شرح كامل للوحدة 8 لغة انجليزية الثالث الثانوى المرحلة الثانية

Unit 8: Dr Jekyll and Dr Hyde

Tape Script

Presenter: Hello, and welcome to The Book Programme. I’d like to start by telling you something that happened last night. As I was going to bed, I saw that my son’s bedroom light was still on. I knocked on the door and went in. My son was reading in bed. I complained that it was rather late and that it was time for him to go to sleep. I said he would be tired the next day. My son explained that his book was exciting and he wouldn’t be able to sleep until he’d finished it. When I asked him what he was reading, he said, ‘Treasure Island’- probably the most popular book by the writer we’re looking at today: Robert Louis Stevenson. My guest is Sally Spencer, who’s writing a biography of Stevenson. Sally – could you tell us about Stevenson’s life?
Sally Spencer: Certainly. It’s not surprising that your son enjoyed Treasure Island. It was written in 1883 and has been a bestseller ever since. The author, Robert Louis Stevenson, was born in Edinburgh, Scotland, in 1850. As a child, he had health problems and spent a lot of time in bed. In 1867, he went to Edinburgh University to study engineering. However, he was more interested in literature. Stevenson soon told his father he wanted to be a writer.
Presenter: What did his father think about that?
Sally Spencer: He was disappointed as he wanted his son to have a respectable profession. He wanted him to be an engineer like him. But he said his son could be a writer if that was what he wanted.
Presenter: Did he start writing immediately?
Sally Spencer: No, he didn’t. In 1873, he was very ill and his doctor told him he should go abroad to recuperate. That’s why he went to the south of France, where he started to write essays, reviews and short stories.
Presenter: When did he start writing novels?
Sally Spencer: Well, he wrote his best works, including Treasure Island, Kidnapped and Dr Jekyll and Mr. Hyde between 1880 and 1887.
Presenter: Was he living in Britain during this time?
Sally Spencer: Yes. He lived in Britain until 1887, when his father died. Later, Stevenson and his wife sailed to the South Seas and visited the island of Samoa. The climate there was good for Stevenson’s health and they liked it so much that they decided to live there permanently.
Presenter: Did he ever go back to Scotland?
Sally Spencer: No, he didn’t. He stayed in Samoa and continued writing until he died in 1894.
Presenter: Thank you, Sally. I must admit, I found Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde even more exciting than Treasure Island. When my son reads them both, I’ll ask him if he agrees.
(1)
Reading: Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde

 Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde takes place in London in the nineteenth century. Dr Henry Jekyll, a respected scientist, is doing research into human nature. He believes that human beings have a good and evil side and that these sides are always in conflict. Dr Jekyll’s colleagues disagree with his ideas and disapprove of his research. So Dr Jekyll starts doing secret experiments on himself to prove his ideas. He takes special medicine, which changes not only his character, but also his appearance. For a short time after he takes the medicine, he becomes Mr Hyde, an evil man who looks frightening, has a violent personality and commits terrible crimes.
 Later, friends think something strange is happening when Dr Jekyll rewrites his will, leaving everything to Mr Hyde, a man they do not know. They worry more when the police start asking questions about Mr Hyde. Who is this stranger who is never seen at the same time as Dr Jekyll? They think that Dr Jekyll may be protecting Hyde from the police, or that Hyde is blackmailing Dr Jekyll.
 Dr Jekyll has now proved that human nature is both good and evil, but soon he starts to enjoy being Mr Hyde. He changes into Mr Hyde more often and finds it more difficult to change back into Mr Jekyll.
 Eventually Dr Jekyll changes into Mr Hyde without taking any medicine and finds he cannot change back again. This means that he cannot leave his house, because someone might see him and he might be arrested. The story ends badly for “both” characters.


Key Vocabulary

admit يعترف / يقر blackmail يبتز / ابتزاز
biography سيرة حياة شخص colleague زميل عمل
knock يطرق / طرقة commit يرتكب
permanently بصفة دائمة crime جريمة
profession مهنة human nature الطبيعة البشرية
recuperate يتعافى / يستجم in conflict فى حالة صراع
respectable محترم personality شخصية
appearance مظهر will وصية / ارادة

