شرح رائع للوحدة 16 لغة انجليزية الثانى الثانوى

Unit 16
Tourism today
Accommodation مسكن Culture ثقافة
Reputation سمعة Staff هيئة موظفيين
Package tour رحلة جماعية Destination جهة الوصول
Wear away يتآكل Currency عملة
Mass مجموعة Essential حيوى
Pretend يتظاهر Fixed محدد / ثابت
Ancient history التاريخ القديم Earner مكس
Arrange يرتب Five-star hotel فندق خمس نجوم
Foreign currency عملة أجنبية Daily routine نظام ثابت يومى
Industry صناعة Disadvantages عيوب
Ordinary عادى The Sphinx أبو الهول
Outskirts ضواحى Agency مكتب سياحى
Attract يجذب Maintain يحافظ / يصون
Manager مدير Organize ينظم
Parks متنزهات Pollution تلوث
Popular شعبى Stone floor أرض حجرية
Stress توتر Nuisance إزعاج
Temples معابد The countryside الريف
Tourists locations مواقع سياحية Tour جولة
Travel agents وكلاء مكتب السياحة Upset منزعج
Ecotourism سياحة بيئية Historical monuments آثار
Holiday makers سياح The Mediterranean coast ساحل البحر المتوسط
Disturb يزعج Relaxing مريح للأعصاب
Faraway بعيد Make sure يتأكد
Resorts منتجعات Souvenirs هجايا تذكارية
Customers عملاء Produce ينتج
Museums متاحف Scenery منظر طبيعى
Ancient sites مواقع قديمة Travel company شركة سياحة
Employ توظف Promptly فى الحال
Cook طباخ Local محلى
Support يساند Job opportunities فرص عمل
Cultured مثقف Pretence تظاهر
Pretentious مدع / متظاهر Cathedral كاتدرائية


Idiomatic expressions
Compared to = in comparison with بالمقارنة بـ
Ever since منذ ذلك الحين
Feel negative about يشعر بالسلبية بشأن
For / At a fixed price بسعر ثابت
If so إذا حدث هذا
In the middle فى منتصف
To make money out of tourism يحقق ربح من السياحة
On the beach على البلاج
Take it easy = don’t worry لا تقلق
Do / cause damage to يلحق ضرر بـ
Go on a visit يذهب فى زيارة
Value for money يستحق ما دفع فيه
What's your destination = What are you heading for? ما هى وجهتك
Make plan يضع خطة

Prepositions
Add to يضيف إلى Different from مختلف عن
Wear away يتآكل Work on يعمل فى شئ محدد
Damage to ضرر لـ Essential for ضرورى لـ
Type of نوع من The cost of تكلفة ...كذا

Wear / wore / worn

Wear down ينهِك / يضعف
Wear on ينقضى الوقت ويمر ببطء
Wear out يبلى
Wear out ينهك / يتعب
Wear off يزول / يختفى
In the second half, we wore down the other team and won the match.
These shoes are going to wear out soon. I will have to buy another pair.
It was a hard work, and as the day wore on, I became more tired.
If you take the medicine now, it won't wear off until tomorrow.
*/*/*/*/*/*/*/*/*/*/*/*/*/*
Tourism today
People have visited Egypt eve since Greek and Roman times, but modern tourism began when an Englishman, Thomas Cook, arranged the first package tour in 1841. package tours are holidays, arranged by a travel company, which include travel, accommodation and sometimes meals for fixed price.
Mass tourism as we know it today first became popular in the 1960s , when air travel became cheaper, and today tourism is a huge business. Millions of holiday-makers are carried by air to destinations all over the world. countries on the Mediterranean coast alone attract 100 million tourists every summer.
Countries make a lot of money out of tourism, but there are also disadvantages. For example, every minute of every day, about one hundred Europeans Notre Dame cathedral in Paris, their feet wear away the stone floors. The buses waiting for the tourists produce pollution that damage the outside of the building.
During the tourist season, many of the world's great cities are very difficult to live in. Try ordinary food shopping in Pargue or Florence in the middle of summer! Tourists with cameras block your way. Shopping is impossible!
For Egypt, tourism is the second most important earner of foreign currency after oil. The tourist industry employs thousands of people such as travel agents, hotel staff and building workers. Egyptian travel agents think that by the year 2017, sixteen million tourists will visit Egypt each year, compared to the 9 million who visited in 2006. If this happens, new hotels and roads will have to be built and new parks and resorts will need to be planned.
**Five-star hotel opening next summer**
A large international hotel-group has plans to open five-star hotel on the outskirts of our town next summer. The manager of the new hotel is now the manager of a small hotel in Greece, but it is believed that between one and two hundred new staff will be needed when the hotel opens. There will be work for accountants, managers, trained cooks, waiters and cleaners.
The new hotel is expected to attract thousands of foreign tourist to our town every year.

