (week-month-year)منذ أيام (أسابيع / شهور / سنوات) قليلة
In 1999 - when I was young

Past Continuous Tense الماضى المستمر

 Form:التكوين

Active المبنى للمعلوم was / were + v. + ing
Passive المبنى للمجهول was / were + being + pp
Ex: Somebody phoned me while I was cooking the dinner.
Somebody phoned me while the dinner was being cooked.

(8)
 Usage:الاستخدام
 يعبر الماضى المستمر عن حدث مستمر أثناء وقت معين فى الماضى.
- Between six and half past six this morning, I was having breakfast.
 يعبر الماضى المستمر عن حدث كان مستمرا عندما قطعه حدث آخر فى الماضى.
- I was having a shower when the phone rang.
 يعبر الماضى المستمر عن حدثين كانا يحدثان فى نفس الوقت.
- While father was watching TV, mother was cooking in the kitchen.
 يستخدم الماضى المستمر مع الكلمات الآتية:
while بينما - as بينما- just as فى اللحظة التى- when عندما
all day yesterday = the whole day yesterday طوال اليوم أمس
all the time طوال الوقت - for an hour yesterday لمدة ساعة أمس

- While he was leaving the house, the phone rang.
- As he was leaving the house, the phone rang.
- While Just as he was leaving the house, the phone rang.
 يمكن أن يأتى بعد when ماضى بسيط ثم ماضى مستمر أو العكس حسب المعنى.
- I was studying English when the lights went out.
- The lights went out when I was studying English.
يمكن أن يأتى بعد because ماضى مستمر و الفعل الأخر ماضى بسيط.
- Magdy couldn’t hear the phone because he was having a shower.

فى حالة عدم وجود فاعل بعد while نستخدم فعل ينتهى بـ ing :
- While I was having lunch, the phone rang.
 يمكن أن نستخدم During بدلا من While و يأتى بعدها فعل ينتهى بـ ing أو اسم:
- During having lunch, the phone rang.
- During my lunchtime, the phone rang.
 يمن أن نستخدم on بدلا من When و يأتى بعدها فعل ينتهى بـ ing أو اسم:
- On seeing the police, the thief ran away.

Past Perfect زمن الماضى التام

 Form: التكوين

Active مبنى للمعلوم had + pp
Passive مبنى للمجهول had been + pp
Ex: As soon as he had taken the photograph, he showed it to his friend.
As soon as the photograph had been taken, it was shown to his friend.

 usage: الاستخدام
 يستخدم الماضى التام للتعبير عن حدث وقع قبل حدث آخر فى الماضى.
 يستخدم الماضى التام مع هذه الروابط:
After / When / As soon as + past perfect + past simple
Before / By the time + past simple + past perfect
Negative past simple + till / until + past perfect
(9)
Ex: After he had done his homework, he watched television.
When he had read the novel, he watched TV.
As soon as he had found a place, he parked his car.
Before he parked TV, he had found a place.
By the time the police arrived, the thief had escaped.
He didn’t park his car until he had found a place.

Present perfect simple tense زمن المضارع التام

 Form: التكوين

Active مبنى للمعلوم Has / have + pp
Passive مبنى للمجهول Has / have + been + pp
Ex: Something is wrong with his car, so he has taken it to the garage.
Something is wrong with his car, so it has been taken to the garage.

 Usage: الاستخدام
 يعبر المضارع التام عن حدث بدأ فى الماضى و مازال مستمرا فى الحاضر.
- I have lived in Cairo for many years. = I still live there.
 يعبر المضارع التام عن حدث انتهى فى الماضى و لازالت آثاره باقية حتى الآن.
- I’ve lost my keys. = I can’t open the door.
 يستخدم المضارع التام مع هذه الكلمات.
 already: تأتى فى الأسئلة و الجمل المثبتة
- Have you already written to John?
- He has already had dinner.
- I have seen the film already.
 just: تأتى فى الجمل المثبتة
- I’ve just spoken to Ahmed on the phone.
 yet: تأتى فى نهاية الأسئلة و الجمل المنفية
- Has he arrived yet?
- They haven't eaten yet.
 ever:
no one / no body / nothing تأتى فى الأسئلة و بعد صفات التفضيل و الجمل التى تبدأ بـ
- Have you ever been to the zoo?
- This is the most exciting film I have ever seen.
- Nothing like this has ever happened to us.
 never: تستخدم فى الجمل المنفية
- No, I have never been to the zoo.
 so far / lately / recently:
- He has typed five letters so far.
- It has been hot lately.
- He has bought a new mobile recently.