Vocabulary

illness مرض disagreement خلاف / عدم اتفاق
injury اصابة legal شرعى
socially اجتماعيا document وثيقة / مستند
acceptable مقبول human beings البشر
morally أخلاقيا the evil side الجانب الشرير
(2)
complain يشكو the good side الجانب الخير
complaint شكوى violent عنيف
guess يخمن violence العنف
guest ضيف eventually فى النهاية
best-seller كتاب يحقق أعلى نسبة مبيعات recognize يتعرف على
disappointed محبط demand يطلب / طلب
immediately فى الحال criminal مجرم / اجرامى
relaxing مريح friendly ودود
honest أمين helpful متعاون / مفيد
honesty الأمانة match يلائم (المقاس)
changing room حجرة تغيير الملابس trust ثقة / يثق
appointment موعد directions اتجاهات
threaten يهدد control يتحكم فى
illegal غير شرعى a fortnight أسبوعان
behaviour سلوك personally شخصيا
faults أخطاء swimming pool حمام سباحة
qualities صفات treasure كنز
character شخصية essay مقال
title عنوان serious crime جريمة خطيرة
entitled بعنوان specifically على وجه التحديد
property ملكية review مقال نقدي / عرض (كتاب / فيلم)
strange غريب target هدف
stranger شخص غريب explain يشرح / يفسر
presenter مقدم برامج explanation شرح / تفسير
medical profession مهنة الطب patience الصبر
modernize يحدث (يجعله حديثا) rate معدل / نسبة
consumption الاستهلاك food security الامن الغذائى
cultivable land أرض صالحة للزراعة invade يغزو

Prepositions, Idioms & Expressions

attract attention يجذب الانتباه tell secrets يفشى الأسرار
get better يتحسن do research into / on يجرى أبحاث على
associate … with يربط ... بـ disapprove of لا يوافق على
The light is on النور مضاء approve of يوافق على / يستحسن
The light is off النور غير مضاء do experiments on يجرى تجارب على
go to sleep يذهب للنوم believe in يؤمن بـ
knock on (at) the door يطرق على الباب kind to عطوف على
go in يدخل look your best تبدو فى أجمل صورة
live on the island يعيش على الجزيرة take place يحدث
belong to يخص / ينتمىالى make medicine يعمل دواء
(3)
go back to يعود الى take medicine يأخذ دواء
under control تحت السيطرة come shopping يأتىللتسوق
have interest in لديه اهتمام بـ try out يقيس (ملابس)
behave towards يتصرف نحو be committed to يكون ملتزما بـ
worn out مرهق in different directions فى اتجاهات مختلفة

Antonyms كلمات و عكسها

Word الكلمة Antonym العكس
honest أمين dishonest غير أمين
friendly ودود unfriendly غير ودود
helpful متعاون helpless غير نافع
admit يقبل / يقر / يعترف deny ينكر
permanent دائم temporary مؤقت
evil شرير good خير
approve يوافق / يستحسن disapprove لا يوافق
respect احترام disrespect عدم احترام
natural طبيعى artificial صناعى

Derivatives المشتقات

Verb فعل Noun اسم Adjective صفة Adverb ظرف
recuperate يستجم recuperation استجمام
biography
سيرة حياة شخص biographical
متعلق بسيرة شخص
admit يعترف / يقر admissionاعتراف / قبول
respect يحترم respect احترام respected محترم
respectable محترم
profession مهنة professional
مهنى professionally
بطريقة مهنية
permanent دائم permanently
بشكل دائم

Definitionsتعريفات

Admit يعترف / يقر agree or say that something is true, although you do not want to
biography كتاب سيرة شخص a book about a person's life
Knock يطرق hit a door with your hand in order to attract someone's attention
(4)
Permanently بشكل دائم for all future time, or for a very long time
Profession مهنة a job that needs special education and training
Recuperate يستجم to spend time getting better after an illness, injury, etc.
Respectable محترم
جدير بالاحترام behaving in a way that people think is socially acceptable or morally right
Appearance مظهر The way someone looks to other people
Blackmail يبتز to make someone pay you money or do what you want by threatening to tell secrets about them
Colleague زميل A person you work with
Commit a crime
يرتكب جريمة do something illegal
Human nature
الطبيعة الشرية behaviour, faults qualities. etc. that are typical of ordinary people
In conflict
فى حالة صراع a situation of disagreement or fighting between people or groups or ideas
Personality شخصية someone's character, especially the way they behave towards other people
Will وصية a legal document in which you say who you want to give your money and property to after you die

