Unit 18: Holidays with a difference اولى ثانوى

Unit 18: Holidays with a difference

Vocabulary

advertisement اعلان train يدرب
advertise يعلن عن training تدريب
adventure مغامرة instructor معلم
dolphin دولفين instruct يعلم
Join يلتحق بـ meal وجبة
diving الغطس rare نادر
dive يغطس typical نموذجى / طبق الأصل
Pharaohs Rally رالى الفراعنة weather conditions أحوال الطقس
race سباق uncommon = unusual غير عادى
the Sahara الصحراء الكبرى disabilities اعاقات
beginner مبتدئ invitation دعوة
abroad فى الخارج invite يدعو
arrange يرتب / ينظم the Indian Ocean المحيط الهندى
fortnight اسبوعين the Red Sea البحر الأحمر
conservation حماية the Mediterranean البحر المتوسط
conserve يحمى tortoise سلحفاة
society مجتمع / جمعية safe آمن
wildlife الحياة البرية organise ينظم / يرتب
protect يحمى culture ثقافة
protection حماية / وقاية comfort راحة
beach بلاج convenience ملائمة / موافقة
excited منفعل rewarding مجزى
organisation منظمة volunteer متطوع
sailing الابحار overcome يتغلب على
relatives أقارب entertain يسلى / يستضيف
teenagers المرهقين entertainment تسلية
activity نشاط outing نزهة
sound صوت / يبدو prince امير
Global Challenge التحدى العالمى princess اميرة
camel riding ركوب الجمال environment بيئة
luck حظ environmental بيئى
plan يخطط / خطة locally grown مزروع محليا
climate المناخ local محلى
coast ساحل oasis واحة
local community مجتمع محلى midday وسط النهار
expedition رحلة استكشافية temperature درجة الحرارة
experience خبرة degrees درجات
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tour جولة learning difficulties صعوبات التعلم
dress يكسو / يرتدى extinct منقرض
the Middle East الشرق الأوسط face يواجه
road accidents حوادث الطرق resist يقاوم
injured مصاب shelter مأوى / ملجأ / مسكن
friendly ودى / ودود project مشروع
environmentally بيئيا website موقع على شبكة الانترنت
serve food يقدم الطعام reserve محمية طبيعية
nature conservation المحافظة على الطبيعة edge حافة

Idioms & Expressions

go away يسافر بعيدا last for يستمر لمدة
belong to ينتمى الى take photos يصور / يأخذ صور
make plans for يعمل خطط لـ stay in a hotel يمكث فى فندق
go diving يذهب للغوص have a great time يقضى وقتا سعيدا
in the Red Sea فى البحر الأحمر live in يعيش فى
for + مدة زمنية لمدة give birth to تلد
stay with يمكث مع on the edge of على حافة
work for يعمل لدى stay out of يبقى بعيدا عن
in + مكان / شهر / سنة فى look after يعتنى بـ
different from مختلف عن provide with يزود بـ / يمد بـ
go on holiday يذهب فى اجازة catch a disease يصاب بمرض
for part of the time لجزء من الوقت damage to تلف لـ
work with يعمل مع close to قريب من


Language Study

 would prefer to + مصدر: يفضل
- I would prefer to have dinner outdoors.

 the same age as: as old as فى نفس عمر
- Amany is the same age as Dalia. (as …….. as)
Amany is as old as Dalia.

 look forward to + v. + ing: يتطلع الى
- I look forward to travelling abroad this summer.

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Tapescript

 James is going away this summer. He's going to egypt with his family. They're going diving in the Red Sea for five days. They're staying with his aunt and uncle, who work for a delphin consevation society in Greece, for a fortnight. They've got two boys about the same age as James. He will be able to go out with them. He's really looking forward to seeing the dolphins in the wild.
 Helen is going on holiday with her older brother, David. She's going to india for a month with an organisation called Global Challenge, which arranges adventure holidays abroad. She is going to help old people or work with children.


Reading & Critical Thinking

Global Challenge Holidays

 Global Challenge will give you an adventure holiday – and you will give something to the community you join. Our expeditions last for a month. Our friendly instructors will train you before you leave and will help you all the time you are away. Global Challenge arranges expeditions to 30 countries. Here are two people's experiences:
 James Hammond, from Australia, is in India. This is what he says about his experience: Before I came, I thought life in a small village with no television and a strange language would be difficult. But it hasn't been difficult at all. We've helped in a home for children with disabilities. We've had invitations for meals with Indian families. Our instructor Michael has taken us for a day's sailing on the Indian Ocean.
 Olivia Owen, from London, is in Egypt. This is what she says: The Mediterranean coast of Egypt is beautiful and has a wonderful climate. I've spent a lot of time here helping a tortoise conservation society. The Egyptian tortoise is one of the smallest and rarest tortoises in the world. Unfortunately, people are building on many of the places where the tortoises usually live, so we are finding new, safe homes for them to live in.