Notes
People الناس
Peoples أمم / شعوب
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Reputation سمعة (حسنة أو سيئة)
Fame سمعة حسنة
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Staff هيئة
Stuff يحشو
The teaching staff in this school is quite excellent.
They stuffed the bag with straw.
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Communication and function
Compromising and coming to agreements
التوصل إلى اتفاقات و تسوية
*Going on holiday
* استخدم التعبيرات الآتية عند الموافقة على الذهاب لقضاء أجازة ما

• I'd prefer to go to ….but I am happy to go to …instead.
• I'd like to go to ….but it is probably better to go to …
• Do we all agree? So we're going to …
• That's good/ we all agree.



Say where these situations are taking place and who the speakers are

A: I'd like to pay for the bill.
B: what is your telephone number?
A: it 29032930
B: 500 pounds.

A: I'd like to buy a couple of canary, please.
B: Ok, here is the best we have.
A: How much are they?
B: 40 pounds.

A: I'd like to have a tooth pulled.
B: let me examine you.



A: I wish you a speedy recovery.
B: Thank you for your visit.



A: Good morning sir, can I help you?
B: I'd like to have an extension of stay.
A: How long have you been in Egypt?
B: for 3 weeks.

A: Can I help you?
B: to repair my car.
A: What is wrong with it?
B: It doesn’t start.


A: How can I help you?
B: I have an appointment with Mr Ali.
A: May I have your name?
B: Tom Jones.
A: Mr Ali will be with you in a minute.


A: I'd like to check the tyre pressure and
the battery level.
B: certainly, sir.