Confusable Words

work عمل / مكان العمل ( اسم لا يعد و لا يسبقها أداة )
job وظيفة / عمل (اسم يعد و يجمع و تشير الى عمل منتظم لكسب المال)
profession مهنة أو عمل يتطلب قدرا كبيرا من التدريب والتعليم مثل الطب والمحاماة والتدريس
career المستقبل الوظيفي / الفترة التي يقضيها الشخص في وظيفة معينة
Ex: It takes a lot of work to build a house.
Mr. Mark leaves work at two o’clock every day.
It’s very difficult to find a job at the moment
He left the teaching profession to set up his own business.
He has a long career in journalism. الصحافة

biography سيرة حياة شخص (بقلم شخص آخر)
autobiography سيرة ذاتية (بقلم الشخص نفسه)
Ex: He wrote a biography of William Shakespeare.
The TV series “Al Ayam” was based on the autobiography of Taha Hussein.

respected يحظى بالاحترام و الاعجاب بسبب عمله أو انجازاته
Respectable محترم (يتصرف بطريقة مقبولة اجتماعيا و أخلاقيا)
Respectful يظهر الاحترام لـ
Ex: Dr Magdi Yacoub is a respected heart surgeon.
She is a respectable young woman from a good family
We should be respectful towards elderly people.
(5)
human بشرى / انسانى humane عطوف
Ex: The human body is composed of about 60% water.
The humane way of dealing with a suffering animal is to kill it quickly.

special خاص (يتميز عن غيره)
private خاص (يمتلكه أو يستخدمه شخص أو مجموعة)
Ex: special occasion مناسبة / train / clothes / care رعاية / friend
private car / school / letter / life / hospital / visit


Language Notes

admit + v. + ing يعترف / يقر / يقبل admit + جملة يعترف / يقر / يقبل
Ex: They admitted stealing the money.
They admitted that they had stolen the money.

suggest + v. + ing يقترح suggest + فاعل + مصدر / should + مصدر يقترح
Ex: Tom suggested going to the club.
Tom suggested we go to the club.
Tom suggested we should go to the club.

would rather + مصدر يفضل Would prefer + to + مصدر يفضل
Ex: I’d rather have dinner now.
I’d prefer to have dinner now.

would rather + مصدر …………… than + مصدر يفضل ...... على
would rather + مصدر / اسم …………… than + اسم يفضل ...... على
Ex: I’d rather go to the cinema than watch TV.
I’d rather have coffee than tea.

prefer + v. + ing / اسم ………… to + v. + ing / اسم يفضل ...... على
(would) prefer + to + مصدر ………… rather than + مصدر يفضل ...... على
Ex: I prefer driving to traveling by train.
I prefer tea to coffee.
I prefer to drive rather than travel by train.

It’s time + to + مصدر لقد حان وقت
It’s time for + اسم لقد حان وقت
It’s time + فاعل + ماضى بسيط لقد حان وقت
Ex: It’s time to go to school.
It’s time for school.
It’s time we went to school.

make + مفعول + مصدر يجعل / يجبر
Ex: The medicine made him do terrible things.
(6)
@ Choose the correct answer:
1- My brother went on holiday to Aswan. Now he's decided to live there (strangely-permanently-suddenly-particularly).
2- I thought the test would be easy, but I must (admit-speak-deny-disapprove) that I'm finding it quite difficult.
3- Someone (hit-broke-knocked-called) on our door late last night, but I didn't open it.
4- All my friends come from very (respect-respecting-respectable-respective) families.
5- My grandfather is (recreating-recuperating-regarding-recalling) at the moment after a long illness.
6- I'm reading a new (biology-autobiography-biography-geography) of William Shakespeare. He had a very interesting life.
7- Ali wasn't badly injured in the accident, but his (recuperation-health-cover-recreation) took longer than we thought.
8- I've worked in a lot of different places. Now I'd like a more (permanent-auxiliary-temporary-partial) job.
9- You can find (geographical-chemical-biographical-biological) information about many writers on the internet.
10- Doctors and nurses belong to the medical (work-job-career-profession).
11- When he said he was sorry, it was (a denial-an admission-a disagreement-an entrance) that he was wrong.
12- I (agree-disapprove-except-respect) people who are honest and do hard work.
13- If you are a doctor, it's very important to behave (professionally-artificially-strangely-profession) towards your patients.
14- She has a very nice (person-personality-personal-personally). She's kind to everyone she meets.
15- People who (commit-make-play-take) serious crimes should be sent to prison.
16- He left everything to his son in his (well-shell-willing-will).
17- When my brother started his new job, all his (people-colleagues-workers-relatives) were friendly and helpful.
18- If you are going to a job interview, your (appearance-acquaintance-allowance-audience) is important. You must look your best.
19- Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde (takes-makes-does-acts) place in London.
20- Dr Jekyll was (taking-making-doing-acting) research into human nature.
21- He (did-planned-made-gave) a special medicine for himself.
22- When he (gave-did-put-took) the medicine, he changed into Mr Hyde.
23- The medicine (made-took-had-acted) him do terrible things.
24- Human beings have a good and an evil side that are always in (fight-war-quarrel-conflict).
25- They used the photographs to (blackmail-blackjack-blacksmith-blacken) her into spying for them.
26- It's only human (conflict-life-will-nature) to want the best for your children.
27- I hadn't seen her for 20 years, but I (recognized-knew-understood-noticed) her immediately.