Questions & answers

1- How many countries does Global Challenge organise expeditions to?
- It organises expeditions to 30 countries.

2- Are Global Challenge holidays different from ordinary holidays?
- Yes, they are adventure holidays that also help communities.
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3- What happens before young people go on Global Challenge holidays?
- The friendly instructors will train them.

4- Why did James think living in the Indian village would be difficult?
- Because there was no television and there was a strange language.

5- How does James help in the local community?
- He helps in a home for children with disabilities.

6- Why does the Egyptian Tortoise need help?
- Because it is very rare and people are building on many of the places where it usually lives.

7- What has Olivia done to help the tortoises?
- She has been finding new, safe homes for them to live in.

8- What kind of training would James and Olivia need before they went to India and Egypt?
- James would need to learn how to help children with disabilities. Olivia would have to learn how to help tortoises. They would also need to learn how to adapt to their new cultures.

9- How do you think the Global challenge instructors help the young people during the expedition?
- They probably check that they are happy and healthy and help them with any questions or worries they may have.

10- What differences would James notice between life in an Indian village and life in Australia?
- In India, he would not have the comforts and modern conveniences of Australia - there would be no television, may be no electricity, etc….. .

11- What do you think James and Olivia's experience will teach them about themselves and life?
- They will probably learn that people live very different lives, that animals and people need help and protection, and that helping people and animals can be rewarding.

12- Do you think life would be difficult in a small village with no television?
- No, although they would have to find other forms of entertainment and information.

13- Why do you think the language was not a problem for James?
- Probably because the village people were very friendly, so they were able to overcome communication difficulties.

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14- How do you think James helped in the home for children with disabilities?
- He could have taught them or entertained them, or taken them on outings or helped to feed and dress them.

Unusual hotel for Prince Charles and Camilla

 When the British queen's son, Prince Charles, and his wife Camilla came to Egypt in March 2006, they spent a night in an unusual hotel on the edge of the Sahara Desert. The Adrere Amellal Ecolodge is an environmentally friendly hotel that has no electricity. People who stay there are given locally-grown food.
 The day before, Prince Charles had visited the oasis town of Siwa close to Libya. With Siwa having a midday temperature of 35 degrees, he did everything he could to keep cool, wearing a hat and staying out of the sun. Camilla spent time talking to a group of local women and then looked round the market.
 Prince Charles and Camilla were in Egypt as part of a tour of the Middle East. On their visit, they also went to an animal hospital in Cairo, which looks after horses injured in road accidents, and they visited Al-Azhar University, one of the oldest universities in the world.

Questions & answers

1- Did Prince Charles and Camilla visit Egypt only in 2006?
- No, they went to other countries in the Middle East.

2- Why was their hotel unusual?
- It had no electricity. It is environmentally friendly. It serves locally-grown food.
3- Why did Prince Charles stay out of the sun? Where was he?
- To keep cool. He was in Siwa.

4- Do you think Prince Charles and Camilla enjoyed staying in the hotel? Why? Why not?
- I think they enjoyed staying in the hotel because they spent unusual night.
- I think they didn't enjoy staying in the hotel because there was no electricity. They were given locally-grown food. Charles did everything he could to keep cool.

5- Why do you think Prince Charles found it so hot in Siwa?
- As there was no electricity so there were no air conditioners.