Respond to each of the following situations
1-You have just agreed to see a film at the cinema with two friends. You are quite happy. But you didn’t choose the film. What do you say.
2-You and your friends have decided which film to see at the cinema. You are happy.
3-You chose a holiday to Spain, but your friends all chose Italy, which was cheaper.
You think their idea is probably better. What do you say?
4-You are writing to a job applicant to say that her application was not successful.
5-A tourist is asking you about the way to the pyramids.
6-You want to end a telephone conversation with a friend.
7-There is a new employee in your office. You offer to show him around.
8-A friend thanks you for helping him.
9-Your friends want to go to the cinema, but you want to go down town.
10-Your friend asks you if want to go shopping. You like the idea.
11-Your brother wants to your uncle. You like the idea but you see it is better do it tomorrow as it is getting dark.
12-You ask your friend about the places he visited in Luxor.
13-Your friend asks you about the benefits you get from visiting London.
14-You ask your friend about his summer plans.
15-You explain how traveling to other countries is useful.
Choose the correct answer
1-Tourism industry (dismisses / sacks / fires / employs) huge numbers of Egyptian.
2-One of the (advantages / benefits / disadvantages / merits) of mass tourism is overcrowding and pollution.
3-Egypt gets most of its (local / foreign / national / forged) currency out of tourism.
4-About million tourists visited Egypt last year compared (to / in / of / off) the four million in 1999.
5-Planes carry the loads of holiday (makers / holders / fans / planners) to their destination.
6-Companies and countries (take / do / make / give) a lot of money out of tourism.
7-Pollution caused by the buses waiting for tourists (damages / decorated / eclipse / repairs) the outside of the building.
8-It is very difficult to find accommodation during the tourist (session / season / sector / decline)
9-The tourists' feet (drive / put / make / wear) away the stone floor on Notre-Dame Cathedral in Paris.
10-You will get all the services here (on / about / of / for) a fixed price.
11-The world's great cities arte very difficult to live in (after / during / before / until) the tourist season.
12-Spain makes a lot of money out of tourism. "out of" means (of / at / on / from)
13-It was Thomas Cook that (hired / rented / arranged / formed) the first package tour in 1844.
14-Luxor is a popular Egyptian (station / destination / declaration / inclusion) for many tourists.
15-In Europe (old / new / mass / traditional ) tourism began in 1950, when air travel became cheaper.
16-(Agriculture / Industry / Commerce / Tourism) is important because it brings hard currency.
17-The cost of flight form Europe to Egypt is (variable / fixed / unstable / cheap) it will not change until next year.
18-The (nationality / number / origin / currency) of Britain is Pound Sterling.
19-The area of land next to the sea is called a (bank / breach / peach /sand)
20-Sharm Al Sheikh is on the Red Sea (bank / coast / cost / source)
21-If the children play here, they will wear (down / away / off / out) the grass.
22-"What are you heading for" is the same as "what's your (destiny / dense / address / destination)?
23-The buses waiting for tourists (produce / producer / productive / production) a lot of pollution.
24-In the future (travel agents / builders / workers / receptionists) believe that more tourists will come to Egypt.
25-Too many tourists can make towns and cities very (empty /calm / quiet / crowded)
26-(Far / Quiet / Remote / Crowded) cities attract more tourists than others.
27-When air travel became cheaper, (small / eco / mass / home) tourism became popular.
28-foreign (language / currency / money / policy) is stronger and more stable than the local one.
29-Before 1960, tourism was a small industry and took (part / apart / place / turns) mostly within a country.
30-As for package tours, everything is organized by a travel (club / factory / hotel / company)
31-Tourism (applies / creates / fires / sacks) jobs are different kinds of people.
32-In package tours, holiday makers can (annoy / bother / relax / trouble) and not worry about anything.
33-Airplanes became cheaper and there was an increase in the number of (tickets / rows / queues / flights)
34-The nursing (stuff / staff / stiff / stifle) in this hospital is excellent.
35-The international conference aims at bringing people from many different (cultures / cultural / cultured / culturally)
36-This restaurant serves some of the finest food in the country, it has an international (repulsion / request / reputation / reputable)
37-Ahmed isn’t really asleep, he is (presuming / pretending / prevailing / preparing)
38-I really enjoy my job especially when (women / men / officers / customers) say they have enjoyed the trips.
39-Toursits buy (parcels / stamps / souvenirs / ticks) on going back to their country to remind them of their stay.
40-The price of the holiday includes not only flights but also (transplant / accommodation / recreation / accessory)
41-They got to know each other better as the summer wore (off / on / out / down)
42-The Pyramids and the Sphinx are (modern / ancient / faraway / ugly) sites.
43-In winter, many roads are completely (drowned / sunk / imagination / flooded) by snow.
44-You have worn (on / out / off / down) two pair of jeans in the last two months.
45-They wore him (off / on / down / out) with constant arguments until he changed his mind.
46-This price has agreed on. It is (different / fixed / cheap / expensive)