(7)
28- (Person-Personally-Personality-Personnel), I think the show is going to be a great success.
29- Scientists are (doing-getting-taking-working) experiments to test the new drug.
30- Would you like to come (shop-to shop-shopping-to shopping) with me?
31- He believes (at-in-with-of) saying what he thinks.
32- We were deeply (disappoint-disappointing-disappointed-appointed) about the result.
33- Although she had been ill for a long time, it still came as a shock when she (actually-eventually-eventual-usually) died.
34- How about (go-going-went-to go) to the swimming pool?
35- It seems that the disease is now (under-over-below-beneath) control.
36- If you are going to a job interview, you must look your (good-better-well-best).
37- I’d rather (have-had-having-has) orange juice.
38- He prefers watching rugby (than-rather than-to-more than) playing it.
39- I've always had an (interest-interesting-interested-interestingly) in astronomy.
40- Some parents don’t (prove-improve-approve-agree) of their children watching a lot of television.
41- James Bond novels have been best (seller-sell-sale-sales) since they were first written.
42- She suggested (go-going-to go-went) for a swim.
43- For homework the teacher asked us to write an (easy-essay-escape-east) on endangered species.
44- The critic wrote a wonderful (view-review-preview-idea) of the new film for the newspapers.
45- Thank you for all your help. You’ve been very (kind-cruel-criminal-rude) to me.
46- You shouldn't take what doesn't belong (at-with-from-to) you.
47- All I want is a (relax-relaxing-relaxed-relaxation) holiday on an island.
48- He is a bad man who looks frightening and is a (violent-kind-good-lovely) criminal.
49- The two sides of our personality sometimes pull us in different (instructions-directions-constructions-destructions).
50- I’d (rather-prefer-like-hate) stay at home.

@ Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write it correctly:
1- One of the boys admitted break the window.
2- You can't change humane nature.
3- He was sent to prison for a crime that he didn't connect.
4- Confession is a job that needs special education and training.
5- There's someone kicking on the door.
6- She spent a month in the country recreating from the operation.
7- The businessman left his secretary some money in his well.
8- At first he denied stealing the money but he later committed it.
9- It’s time we go home.
10- I’d rather doing my homework.

(8)
11- He is a middle-aged man of smart appear.
12- I think next time we need any decorating we'll get it done professional.
13- We're entertaining some colleges of Ali's tonight.
14- Michael and his family have settled permanent in the States.
15- She has a very nice person. Everyone likes her.
16- I don’t approve about people who cheat.

@ Translate into English:
1- We all have a good and an evil side. These two sides of our personality sometimes pull us in different directions because they are always in conflict. Therefore we have to control our behaviour.
2- Production must go side by side with consumption. We have to modernize our means of production to face the rapid growth of population. The number of people increases every day, so production must increase at the same rate.

@ Translate into English:

1- تبذل الحكومة قصارى جهدها لتوفير الأمن الغذائى لكل مواطن.
2- ان غزو الصحراء و تحويلها الى أراضى صالحة للزراعة ضرورى لزيادة الانتاج.


Language Functions

Making Suggestions Responding to suggestions
How about + v + ing..? ما رأيك فى ..... ؟ I'd go along with that. أوافق على ذلك
What about + v + ing..? ما رأيك فى ..... ؟ That's a good idea. يا لها من فكرة جيدة
Shall we + مصدر ? I'm not sure about that.لست متأكدا من ذلك
Why don't we / you / they..? لما لا .... ؟ Personally, I'd prefer.. شخصيا أفضل
I'd say ………….. أود أن أقول Sorry, I don't agree. اسف. لا أوافق
Let's say ………... دعنا نقول That's what I think هذا هو ما أفكر فيه
We could ……….... من الممكن أن ..... I agree. أوافق
That sounds fine. هذا يبدو رائعا

Examples:
1-A: How often do you think we should go shopping?
B: How about once a month?
A: Personally, I'd prefer once a week.

2-A: How many people should we invite to the party?
B: I'd say ten at the most.
A: I'd go along with that.