6- What do you think Prince Charles and Camilla enjoyed most about their visit to Egypt?
- I think they enjoyed the hospitality of the Egyptians most.
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 Choose the correct answer:
1- I went (aboard-board-beard-abroad) for the first time last year. I went to Turkey.
2- My parents are trying to (arrange-decorate-fix-repair) our next summer holiday.
3- We usually go away (since-in-for-ago) a fortnight in the summer.
4- I belong to a (conversation-conservation-conversion-contrast) society that helps protect Egyptian wildlife.
5- I'm looking forward to (see-saw-seen-seeing) the dolphins in the wild.
6- James is going to go (dive-diving-dives-dived) this summer.
7- They are going diving (in-on-at-by) the Red Sea for five days.
8- An (engineer-instructor-architect-artist) is someone who teaches a particular subject or sport.
9- He is staying (at-with-in-of) his aunt and uncle in Alexandria.
10- How about going sailing in the Indian (Lake-River-Ocean-Canal).
11- It is better to live in a (dangerous-safe-dirty-untidy) place.
12- Global Challenge is an (organisation-charity-society-community) which arranges expeditions to different countries.
13- My uncle lives (at-with-in-of) Greece.
14- I belong to a conservation society that helps (prevent-pretend-protect-predict) wildlife.
15- He stayed in London for a fortnight. A fortnight means (one-two-three-four) weeks.
16- Helen is going (on-at-in-from) holiday soon.
17- He does a lot of (volunteer-careless-restless-vocal) work in the local community.
18- They have helped in a home for children with (abilities-disabilities-powers-proofs)
19- She is going to London (at-since-ago-for) a month.
20- Some hotels serve (local-locally-location-locality) grown food.
21- When I was in America, I had (inventions-invitations-inversions-dresses) for meals with American families.
22- She is going to do something useful (in-at-for-with) part of the time.
23- A (dog-cat-duck-dolphin) is a clever friendly animal that lives in the sea.
24- The Mediterranean (coast-canal-lake-river) of Egypt has a wonderful climate.
25- Helen is going to work (at-with-on-up) old people or children.
26- The new play (took-moved-lasted-began) for three hours.
27- Diamond and gold are very expensive because they are (available-rare-hard-rigid).
28- They will see each other again (in-on-ago-from) September.
29- I went on an (adventure-experience-terrified-frightened) holiday last year. It was very fantastic.

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30- My brother works (on-for-up-out) a big travel agency.
31- My aunt and uncle have got two boys about the same (age-old-tall-high) as me.
32- A (tortoise-giraffe-hound-lion) is a very slow animal which can live for many years.
33- We went on (a tour-an expedition-a voyage-a flight) into the Amazon rainforest.
34- I'd prefer (have-having-had-to have) some coffee.
35- I'm having a lesson with my sports (member-teaching-lesson-instructor) this afternoon.


Language Focus

Direct & Indirect Speech
الكلام المباشر و الكلام غير المباشر

Question الأسئلة

خطوات تحويل السؤال من كلام مباشر direct إلى indirect كلام غير مباشر:
1- نحول فعل القول كما يلى

Direct Indirect
say / say to ask
says / says to asks
said / said to asked

يمكن أن يبدأ السؤال غير المباشر بأحد التعبيرات الآتية:
I wonder – I don’t know – I’d like to know – Could you tell me
2- نحذف الأقواس و علامة الاستفهام و نربط بـ :
أ- if / whether إذا كان السؤال يبدأ بفعل مساعد أو فعل ناقص.
ب- أداة الاستفهام إذا كان السؤال يبدأ بها.
3- نغير الضمائر حسب المعنى.
4- نستخدم الفاعل ثم الفعل مع حذف الفعل المساعد do / does / did .
إذا كان فعل القول مضارع نغير الضمائر فقط
أما إذا كان فعل القول ماضى نغير الأزمنة كما يلى:

Direct Indirect
Present simple مضارع بسيط Past simple ماضى بسيط
Present continuous مضارع مستمر Past continuous ماضى مستمر
Present perfect مضارع تام Past perfect ماضى تام
Past simple ماضى بسيط Past perfect ماضى تام
Past continuous ماضى مستمر Past perfect cont ماضى تام مستمر
Present perfect cont مضارع تام مستمر Past perfect cont ماضى تام مستمر
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كما يتم تغيير الأفعال الناقصة كما يلى:

Direct Indirect Direct Indirect
will would can could
shall should won't wouldn't
may might can't couldn't

كما نغير أسماء الإشارة و المكان و الكلمات الدالة على الزمن كما يلى:

Direct Indirect Direct Indirect
this that these those
here there now then
ago before today that day
tonight that night tomorrow the next (following) day
next year the following year
the year after yesterday the day before
the previous day
last year the year before
the previous year

Examples:
1- He said to me, "Will you come soon?" (He asked me….)
He asked me if I would come soon.
2- She said to me, "Do you want anything to drink?" (She asked….)
She asked me if I wanted anything to drink.
3- He said to her, "Do you need any help?" (He asked her……….)
He asked her whether she needed any help.
4- The policeman said to him, "Where do you live?" (The policeman asked)
The policeman asked him where he lived.
5- She said to me, "What's your name?" (She asked me….)
She asked me what my name was.
6- "Where do you live?" (I wonder)
I wonder where you live.
7- He said to me, "Why did you leave your last job?" (He asked)
He asked me why I had left my last job.