47-Tourism is the second most important (earner / winner / runner / rider) of foreign currency for Egypt after oil.
48-Notre Dam is a (mosque / chapel / monastery / cathedral) in pars. It is the main church there.
49-Children's shoes wear (on / of / down / out) very quickly.
50-The effects of the drug wore (of / off / on / out) after a few hours.
51-(Company / Accommodation / Comparing/ Camera) is a place to stay in.
52-(Create / Culture / Creation/ Curve) is the beliefs, behavior, art and ideas of society.
53-(Easy / Essay / Essential / Establish) means necessary and very important.
54-When you behave as if something is true when it isn’t true, then it means that you (prevent / protect / perhaps / pretend)
55-The opinion people have of someone is his (repeat / regret / reputation / representation)
56-The group of people who work for an organization is the (stuff / stiff / staff / sand)
57-Take it (tough / essay / easy / lazy) don’t worry.
58-Value (with / of / for / to) money is the high quality considering the price.
59-When we went on holiday last summer, we arranged our own (accommodation / presentation / starvation / civilization) in a small hotel.
60-I really like to (make / spend / take / work) it easy at the weekend, as I work hard all the week.
61-I want to be a doctor, when I am older, so it s (essential / bad / unimportant / worse) work hard from now.
62-Our school has a (herd / stuff / staff / flock) of 30 people. Most of them are teachers.
63-Our family dentist has a very good (defame / reputation / population / defeat) we all like him.
64-I enjoyed that meal and it didn’t cost much. It was really good (value in / value with / value for / value to) money.
65-When I go somewhere on holiday, I like to find out about the (creative / agricultural / creation / culture) of the people who live there.
66-The (cost / costal / coast / sand) is the area of land next to the sea.
67-The dollar is (current / currency / coin / credit) of the USA.
68-The verb (weep / weak / wear / work) away" means to make something thinner or disappear by too much use.
69-Luxor is a popular Egyptian (desert / destination / dessert / organization) for many tourists.
70-This manual work really wears me (in / at / on / out)
Find the mistake in each of the following sentences
1-Coutries on the Mediterranean bank attract millions of tourists every summer.
2-A grand tour is a holiday planned by a company for tourists.
3-Countries do a lot of money out of tourism.
4-Tourism stands in the second place as a loser of foreign currency after oil.
5-The feet of tourists wear of the stone floor of the building.
6-Tourits with cameras pave your way, so shopping is impossible.
7-A holiday park is a place where people can spend their holiday.
8-This price has been agreed on. So it is variable.
9-The waves of the sea wear on the rocks on the shore.
10-The coin of Britain is Pound Sterling.
11-You have to worry about me. I am ok.
12-As the time wore out, I became more and more worried.
Read the passage then answer the questions
It was believed that being overweight was healthy, but nowadays few people agree to this viewpoint. Studies are being performed concerning appetite and how it is controlled by both emotional and biochemical factors.
Some of the conclusions of these studies may give us the ability to understand how to deal with weight problems. For examples, when several people were asked about their eating habits in times of stress, 44% said they reacted to stressful situations by eating. Further investigations of both human and animals indicated that it is not food which relieves tension, but rather the act of chewing. Exercise has been recommended as an important part of weight-loss programs. However, it has been found that mild exercise is a way of losing weight because using the stairs instead of the lift is better in the long run that taking on a severe program such as running slowly (jogging). Many people find jogging difficult to continue over long periods of time, it also increase appetite.
1-What is the best treatment for overweight, according to the writer's point of view?
2-What are the two kinds of exercise that help lose weight?
3-How does eating relieve tension?
4-One of the emotional factors which control appetite is (jogging / chewing / eating / stress)
5-The word "further" in the passage means (more / super / greater / extreme)
Translate
1-We waste too much water, and we pollute our rivers with deadly chemicals from factories. In many parts of the world, people continue using rivers as rubbish dumps.
2-Tourism has become an essential pillar of Egyptian economic activity. It is the second most important earner of foreign currency for Egypt after petroleum products. The tourist industry and the industries which serve it employ huge umbers of Egyptians such as travel agents, tour guides, hotel staff and building workers.
3-The most pressing problem created by the rapid increase in population is the shortage of food. More mouths have to be fed every year, yet a high proportion of the existing population are not getting enough of the right kind of food. It is w world problem and needs a world solution.
4-The world is in danger at present. Every lover of nature hopes that government will act quickly in order to conserve nature. Trees and flowers have been destroyed by modern man and his technology.
5-The health of a person depends on the health of his immune system. Everyday we some into contact with new viruses, bacteria and other foreign substances. Yet, most of them do us no harm because our immune system quickly destroys them.