3-A: When would you like to go?
B: What about early evening?
A: That's a good idea.
(9)
4-A: What kinds of books should we read?
B: Let's say any kind of fiction.
A: I'm not sure about that. I don't want to read science fiction books.

@ Respond to each of the following situations:
1- A friend asks you how often you think you should go shopping.
2- A friend asks how many people you should invite you your birthday party.
3- A friend suggests reading any kind of fiction. You don’t agree.
4- You suggest traveling in the early morning.
5- A friend suggests going to the club once a month, but you prefer going once a week.


Language Focus

Direct & Indirect Speech
الكلام المباشر و الكلام غير المباشر

 هناك طريقتين لاخبار شخص بما فعله شخص اخر و هما:
1- Direct speech: الكلام المباشر
فى الكلام المباشر نقدم الكلمات الفعلية التى قيلت و توضع بين علامتى التنصيص كما يلى
- Nabila: What did Ahmed say?
Ali : He said, "I want to be a doctor."

2- Reported speech: الكلام غير المباشر
و هو الكلام المنقول و فيه نغير الكلمات التى قيلت لتتناسب مع الجملة و هناك بعض القواعد التى يجب اتباعها مثل الآزمنة و الضمائر
- Nabila: What did Ahmed say?
Ali : He said that he wanted to be a doctor.

1) Statement
الجملة الخبرية

 خطوات تحويل الجملة من كلام مباشر direct إلى كلام غير مباشر direct :
1- نحول فعل القول كما يلى:

Direct Reported direct Reported
say to tell say say
says to tells says says
said to told said said

2- نحذف الأقواس و نربط بكلمة that التى يمكن الاستغناء عنها
3- نغير الضمائر حسب المعنى
4- إذا كان فعل القول مضارع نغير الضمائر فقط
أما إذا كان فعل القول ماضى نغير الأزمنة كما يلى:
(10)
Direct Reported
Present simple مضارع بسيط Past simple ماضى بسيط
Present continuous مضارع مستمر Past continuous ماضى مستمر
Present perfect مضارع تام Past perfect ماضى تام
Past simple ماضى بسيط Past perfect ماضى تام
Past continuous ماضى مستمر Past perfect cont ماضى تام مستمر
Present perfect cont مضارع تام مستمر Past perfect cont ماضى تام مستمر

كما يتم تغيير الأفعال الناقصة كما يلى:

Direct Reported Direct Reported
will would can could
shall should won't wouldn't
may might must للضرورة had to
can't couldn't must للتأكد must have + pp

كما نغير أسماء الإشارة و المكان و الكلمات الدالة على الزمن كما يلى:

Direct Reported Direct Reported
this year / month that year / month these those
here there now then / at that time
ago before today that day
tonight that night tomorrow the next (following) day
next year the following year
the year after yesterday the day before
the previous day
last year the year before
the previous year

Examples:
Direct Statement Reported Statement
“It’s a busy day,” he said. He said it was a busy day.
“I won’t see anyone until I’ve finished,” she said. She said she wouldn’t see anyone until she’d finished.
“I’m taking my brother to the airport,” he said. He said he was taking his brother to the airport.
He said, "I want to be a doctor.” He said that he wanted to be a doctor.
She said, "I worked yesterday." She said she had worked the day before.
He said to me, "I didn't finish my homework last night." He told me that he hadn't finished his homework the night before.
The doctor said to the patient, "You must take the tablets for a week." The doctor told the patient that he must take the tablets for a week.
Jack said, "He must be guilty!" Jack said that he must have been guilty.

(11)
ملاحظات:
1- إذا كان الكلام المباشر عبارة عن حقيقة علمية لا يحدث أى تغيير. و نغير الضمائر فقط فى حالة وجود said a moment ago / just now .
Direct Statement Reported Statement
He said, “Water boils when it’s heated.” He said water boils when it’s heated.
- He said just now, "I'll visit you next week." He said just now that he'll visit me next week.

2- عندما يكون الكلام المباشر حقيقى فى لحظة الكلام يمكن أن يظل الزمن فى المضارع أو يتحول الى الماضى.
Direct Statement Reported Statement
“I’m two metres tall,” he said He said he is two metres tall.
He said he was two metres tall.

3- فى حالة قاعدة if يتغير الزمن فى الحالة الأولى فقط.
Direct Statement Reported Statement
He said to me, "I'll buy a car if I have enough money.” He told me that he'd buy a car if he had enough money.

4- فى حالة وجود جملتين نربطهما بـ and that / and added that
Direct Statement Reported Statement
He said, "I can't do my homework today. I'll do it later." He said that he couldn't do his homework that day and that he'd do it later.