 Rewrite using the word(s) in brackets to give the same meaning:
1- He said to me, "When will the next exam take place?" (He asked)
2- "Will you come tomorrow?" (He asked me if………..)
3- "Why are they buying a new house?" (I don’t know)
4- He said to me, "What kind of work do you do?" (He wanted to know)
5- He said to me, "Would you like to run your own business?" (He asked me)
6- Mother said to the children, "Have you eaten all your food?"
(Mother asked..)
7- He said to me, "What are you doing now?" (He asked me........)
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8- He asked me if I had gone to the club the day before. (He said to me ..)
9- He said, "Why were you absent?" (He asked why)
10- The doctor said to the patient, "Do you smoke?" (asked)
11- "Where do you live?" ( He wanted to know )
12- He wanted to know the price of my new suit. ( He asked me )
13- "Did you meet your friend yesterday?" (I wanted to know)
14- I said to Ramy, "Do you play any sports?" (I wanted to know)
15- Azza said to Samia, "Are you going to stay in a hotel?" (asked)

 Choose the correct answer:
1- He asked me if I (go-would go-went-had gone) to the club the night before.
2- I wondered why my father (drive-was driving-is driving-drives) so fast.
3- She asked if I (want-will want-wanted-have wanted) to help her.
4- He wanted to know when I (would travel-will travel-have travelled-travelling) to America.
5- He asked me what I was doing (now-then-than-here).
6- I (said-told-ordered-asked) him why he looked unhappy.
7- The manager wondered when (had I begun-I begin-did I begin-I had begun) working as a secretary.
8- I asked him where (did he live-he lived-he live-will he live).
9- She asked me (if-that-unless-whatever) I could help her.
10- He asked her what (is her name-was her name-her name is-her name was).

3) Orders requests and advice

خطوات تحويل الطلب من كلام مباشرdirect إلى كلام غير مباشرindirect:
1- نحول said to إلى asked / told / advised / warned / begged .
2- نحذف الأقواس و نربط بـ:
أ- to إذا كان الأمر مثبت
ب- not to إذا كان الأمر منفى.
3- نستخدم المصدر بعد to / not to .
4- إذا كان فعل القول مضارع تتغير الضمائر فقط أما إذا كان فعل القول ماضى نغير الأزمنة و الكلمات الدالة عليها و أسماء الإشارة و المكان.

Examples:
1- He said to me, "Open the door, please." (He asked me…….)
He asked me to open the door.
2- I said to Gamila, "Go to the doctor." (I advised……)
I advised Gamila to go to the doctor.
3- "Take the patient's temperature." (I told you….)
I told you to take the patient's temperature.

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4- I said to her, "Sit down." (I asked her…)
I asked her to sit down.
5- He said to me, "Don’t play with fire." (He warned me..)
He warned me not to play with fire.


 Rewrite using the word(s) in brackets to give the same meaning:
1- He said to me, "Please give me some money." (He asked me….)
2- He said to the children. "Don't talk while eating." (He ordered ………)
3- He said to the boys, "Don't play here or you'll be punished." (He warned…)
4- "Read the instructions before you switch on the machine."
(He told the customer….)
5- My father advised me not to waste my time. (My father said to me ……)


 Choose the correct answer:
1- The doctor advised me (don't smoke-not smoke-not to smoke-no to smoke).
2- I told Ali (to be-be-be to-being) careful crossing the road.
3- Mother warned me (don't play-not to play-didn't play-doesn't) play with fire.
4- Father advised me (study-studied-studying-to study) hard.
5- The officer ordered the soldiers (to fire-fired-firing-fires).

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Test

A) Language Functions

1- Finish the following dialogue between you and the representative of the Green Party (GP):
Representative: Good morning, sir. Could I talk to you for a moment?
You : …..
Representative: I represent the Green Party. Have you heard about it before?
You : …………….………. Give me an idea about its activity, please.
Representative: The Green Party is concerned with the environment.
You : So you are trying to keep the environment healthy, …………?
Representative: Exactly! We're looking for new members, sir.……………………..?
You : I'd love to. It's an honour to be a member of the Green Party.

2- Write what you would say in each of the following situations:
1- Your sister wants to know what you are going to do at the weekend.
2- Your friend asks you about your favourite dish.
3- You are asked if you like playing football.
4- You ask your friend what he liked best on his holiday.