(10)
 for: و يأتى بعدها مدة زمنية
- He has lived in Cairo for 10 years.
 since: يأتى بعدها بداية الحدث أو جملة فى زمن الماضى البسيط
- I haven’t seen him since last week.
- I haven’t seen him since he left for Cairo.
It’s the first time I have ever seen a lion.
 لاحظ التركيب التالى:
It’s / It’s been + مدة زمنية + since ماضى بسيط مثبت
- It’s ages since I last saw him.
 كما يستخدم المضارع التام مع هذه التعبيرات
 It’s/This is the first (second …) time …..
 It’s (This) is the only ……
 In the last few years / months فى السنوات الأخيرة
 In recent years فى السنوات الحديثة
 over the ages / over the years / over the centuries علي مر العصور/ السنين/القرون
Ex: It’s the first time I have been to London.
This is the only friend I have met there.
Egypt has changed a lot in the last few years.

Used to + inf. اعتاد على

 نستخدم مصدر used to + للتعبير عن التناقض بين العادات أو المواقف فى الماضى و الحاضر.
- He used to swim everyday. He doesn't do this now.
- He used to smoke, but now he doesn't.
وفي حالة النفى نستخدم: مصدر didn't use + :
- I didn’t use to play computer games, but now I do.
وفي حالة السؤال نستخدم: مصدر to + + فاعل did + :
- Did you use to walk to school?
- Where did you use to live?
 تستخدم no longer بدلا من used to ويأتي بعدها الفعل في زمن الضارع البسيط:
- He used to smoke. = He no longer smokes.
 تستخدمany more / any longer بدلا من used to مع نفى الفعل في المضارع البسيط و تأتى في نهاية الجملة:
- He used to smoke. = He doesn't smoke any more.

 Choose the correct answer:
1- I (used to read-was reading-had read-have read) the newspaper everyday. Now I don’t have the time.
2- As soon as he (takes-has taken-will take-had taken) the photograph, he showed it to his friend.
3- I (was taken-took-was taking-had taken) to a football match at the weekend.
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4- I (already saw-have already seen-had already seen-was already seeing) the film before I read the book.
5- What (did you do-were you doing-have you done-do you do) when I called you?
6- I (have had-had-had had-was having) my own computer for three years now.
7- While I (did-was doing-have done-doing) my homework, my sister was listening to music.
8- The windows at school (cleaned-were cleaning-were cleaned-had cleaned) this morning.
9- We (told-were telling-have told-were told) to give in our homework on Tuesday.
10- I (enjoy-was enjoying-enjoyed-have enjoyed) reading novels since I was a young child.
11- Yesterday, my sister gave me a book she (had finished-has finished-finished-was finished) reading the day before.
12- The parcel (delivered-was delivering-was delivered-had delivered) when I was reading the newspaper.
13- I (used to read-was reading-had read-have read) at least one book a week, but now I don’t read so many.
14- I’ve played football (since-for-ago-from) five years.
15- We (haven’t decided-didn’t decide-hadn’t decided-don’t decide) what to do for the holidays yet.
16- At the age of seven, my parents (are taking-were taking-took-take) me to Jordan.
17- Someone phoned me while I (cook-was cooked-am cooking-was cooking) the dinner.
18- Something is wrong with his car, so he (has taken-has been taken-was taken-is being taken) it to the garage.
19- I (have seen-saw-would see-was seen) him a few days ago.
20- Hamlet (wrote-had written-was written-was writing) by Shakespeare.
21- I used to (drove-drive-driving-driven) very slowly. I drive faster now.
22- He didn’t (use-using-uses-used) to need much sleep. He does now.
23- Somebody phoned me while the dinner (was cooking-was being cooked-cooked-had been cooked).
24- While father (was reading-read-had read-has read) the paper, mother was cooking dinner.
25- Where did you (used-using-use-uses) to play when you were young?

 Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write them correctly:
1- Twenty million people saw the new film already.
2- My parents use to live in a small flat in the city centre.
3- Yesterday evening, we revised for our English test when all the lights went out.
4- I attend this school for five years.
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5- Our school was opening exactly 25 years ago today.
6- She played the piano since the age of six and she still plays every day.
7- Our block of flats build five years ago.
8- Five trees cut down a week ago.
9- Yesterday evening, the programme watched by a million people.
10- Did you used to play with dolls?
11- I have seen him yesterday.
12- The washing machine delivers while I was reading the newspaper.
13- I am used to reading at least one book a week, but now I don't read so many.
14- While I come to school today, I met an old friend.
15- The room clean when the earthquake happened.


Language Functions

Asking for opinion
طلب الرأى Giving opinion
اعطاء الرأى
How do you think (we can reduce pollution)? I think that ..
What's your opinion about (modern novels)? I don't think that ..
What do you think I should do (to improve my English)? I'd say that …
What do you think of / about (yesterday's match)? As far as I am concerned ..
In my opinion ..
In my point of view ..

 Respond to each of the following situations:
1- A friend asks for your opinion about the problem of pollution.
2- You ask a friend what he used to read when he was young.
3- Someone asks for your opinion about Yehia Haqqi.
4- You ask for your friend’s opinion about modern technology.









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Test 4 (Unit 4 & Chapters 1 & 2)

A) Language Functions

1- Respond to each of the following situations:
1- A friend asks for your opinion about modern novels.
2- Someone asks you what you were doing at six o'clock yesterday evening,
3- Someone asks you what you think the best thing is about short stories. Give your opinion.
4- A friend asks you what you used to read when you were five.

2- Mention the place, the speakers and the language function in each of the following two mini-dialogues:
1- A: I’d like to know what is on today. Place:
B: It’s an action film. Speaker A:
A: When does the last programme start? Speaker B:
B: At 12 p.m. Function
A: Ok. Book me a seat, please.

2- A: How would you like to pay for your suit? Place:
B: By credit card. Speaker A:
A: Well. Shall I put it in a bag for you? Speaker B:
B: Yes, please. Function:

B) Vocabulary and Structure

3-Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d:
1- When I was at school I won a poetry writing ………………….
a) race b) article c) competition d) game
2- I really enjoy reading Agatha Christie’s novels. I particularly like her ………….
a) way b) styles c) system d) design
3- They have just received this photo as an e-mail …………….
a) post b) attachment c) letter d) part
4- My daily ……………… starts when my alarm o’clock goes off at 6.30.
a) routine b) habit c) custom d) way
5- Yehia Haqqi was one of the ……………… of modern Egyptian literature.
a) careers b) goers c) astronauts d) pioneers
6- I have got a valuable stamp …………………… .
a) connection b) collection c) infection d) team
7- In my country, it's the ……………… for women to get married in white.
a) habit b) costume c) custom d) customary
8- I just have a sandwich …………… midday for my meal.
a) at b) in c) on d) with
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9- We arrived an hour late. The film …………… half an hour before.
a) began b) was beginning c) had begun d) has begun
10- Agatha Christie’s books …………….. into more than 40 languages.
a) have been translated b) were being translated c) translatedd) have translated
11- The Romans ………… Petra nearly two thousand years ago.
a) were captured b) had captured c) have captured d) captured
12- When I was younger, I ……………… go swimming every day.
a) usually b) used c) use d) used to
13- My uncle ………… at university for three years. She comes home every weekend.
a) is b) has been c) is being d) had been
14- I heard him come in while we …………… dinner.
a) were having b) had c) had had d) has had
15- As soon as the photograph ………….., it was shown to his friend.
a) had been taken b) had taken c) has been taken d) took
16- Somebody phoned me while the dinner ………………….
a) was being cooked b) was cooking c) was cooked d) cooked

4-Find the mistake in each of the following sentences, then write it correctly:
1- Traveling by plane sometimes makes me a headache.
2- My uncle is an export on Information Technology.
3- My brother is fond of fashion clothes.
4- We moved to this house two years ago today. So we lived here for two years.
5- When I was younger, I use to play tennis everyday.
6- The prisoner of Zenda was wrote by Anthony Hope.