5- يمكن أن نستخدم أفعال أخرى بدلا من say مثل
claim / complain / mention / indicate / assert / agree / promise / admit / explain
Direct Statement Reported Statement
He said, "I'm a surgeon." He claimed he was a surgeon.
She said, "I spent a lot of time in hospital last year." She complained that she had spent a lot of time in hospital the previous year.
He said, “I won’t tell anyone what you said.” He agreed he wouldn’t tell anyone what I had said.

6- الأفعال و التعبيرات الآتية تظل كما هى بدون تغييرwould / should / could / might
used to/ ought to / would rather / had better / would like / it is time
Direct Statement Reported Statement
He said to me, “I’d like to go to the club.” He told me he’d like to go to the club.

7- اذا جاءت must فى جملة تعبر عن حقيقة أو عرف سائد أو نصيحة فلا تتغير.
Direct Statement Reported Statement
He said to me, “You must obey your parents.” He told me that I must obey my parents.




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2) Question الأسئلة

خطوات تحويل السؤال من كلام مباشر direct إلى reported كلام غير مباشر:
1- نحول فعل القول كما يلى

Direct Reported
say / say to ask
says / says to asks
said / said to asked

يمكن أن يبدأ السؤال غير المباشر بأحد التعبيرات الآتية:
I wonder – I don’t know – I’d like to know – Could you tell me
He wanted to know – I have no idea
2- نحذف الأقواس و علامة الاستفهام و نربط ب:
أ- if / whether إذا كان السؤال يبدأ بفعل مساعد أو فعل ناقص.
ب- أداة الاستفهام إذا كان السؤال يبدأ بها.
3- نغير الضمائر حسب المعنى.
4- نستخدم الفاعل ثم الفعل مع حذف الفعل المساعد do / does / did .
5- إذا كان فعل القول مضارع نغير الضمائر فقط أما إذا كان فعل القول ماضى نغير الأزمنة و الكلمات الدالة عليها و أسماء الإشارة و المكان.

Examples:

Direct question Reported question
“What are you doing?” I asked him. I asked him what he was doing.
“Have you watched the DVD? She asked me. She asked me if I had watched the DVD.
“Are you going out?” she asked him She asked him if / whether he was going out.
He said to me, "Will you come soon?" He asked me if I would come soon.
He said to her, "Do you need any help?" He asked her if she needed any help.
"Where do you live?" I wonder where you live.
He said to me, "Why did you leave your last job?" He asked me why I had left my last job.

ملاحظات:
1- فى حالة وجود سؤال و جملة نربطهما بــ and said that
Direct question Reported question
He said, "When will you return? I shall be ready to meet you at any time."
He asked when I would return and said that he would be ready to meet me at any time.

2- فى حالة وجود جملة و سؤال نربطهما بــ and asked
Direct question Reported question
He said to me, "I’ll travel tomorrow. When will you travel?" He told me that he’d travel the next day and asked when I would travel.
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3- إذا كان هناك سؤالين نربطهما بــand .
Direct question Reported question
My father said, "Why are you late? Did you miss the bus?" My father asked why I was late and if I had missed the bus.

3) Orders, requests and advice
الطلبات و الأوامر و النصيحة

خطوات تحويل الطلب من كلام مباشرdirect إلى كلام غير مباشرindirect:
1- نحول said to إلى asked / told / advised / warned / begged .
2- نحذف الأقواس و نربط بـ:
أ- to إذا كان الأمر مثبت
ب- not to إذا كان الأمر منفى.
3- نستخدم المصدر بعد to / not to .
4- إذا كان فعل القول مضارع تتغير الضمائر فقط أما إذا كان فعل القول ماضى نغير الأزمنة و الكلمات الدالة عليها و أسماء الإشارة و المكان.

Examples:

Direct Reported
He said to me, "Open the door, please." He asked me to open the door.
He said to me, "Don’t play with fire." He warned me not to play with fire.
He said to me, "If I were you, I should leave the town at once." He advised me to leave the town at once.

فى حالة وجود جملتين أمر أو طلب نربطهما بــ and .
Direct Reported
He said, "Study your lessons. Don’t neglect them." He advised me to study my lessons and not to neglect them.