1-تعد السياحة مصدر لكسب العملة الصعبة بعج البترول وقناة السويس.
2-تخلق السياحة فرص عل لكثير من المرشدين ووكلاء مكاتب السياحة.\
3-إن صناعة السياحة فتحت آفاقا جديدة نحو توفير فرص عمل أفضل للشباب.
4-يأتى السياح لمصر لمشاهدة المعابد الفرعونية القديمة.
5-يوجد فى مصر ما يقرب من مائة نوع من الطيور تعيش فى المدن والقرى والبيئات الزراعية والساحلية.
6-تحتاج خلايا الجسم إلى إمداد مستمر من الأكسيجين وخاصة تلك التى فى المخ.
7-يجب أن نبذل قصارى جهدنا للحفاظ على تراثنا وتقاليدنا الأصيلة.

Write a paragraph of about 100 words on
A holiday you would like to go on and give reasons for your choice.

Grammar

Necessity

1- Present necessity الضرورة فى المضارع
(Must = have / has to = have got to = need to +مصدر)
الاستخدام
• Strong advice نصيحة قوية
• Warm invitation دعوة
• Strong reminder to ourselves. تذكرة لأنفسنا
You must come and see us at the weekend.
You must wash your hands before eating.
You must buy souvenirs for our friends here.
My children have to go to school next year.
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2- Lack of necessityعدم الضرورة
Don’t / doesn’t have to
+مصدر
Don’t need to = needn't to
When you are on holiday, you don’t have to go to bed early.
When you are on holiday, you needn't go to bed early.
It isn’t raining, so we don’t need to take a taxi.