C) Reading

5-Read the following passage, then answer the questions:
Sleep is a powerful influence on our lives. The traditional theory about sleep is that our brain needs to rest for several hours to refresh itself and to “file” in our memory everything that happened to us during the day. If we are not allowed to sleep, we eventually die.
However, Ray Meddis, a scientist at university, has a fascinating new theory. He suggests that we don’t really need to sleep at all. We sleep only because our brain is programmed to make us do so. According to Dr Meddis, the tiredness we feel at the end of the day is produced by a chemical mechanism in the brain which makes us sleep. We are programmed to feel sleepy at midnight, even if we have spent the whole day relaxing or doing nothing. He believes that the unpleasant symptoms we suffer when we don’t sleep enough are not because we have not
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rested but because we have disobeyed our brain’s programming. But he believes that if scientists could turn off the sleep mechanism in our brain, we could live completely normal lives without sleeping.

A) Answer the following Questions:
1- What happens if people don’t sleep?
2- According to Dr Meddis, could we live without sleeping? Why?
3- What is Dr Meddis theory about the reason for tiredness??

B) Choose the correct answer from a, b, c, or d:
4- The traditional view is that we sleep because ………………….
a) we are programmed to do so b) the brain needs to rest
c) the body needs to rest d) the memory needs to rest
5- The word “file” means ………………….. .
a) to cut b) to record c) to walk d) to find

6-Read the following passage, then answer the questions:
Call me old-fashioned. Call me old. Call me what you want, but I refuse to become part of this new Internet world. I don’t possess a computer at home or at the office. Actually, I stopped going to an office 35 years ago, when all communications were done in a relaxed manner with a pen, a typewriter or over the telephone. Tell me what you think of the following and that appeared the other day in the newspaper. It was for a cure for cancer and that is what is said: “Awareness is the key. Visit spfulford.com at the awareness site.” There was no address or telephone number for the site. So what do unfortunate people without a computer do if they are seeking a cure for their illness? There are, I am told, certain advantages in having access to the Internet. The internet users can pay bills, order groceries or discuss illness with their doctor. In the future, the internet may develop “consciousness”. In other words, the internet will be able to think, have feelings and act on its own. If this is right, I may change my attitude about computers. As I grow older each day, I would like a gadget that not only thinks for me but also accepts responsibility for all my mistakes

A) Give short answers to the following questions:
1- What did the writer think was wrong with the internet and for cancer cure?
2- What are the three things that people do on the internet?
3- What would the writer like a computer to do for him?

B) Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d:
4- The internet may develop “consciousness” means it will be able to …………….. .
a) cure diseases b) take responsibility for our actions
c) think, have feelings and act on its own d) think for the writer

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5- When the writer was younger, people communicated with each other by ……
a) advertising on the web b) writing letters or talking on the phone
c) communicating with computers d) using mobile telephones

The Mask of Gold

7-A) Answer the following questions:
1- Why is the laser machine a secret?
2- Where was Leila’s first dig?

B) Read the following quotation and answer the questions:
“Dr Hafez, I think we need to go. The plane to Cuzco leaves very soon, doesn't it?"
1- Why was Leila in such a hurry?
2- Why were they going to Cuzco?

C) Complete the following sentences:
1- The Incas conquered the Chimu, …………………………………………….……………….
2- Although the Incas didn’t have any writing, ………………………………………………

D) Writing

8-Write a paragraph of about 100 words on:
The importance of literature and education

9- A) Translate into Arabic:
Egypt has a strong cultural history. Some of the great Arab writers, musicians and craftsmen are Egyptians. Tawfik Al Hakim, Naguib Mahfouz and Yehia Haqqi were probably the best known writers in Arabic.

B) Translate into English:
1-كل عام يسلم رئيس الجمهورية الكتاب و العلماء المتميزين جوائز قيمة.
2-كتب يحيى حقى قنديل أم هاشم و التى كان لها تأثير ايجابى على الواية العربية. .