@ Choose the correct answer:
1- The surgeon said that he (does-will do-did-had done) the operation that morning.
2- The dentist told me that he (won’t be-wouldn’t be-hadn’t been-hasn’t been) able to treat me until the next day.
3- He (told-asked-said-wondered) me that he had forgotten my name.
4- The mother said that she (is-was-has been-are) busy that night.
5- She complained that she (had waited-waited-has waited-waits) for more than an hour for her appointment.
6- They (told-asked-wondered-promised) that they would phone us as soon as they arrived.
7- He admitted that he had arrived late (yesterday-last night-the night before-tomorrow).
8- She explained that she (am hoping-was hoping-hopes-will hope) to come and see me the following week.
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9- Dalia said that she (is doing-did-had done-was doing) her homework then.
10- He (asked-told-explained-said) me if I knew that his sister had been ill.
11- We wanted to know what (did they think-do they think-they think-they thought) of his idea.
12- I admitted that I (didn’t have-doesn’t have-don’t have-can’t have) any plans.
13- Nadia wanted to know (that-what-can-if) I would like to go shopping with her.
14- I (explained-asked-told-advised) that I would have to ask my mother.
15- Nadia asked if I could phone her to tell her what she said.
16- He (said-told-asked-advised) me where I had been.
17- I asked Leila what (was she hoping-she was hoping-she hoping-was hoping she) to study at university.
18- She asked me where I (stay-did I stay-was staying-am I staying) then.
19- He asked me if I (had finished-will finish-have finished-finish) reading the book.
20- She admitted that she (helping-is helping-helps-was helping) her brother with his homework that afternoon.

4-Find the mistake in each of the following sentences, then write it correctly:
1- He said he’ll see me the next day.
2- Dalia said she’s doing her homework then.
3- The inspector asked him weather he always caught such an early train.
4- He asked me when would the next exam take place.
5- She promised that she will be home the next morning.
6- He agreed he would not tell anyone what I have said.
7- Nadia wanted to know if was I doing anything interesting at the weekend.
8- They said they were planning to study medicine next year.
9- He agreed that he will perform the operation the following day.
10- He told me that he has visited his uncle the day before.
11- He said that he'd do it today.
12- I don’t know why are they buying a new house.
13- He asked me if would I like to run your own business.
14- Mother asked the children if they have eaten all your food.
15- He said to me, "What you are doing now?"
16- He asked me if I went to the club the day before.
17- He asked me that give me some money.
18- He asked the children to not talk while eating.
19- My father advised me not to waste my time.
20- He asked me what had I bought the day before.

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Test 8 (Unit 8 & Chapters 4)

A) Language Functions

1- Respond to each of the following situations:
1- A friend asks you whether you would like to go somewhere together at the weekend.
2- The same friend does not want to go to the beach, but suggests the swimming pool.
3- A friend suggests that you join a book club together, but you would like to join a sports club.
4- A friend suggests going to the cinema in your town tomorrow. You are not sure.

2- Mention the place, the speakers and the language function in each of the following two mini-dialogues:
1- A: What can I get for you? Place:
B: Fried meat. Speaker A:
A: Anything else? Speaker B:
B: Mango juice. Function:

2- A: I'd like to change some money, please. Place:
B: Certainly sir. Cash or traveller cheques? Speaker A:
A: Traveller cheques. Speaker B:
B: That's fine, sir. Please sign the cheques Function:
and show me your passport.

B) Vocabulary and Structure

3-Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d:
1- We ………… on their door three times, but they didn’t hear us.
a) visited b) called c) hit d) knocked
2- I get on well with all my …………… at work, but they are not close friends.
a) people b) workers c) colleagues d) relatives
3- Wanting friends is part of human ……………. .
a) nature b) conflict c) will d) life
4- Their uncle is a scientist. He’s …………….. research into new forms of energy.
a) making b) taking c) getting d) doing
5- I’m not happy. How about …………… to the beach?
a) gone b) going c) went d) go
6- I’d like to get a job in the medical ……………… .
a) work b) career c) occupation d) profession
7- He ……………… that he had made a big mistake.
a) admitted b) accepted c) asked d) refused
8- They stole all his important papers to ……………… him.
a) mail b) deliver c) blackmail d) block
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9- She asked me whether …………… there before.
a) I had been b) I went c) I go d) had I been
10- Taha’s mother asked him where ………………… .
a) he had been b) had he been c) has he been d) he has been
11- She promised she …………… me as soon as the plane landed.
a) will phone b) phoned c) would phone d) phone
12- At the weekend, my aunt asked me what I …………… since we last met
a) had been doing b) was doing c) have done d) did
13- He wanted to know whether anyone …………… the book he was reading.
a) had seen b) has seen c) sees d) saw
14- She wondered when ……………… singing with the band.
a) had I begun b) I had begun c) did I begin d) do I begin
15- He wanted to know …………… she had got her treatment.
a) that b) whether c) whatever d) unless
16- I want to know how ……………… her.
a) have you helped b) had you helped c) do you help d) you helped