B) Vocabulary and Structure

3- Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d:
1- There are beautiful beaches on this …………., aren't there?
a) community b) climate c) coast d) scene
2- My diving ……………… showed me how to use the diving equipment.
a) adventure b) expedition c) instructor d) experience
3- This animal is extinct. It is ………………… .
a) rare b) common c) seldom d) rarely
4- ………………….. is swimming under water using breathing equipment.
a) Riding b) Diving c) Sailing d) Running
5- He's going camel ………………… next Monday.
a) riding b) diving c) sailing d) driving
6- Lizza asked me if I ……………… on the school trip to the museum tomorrow.
a) go b) was going c) went d) had gone
7- James asked if I ………………. England last summer.
a) had visited b) would visit c) visit d) am visiting
8- She wondered when …………………… singing with the band.
a) do I begin b) did I begin c) had I begun d) I had begun
9- He asked me …………….. I had worked at any foreign universities.
a) unless b) that c) if d) whatever
10- She asked me where I ……………….. then.
a) stay b) did I stay c) was staying d) am I staying
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4- Rewrite the following sentences using the word(s) in brackets to give the same meaning:
1- "Have you got any homework, Azza?" (Azza's mother………..)
2- He said, "Did Hana get treatment?" (He wanted to know)
3- "Will you come tomorrow?" (He asked me if …………)
4- My mother said to me, "Don't interfere in other people's affairs." (advised me)

5- Read the text below, then write the word which best fits each space:
Olivia Owen, from London, is in Egypt. This is what she says: The Mediterranean (1)………………. of Egypt is beautiful and has a wonderful (2)………………... I've spent a lot of time here (3)……………. a tortoise conservation society. The Egyptian tortoise is one of the smallest and (4)………………… tortoises in the world. Unfortunately, people are building on many of the (5)……………………… where the tortoises usually live, so we are finding new, safe homes for them to (6)………………… in.

C) Read Comprehension and Set Books

6- Read the following passage , then answer the questions:
It must be said that the majority of those who are against Genetically Modified (GM) foods أطعمة معدلة وراثيا are neither living in countries which suffer from food shortages nor facing starvation مجاعة. Many scientists believe that without GM foods, the Third World will never overcome its food problems. At present, over one billion people live on less than one dollar a day. The United Nations الأمم المتحدة hopes this number will be cut in half within fifteen years. This will not happen if food continues to be produced in the conventional manner بطريقة تقليدية. Foods produced by traditional farming methods do not last very long and often spoil يتلفduring transport. Very often, food sent by the West to countries suffering from تعانى من famine مجاعة rots يتلف before it reaches its destination. Now, scientists have found ways to preserve يحفظfoods for much longer time. For example, they have developed a preservative مادة حافظة made from vitamins and minerals which keeps even cut fruit fresh for up to ten days if refrigerated يثلج. Despite this, there are still people who believe agricultural research should be moving in a different direction. They accept that there is no real proof that GM foods are dangerous. However, they believe that the solutions that GM foods provide are short-term and that it is necessary to find longer-lasting and natural means to solve the world's food problems.

A) Answer the following questions:
1- How do scientists preserve foods for a long time?
2- Mention one disadvantage of food grown by conventional methods.
3- Give a title to the passage.
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4- Do you agree with the scientists who believe that without GM foods, the Third World will never overcome its food problem? Why?

B) Choose the correct answer:
5- The expression "cut in half" means ……………………………..
a) cut into pieces
b) add one half
c) decrease by half
d) become one and a half
6- Most of the food sent to starving countries ………………………………….
a) never decays
b) decays after it reaches them
c) decays on the way
d) does not decay until it is eaten by them
7- People are …………………………………………….
a) not sure GM foods are dangerous
b) sure GM foods are safe
c) sure GM foods are dangerous
d) ignorant of GM foods

7- Answer Only Four (4) of the following questions:
1- How many countries does Global Challenge organise expeditions to?
2- Are Global Challenge holidays different from ordinary holidays?
3- What happens before young people go on Global Challenge holidays?
4- How do you think the Global challenge instructors help the young people during the expedition?
5- Do you think life would be difficult in a small village with no television?
6- Why do you think the language was not a problem for James?

D) The Novel

A) Answer the following questions:
1- Why was Van Lutjens going to New York?
2- What was Van Lutjens' job?
3- What quick decision did Benting take when the box of diamonds fell into the sea?
4- What happened when the sea was rough?

B) Read the following quotation, then answer the questions:
"When I got back, two men were just carrying him off - dead. Heart failure."
a) Who said this to whom?
b) Who was the dead man?
c) What was the cause of his death?


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E) Writing

9- Write a paragraph of seven (7) sentences about:
"An adventure holiday you went on"

F) Translation

10- A) Translate into Arabic:
1- It's our duty to conserve the environment.
2- The whole society should help street children grow up to become good citizens.

B) Translate into English:
إن شاطىء البحر الأبيض المتوسط فى مصر جميل و له مناخ رائع .