3-Past necessity الضرورة فى الماضى

Had to
+مصدر
It was necessary to

My father had to work six days a week.
I had to go to the dentist last night.
It was necessary for me to go to the dentist last night.
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4-Lack on necessity in the pastعدم الضرورة فى الماضى
-Didn’t have to +مصدر
-needn't have + pp
-didn’t need to + مصدر
I didn’t have to call him.
They didn’t have to learn French.
They needn't have learnt French.
They didn’t need to learn French.
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5-Future necessity الضرورة فى المستقبل
Will have to + المصدر سيكون مضطر إلى
The flight is at six in the morning, so we will have to get up at five.
The flight is at six in the morning, so it will be necessary for us to get up at five.
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Remarks ملاحظات
Must إلزام داخلى
Have / has to إلزام خارجى
* لم يعد معى نقود ل لذا يجب أن أذهب للبنك
- I must go to the bank today.
لا أستطيع مقابلتك لأنى عندى عمل. فاعمل هنا هو الإلزام الخارجى.
I can't meet you on Friday. I have to work.
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Mustn’t لا يجب (وهى تفيد التحريم أو المنع التام)
You mustn’t touch this wire.
You mustn’t drink wine.
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Choose the correct answer
1-You (must / had to / needn't / mustn’t) be strong and healthy. It is very important.
It is very important.
2-You (had to / have / mustn’t / must) hurt animals, they are creatures like us.
3-Children (must / needn't don’t have to / mustn’t) pick flowers or plants. They are useful for us.
4-In Jordan you (have to / must / needn't / mustn’t) drive on the left. It is against the law.
5-I (must / mustn’t / had to / don’t have to) remember to buy stamps. It is important to do that.
6-I have warned you twice not to do that. You (have got to / must / needn't / mustn’t) do that.
7-We (mustn’t / needn't / have got to / don’t have to) give in our homework tomorrow.
8-You (must / have to / mustn’t / needn't) take photographs near here. It is forbidden.
9-Must we finish this exercise today? No you )have to / mustn’t / have got to / don’t have to)
10-You (have to / must / needn't / mustn’t) come to the meeting if you are busy.
11-You are to fat to join the police academy. You (had to / may / has to / must) go on a diet.
12-We (had to / must / must have / have to) walk home last night. There were no buses.
13-You (have to / must / needn't / mustn’t) whistle. Nobody can hear you.
14-I (mustn’t / must / don’t need to / can't) go yet. I can stay a little longer.
15-It is raining outside, you (must / may / had to / needn't) take your umbrella.
16-What (must I / have I / do I have / will I ) to do to get a driver's license?
17-I (mustn’t / shouldn’t / don’t have to / can't) wear a suit to work, but I usually do.
18-She stayed in bed this morning because she (doesn’t have to / mustn’t / didn’t have to / hasn’t got to) go to work.
19-Why (do you have / must / did you have / have you got) to go to hospital last night?
20-Heba's eyes aren’t very good, she (has to / doesn’t have to / had to / didn’t have to) wear glasses for reading.
21-You (don’t have to / needn't / must / mustn’t) smoke in hospitals.
22-You (needn't / mustn’t / don’t have to / must) wash your hands before you eat.
23-Your flight is at six in the morning, so you (have to / will have to / had to / don’t have to) get up early.
24-You (must / need to / had to / will need to) come to our wedding party.
25-We (had to / have got to / need / didn’t have to) give in our homework to the teacher tomorrow.
26-Students (have to / had to / need / didn’t have to) study ancient history this year.
27-I (have to / has to / had to / will have) get up early on school days.
28-We (need to / must / mustn’t / have to ) forget that tourism brings us a lot of money.
29-At some schools, children (has to / have to / mustn’t / didn’t have to) wear uniform.
30-People (needn't / mustn’t / don’t have to / must) drive too fast in cities.
31-We (mustn’t / didn’t have to / don’t have to / must have given) given out homework to the teacher until next week.
32-She (have t / must / will have to / had to) go to the doctor yesterday.
33-You have much time. You (needn't / mustn’t / have to / must) hurry.
34-You (must / mustn’t / don’t have to / have to) park here. It is a no parking area.
35-You (mustn’t / had to / have to / need to) let him talk to you like that.
36-You (needn't / mustn’t / don’t have to / must) wait here. You aren’t allowed to wait here.
37-I didn’t buy the medicine although I (have to / had to / has to / didn’t have to) take it in time.
38-We (have to / had to / has to / didn’t have to) leave at 11 because the last bus went at 11.20.
39-They (have to / had to / must / don’t need to) pay to stay in a hotel. You can stay with us.
40-We have been staying in a hotel for the last two weeks so we (didn’t have to / doesn’t have to / don’t have to / must)cook our meals.
41-We (have to / has to / needed to / had to) run all the way to the station because we were so late.
42-It is your fault that you are so tired. You (mustn’t / have to / had to / has to) go to bed so late.
43-Hurry up, you (didn’t have to / need to / don’t have to / doesn’t have to) take a bath now, the taxi is coming in 10 minutes.
44-You (must / had to / need / don’t need to) go to that new French restaurant in town. It is the best restaurant I have ever been to.
45-Tom (doesn’t had to / doesn’t have to / don’t have to / must) get up early in the morning but everyone else in the house does.
46- If I fail any one of my exams, I (will have to / has to / don’t have to / had to) take all of them again in November
47-The wedding has been canceled, so I (need / needn't / have to / must) buy this new suit. It will be a waste of money.
49-Your flight is tomorrow. You (have to / don’t have to / had to / didn’t have) to take your passport.
Find the mistake in each of the following sentences
1-Parents needn't consider their children's emotional and physical demands.
2-I want to go to university. I mustn't apply before the end of the week.
3-You mustn’t buy this book. I can lend you some money.
4-You have to speak so loudly, it is very annoying.
5-You have to go shopping with us. You can stay at home if you want.
6-You look ill, you don’t need to see a doctor.
7-We needn't leave now, the train leaves in five minutes.
8-You needn't all come. This means that it is necessary for you all to come.
9-Do you had to have a visa to go to America?
10-We have to do lots boring exercises last night.
11-Passengers don’t have to smoke while the plane is taking off.
12-I mustn’t get up at 7 because the train leaves at 8.
13-You must take me to the airport, I will take a taxi.
14-I has to take my children to school before I go to work.
15-You must eat in the lecture halls; it is against the college regulations.
16-Teachers have to wear uniforms.
17-Please, don’t say any more. I already know the truth so you will have to lie to me.
18-Employees has to follow the safety regulations.
19-You have to come if you don’t want to.
20-Do I need to bringing anything with me?
21-Everyone need to eat fresh food.
22-I had to get new clothes if I get that job.
23-We needn't got up early this morning because we had no lectures.
24-(Do / Did / Have / Does) you have to get a visa?
25-We will has to get there before 5 because the shops close then.
26-Do you (have / has / had / needed) pay for the bill in advance?
27-You really must trying to forget him.