4-Find the mistake in each of the following sentences, then write it correctly:
1- What about go shopping this afternoon?
2- Is that someone hitting on our door? I’ll see who it is.
3- Teachers and supervisors belong to the teaching confession.
4- I asked him where had he been all morning.
5- He asked me if I saw his newspaper.
6- She asked her friend weather she had finished her homework

C) Reading

5-Read the following passage, then answer the questions:
I always hate going back to school after a holiday break. I am not sure why. I am anxious to see my friends, I don’t have any overdue school assignments, but I still get that funny feeling in the pit of my stomach. Has something changed? Do all my friends still feel the same way? What clothes should I wear today? Everyone will wear something new, I am sure of that.
My biggest conflict is in my head. Part of me says, “Be your own person!” Another part of me just wants to fit into the crowd. My mom says that high school is like this, but college will be the opposite. She says I'll meet many people with different interests, and find groups that I want to be with. I am looking forward to that freedom, but I have one more year of high school and this is my reality right now.
As much as my friends and I like to think we are above all the peer pressures and social “rules” of our school, we all know we are very much controlled by it. We wear our hair the same way, wear the same brand clothes, and even have to use the same perfume. We basically clone ourselves because we don’t want to be different. Yet, deep down we would like to shout, “Look at me! This is who I am!"

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A) Answer the following Questions:
1- How does the writer describe how her body is reacting to her uneasiness about returning to school?
2- What is the writer’s biggest conflict?
3- Why does the writer and his friends clone themselves?

B) Choose the correct answer from a, b, c, or d:
4- The writer believes her greatest conflict is in her …………… .
a) closet b) friends
c) school d) head
5- The writer feels that to be accepted by her peers she must ……………… .
a) take a holiday break in Bermuda b) be a clone of her classmates.
c) make exceptional grades d) none of these

6-Read the following passage, then answer the questions:
Eat healthy food and have a healthy body. Now, we know that there is also healthy food for your brain. Eat healthy food and have a healthy mind. New research clearly shows the link between diet and mental health.
There has been a campaign to improve school meals. A head teacher of a school banned junk food and started serving healthy food. This research shows that the students' behaviour in class has been a lot better. They became calmer and they learn and concentrate more.
A mental health foundation (M.H.F) has started a campaign "Feeding Minds" to publicize its own research. This research shows that our diets have changed a lot and the level of mental illness has increased, unhealthy diet can cause depression and insomnia.
The last part of the research concerns the Mediterranean diet. Scientists knew that this diet (fruit, vegetables, fish and olive oil) helps you live longer. It also prevents a serious mental disease "Alzheimer" that affects the elderly.
So, what does this research suggest to you? To improve your memory, eat salmon. To fight insomnia, eat nuts. If depression is a problem, eat brown rice. If you worry about your later years, cook with olive oil.

A) Give short answers to the following questions:
1- Mention the campaigns' targets of the school and the MHF?
2- What does the underlined word "they" refer to?
3- How are nuts helpful for our health?

B) Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d:
5- The following diseases are all mental except ………………………… .
a) Alzheimer b) Depression
c) Insomnia d) Blood Pressure
6- The Mediterranean diet includes ……………………………….
a) junk food b) meat and rice
c) fast food d) fish and olive oil
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The Mask of Gold

7-A) Answer the following questions:
1- How did Amalia feel towards Leila? Why?
2- Why were the Chimu kings' sons sent to Cuzco?

B) Read the following quotation and answer the questions:
“Of course I'm happy to be working with Dr Hafez. I've worked with him before," I said rather defensively.
1- Who said this to whom?
2- Why was the speaker rather defensively?

C) Complete the following sentences:
1- In Peru, Leila had difficulty in adjusting to …….………………………………………….
2- Pablo worked for …………………………………………………………………….

D) Writing

8-Write a paragraph of about 100 words on:
“Why is physical activity important for you?”

9- A) Translate into Arabic:
Some people prefer the simple and healthy life of the country. There, they avoid the smoke of factories, the speed of city life and the crowded means of transport. They also enjoy the fresh country air and the beauty of nature.

B) Translate into English:
1- يجب تدعيم المنتجات المصرية و تحسينها لكى تنافس المنتجات الأجنبية.
2- يمارس الشباب أنواعا كثيرة من الرياضة التى تنمى عقله و جسمه.